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Biomedical subjects

M Krauss

Publications and source records attributed to M Krauss.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Cefaclor and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for recurrent otitis media].

The efficacy of cefaclor and of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) in the management of recurrent otitis media was evaluated in a randomized single-blind controlled trial. The median age of the patients was 12 months (range 5-37); there were 37 boys and 19 girls. All had received 1 or more courses of antibacterials for acute otitis media in the previous 2-3 weeks. 27 were treated with oral cefaclor suspension, 40 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses, and 29 with 1 mg/kg/day of TMP-SMX (trimethoprim 8 mg, sulfamethoxazole 40 mg) in 2 divided doses, each group for 10 days. 70% of the cefaclor group and 90% of the TMP-SMX group were cured after the 10 days of therapy (0.1 greater than p greater than 0.05). Results were not better on the 21st day as compared with the 10th. Our data indicate a mild preference for TMP-SMX (although p was not less than 0.05), since it needs to be given only twice a day and costs less than cefaclor.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Molecular and genetic analysis of an embryonic gene, DC 8, from Daucus carota L.

To understand the morphogenetic and physiological processes occurring during plant embryogenesis, we isolated cDNA clones homologous to genes preferentially expressed during somatic embryogenesis. One of these cDNA clones detected an embryo-specific mRNA species with a corresponding protein of 66 kDa. The expression pattern of the mRNA is similar between somatic and zygotic embryos of carrots. To characterize the gene encoding this mRNA, we isolated the corresponding genomic clones. Molecular analysis of the DNA from several haploid and diploid carrots showed that the mRNA was encoded by a single copy gene, named DC 8. DNA sequence analysis showed that the gene consisted of three exons and coded for a hydrophilic protein with a central region composed of 17 repeats. At the NH2-terminus no typical signal sequence was found. Immunocytochemical analysis localized the protein primarily in the vacuoles and protein bodies of zygotic embryos; the cytoplasm showed some antibody staining. The protein was also found in cell walls of endosperm tissue. The amount of DC 8 protein was too low for it to be categorized as a seed storage protein; its role in embryo-genesis remains to be determined.

Alleles↗
PubMed1989

Knowledge management as a decision support method: a diagnostic workup strategy application.

We have explored the potential of a computer-based approach called "knowledge management" to aid in clinical problem solving and education. The major features of the approach are its ability to support flexible and immediate access by a user to relevant knowledge and annotation and organization of the knowledge for personal use and subsequent retrieval. We illustrate this approach with its application to diagnostic workup strategy problems. In this application, knowledge may be in the form of static narrative text, diagrams, pictures, graphs, tables, flow charts, or bibliographic citations. Other more dynamic forms of knowledge may be the result of simulations, "what if" analyses or modeling, quantitative mathematical or statistical calculation, or heuristic inference. User assessment has demonstrated the system's ease of use and user perception of its desirability, but underscores the need for a "critical mass" of knowledge before such an approach will be widely utilized.

Decision Support Techniques↗
PubMed1989

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

History, Ancient↗
PubMed1989

[Determining the diagnosis--tumor of the kidney pelvis--using sonography].

The advantages and deficiencies of diagnostic imaging procedures especially of ultrasonography in the diagnostics of solid masses in the renal collecting system are presented. The intravenous urography is important as basic examination, but ultrasonography is valuable for additional information especially in the non-functioning kidney. A tumor could identified in the renal collecting system if its size is greater than 10 mm.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Diagnosis of perforation of the kidney pelvis using sonography].

In a case report the diagnostics of a perforation of the renal pelvis using ultrasound is presented. Spontaneous urinary extravasations of the renal pelvis may appear in a previously diseased urinary tract also without the diuretic effect of contrast media. The ultrasound examination show the perirenal fluid collections and the diagnosis of spontaneous perforation of the renal pelvis is stated together with the clinical course.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Intraocular injection of lidocaine.

Lidocaine was inadvertently injected intraocularly in three patients. In the one patient who had not received prior mydriatics, the drug caused immediate dilation and paralysis of the pupil and diminished visual acuity to counting fingers. Retinal function began to improve after four hours and both retinal and pupillary function recovered completely by 16 hours. A second patient also recovered completely. The third patient developed a permanent field defect. The effects of intraocular lidocaine were then studied in an animal model. Lidocaine temporarily paralyzed the pupil in mydriasis and temporarily extinguished the b-wave of the electroretinogram. Light and electron microscopy study of the retina revealed no damage beyond that at the perforation site.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

A theoretical model for the binding of cis-Pt(NH3)2(+2) to DNA.

The binding of cis-Pt(NH3)2B1B2 to the bases B1 and B2, i.e., guanine (G), cytosine (C), adenine (A), and thymine (T), of DNA is studied theoretically. The components of the binding are analyzed and a model structure is proposed for the intrastrand binding to the dB1pdB2 sequence of a kinked double helical DNA. Quantum mechanical calculations of the ligand binding energy indicates that cis-Pt(NH3)2(+2) (cis-PDA) binds to N7(G), N3(C), O2(C), O6(G), N3(A), N7(A), O4(T) and O2(T) in order of decreasing binding energy. Conformational analysis provides structures of kinked DNA in which adjacent bases chelate to cis-PDA. Only bending toward the major groove allows the construction of acceptable square planar complexes. Examples are presented for kinks of -70 degrees and -40 degrees at the receptor site to orient the base pairs for ligand binding to B1 and B2 to form a nearly square planar complex. The energies for complex formation of cis-PDA to the various intra-strand base sites in double stranded DNA are estimated. At least 32 kcal/mole separates the energetically favorable dGpdG.cis-PDA chelate from the dCpdG.cis-PDA chelate. All other possible chelate structures are much higher in energy which correlates with their lack of observation in competition with the preferred dGpdG chelate. The second most favorable ligand energy occurs with N3(C). A novel binding site involving dC(N3)pdG(N7) is examined. Denaturation can result in an anti----syn rotation of C about its glycosidic bond to place N3(C) in the major groove for intrastrand binding in duplex DNA. This novel intrastrand dCpdG complex and the most favored dGpdG structure are illustrated with stereographic projections.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1984

Albumin influences sulfobromophthalein transport by hepatocytes of each acinar zone.

To determine whether profiles of decreasing concentration were generated among hepatocytes of the liver acinus during the transport of sulfobromophthalein sodium (BSP), rat livers were perfused with various concentrations of this dye (10 microM to 1 mM) in the presence and absence of albumin. After steady-state conditions for the biliary secretion of BSP had been attained, pieces of liver were rapidly frozen. Following the alkalinization of cryostat-cut sections, the relative concentration of BSP in hepatocytes of each zone and the effect of albumin on this localization were quantitated by microspectrophotometry. The results showed that BSP, perfused in the absence of albumin, was efficiently extracted by the liver (95% on a single pass), generating distinct profiles of decreasing cellular concentration from zone 1 to zone 3 at every concentration of BSP. However, the addition of albumin to the perfusate greatly reduced the extraction of BSP from the sinusoidal compartment and resulted in the abolition of the differences in BSP content between hepatocytes of zone 1 and zone 3. These results represent a direct demonstration that, as predicted by mathematical modeling, binding of BSP to albumin indeed results in a more homogeneous distribution of BSP within the liver acinus. A simple and direct microspectrophotometric method is therefore available to follow the changes in the relative concentration of BSP among the hepatocytes of the various acinar zones.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

De novo duplication of the 7q11 leads to q22 region.

A patient with de novo partial trisomy for the 7q11 leads to 7q22 region as defined by methotrexate high resolution banding is described. he presented with delayed growth and development and characteristic physical features. These consisted of frontal bossing, prominent metopic suture, almond shaped eyes, enophthalmos, large, low set, posteriorly rotated ears, long philtrum, narrow upper lip, high arched palate, and a short neck. Specific genitourinary anomalies were noted.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1982

Familial early-onset nephrotic syndrome: diffuse mesangial sclerosis. Clinico-pathological study of a kindred.

Four children from two related families are described with a clinical picture characterized by the onset of asymptomatic proteinuria with subsequent nephrotic syndrome in infancy, and progression to renal failure and death before the age of three years. The clinical picture and the renal pathological studies were consistent with the entity described by Habib as infantile mesangial sclerosis. We propose that this entity possibly represents a genetic disorder which is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait.

Adolescent↗