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Biomedical subjects

M Koziak

Publications and source records attributed to M Koziak.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of the clinical features and pharmacological treatment of epileptics with frequent seizures].

The analysis of clinical features of groups of patients with frequent and rare epileptic seizures showed that the mean age of the first seizure, the mean age at the time of examination, and the mean duration of the disease were not significantly different in both studied groups. In the group with frequent seizures a significantly more frequent presence of features indicating serious organic brain damage was found (more frequent occurrence of known aetiological factors, more cases of posttraumatic epilepsy, psychic and neurological abnormalities). In group C changes in the background activity in EEG were also more frequent. The analysis of pharmacological treatment showed a more frequent application of polytherapy in group C. On the other hand, the mean levels of antiepileptic drugs in the serum and the mean doses of these drugs for kg of body mass were not significantly different in both groups. In about 40% of patients in both groups the prescribed drugs failed to reach the levels generally regarded as therapeutic (slightly more frequently in the group with rare seizures). This was true mainly of PHT since about 81% of patients in both groups failed to reach the therapeutic level of the drug (10 ug/ml). The likely causes of this fact were: too low doses prescribed (55% of the patients were given doses below the generally recommended), lower bioavailability of PHT (27% of patients had no therapeutic level of the drug in the serum, despite doses exceeding 5 mg/kg); or drug interaction. This requires elucidation in further studies.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of the method of treatment on mean survival time of patients with glial brain tumors].

In the years 1976-1981 54 patients were treated for malignant glial tumours confirmed by histological examination. The purpose of the reported analysis was a comparison of the mean survival time and the mean time of survival without evidence of recurrence in 3 groups of patients. In group I of 13 patients not treated surgically but receiving only conservative management the mean survival time was 7.4 weeks. In group II treated surgically but without other therapy this time was 29.2 weeks. In group III in which the patients were operated on and treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy this time was 58.9 weeks. The differences between the groups were statistically significant. Similarly, the mean survival time without recurrence was significantly longer in the group receiving comprehensive treatment than in the group treated only surgically (46.5 vs 18.0 weeks).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Serum lipids in stroke].

In 60 patients with brain strokes the changes in serum triglycerides, cholesterol and optic density were determined in various stages of brain stroke. The control group included 60 patients without clinical evidence of atherosclerosis. Changes were observed in serum lipids in patients during brain stroke and they concerned mainly the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. The intensity of these changes reflected the severity of the condition of the patient. In all patients the serum cholesterol level decreased during the first 7 days of the disease. In the group with favourable outcome a rise was observed in the cholesterol level after 4 weeks of disease. In the group with unfavorable course of the disease the level of cholesterol continued to fall until death. The triglyceride level was significantly lower in all patients in the 1st week of the disease in relation to the control group. After 4 weeks of the disease the triglyceride level rose to values not significantly different from those in the control group. The value of optic density of the serum in the group of patients in different stages of the disease was not statistically different from that in the control group. Determinations of serum lipids in patients with brain strokes together with clinical evaluation of the state of the patient seem to be useful in establishing prognosis in the disease.

Cerebrovascular Disorders↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Blood clotting disorders in cases of encephalomalacia].

In a group of 22 patients with foci of brain softening certain blood clotting factor were determined at different stages of the disease. The control group consisted of 16 healthy subjects. Shortening of the prothrombin time was observed after 4 weeks in the group of patients as compared with the control group. The fibrinolytic activity was higher in the plasma on the 4th day of the disease and a fall of plasma fibrinolytic activity after 4 weeks to normal values was observed.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epileptic seizures among the population of Mokotów: incidence and prognosis].

In the years 1976-1979 all cases of first epileptic seizure of any type were analysed in the whole population of the Mokotów District. The total number of patients with the first seizure in life was 272. The mean annual incidence coefficients were: for the repeatedly occurring seizures (i.e.epilepsy)--21.2/100 thousand of the general population, including 25.3 for men and 17.5% for women; isolated seizures--8.0 and 10.1 and 6.1 respectively; febrile seizures (diagnosed in children aged up to 4 years)--12.9 and 15.6 and 10.4 respectively; in another 2.3 subjects per 100 thousand the reported seizures were suspected of being epilepsy. It may be stated, generally, that in each 100 thousand of the population 44 subjects require annually examination because of epileptic seizure of seizures (or a disease in which seizures were one of its signs). The incidence was higher in men than in women (54 and 36 respectively). Epilepsy incidence coefficients and similar coefficients of isolated seizures were low in the first two decades of life, rising then gradually to a maximal level at the age of 70 and more years (60,3/100 thousand). The aetiology of the disease was disclosed in 70% of cases: head trauma in 20%, chronic alcoholism in 16%, stroke in 12%, brain tumour in about 10%. These were the most frequent aetiological factors. During follow-up 31 patients died, mostly the cases of brain tumour (40%), stroke (29%) and intracranial haematomas (about 10%). EEG obtained shortly after the first seizure is of low prognostic value.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The clinical picture of stenosis and occlusion of the extracranial cerebral arteries].

The authors report a clinical analysis of 200 cases of various forms of stenosis and occlusion of the extracranial arteries supplying the brain. The cases were collected in a period of 15 years. Follow-up investigations were conducted in 100 conservatively treated patients and 100 surgically treated ones. Syndromes of cerebral, ophthalmic, trophic and vascular signs are described, their incidence is discussed and the most salient features are emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Health status of children born to mothers with epilepsy].

The authors studied 168 children of mothers with the diagnosis of epilepsy, with 94 of them aged below 15 years whose conception occurred already during the disease of the mother. The control group included 94 children of healthy mothers. These groups of children were matched for sex and age. The general condition was analysed with particular reference to congenital anomalies, neurological condition and psychological investigation. A statistically significantly higher frequency of seizures was observed in the children of epileptic mothers as compared with controls. Occurrence of epileptic seizures and treatment with anticonvulsants in pregnancy create an additional risk of congenital anomalies developing in offsprings, it is possible that they predispose also to premature labours. No significant effect on the psychic state of the children was found.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Influence of steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on post-operative blood-aqueous barrier in pseudophakia].

Fluorophotometric evaluation of the tightness of blood-aqueous barrier was made in 2 groups of patients who underwent cataract surgery with IOLs implantation. The first group was treated with nonsteroidal (Naclof, Tolectin) and the second with steroidal (Dexamethasone, Hydrocortisone) anti-inflammatory drugs. Fluorophotometry of the anterior segment of the eye was performed for the quantitative examination of the inflammatory reaction. The leakage of fluorescein through the blood-aqueous barrier was evaluated and compared with the fellow, non-operated eye. The individual leakage coefficient, calculated according to Sanders, was lower in the group of patients treated with nonsteroidal drugs but the differences were not statistically significant. The results suggest that nonsteroidal drugs could be as efficient or even more efficient in the treatment of inflammatory reaction after cataract surgery with IOLs implantation.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fluorometric estimation of corneal endothelium functions in emmetropic and myopic eyes in pseudophakia].

The aim of the study was to calculate the corneal endothelial permeability (Pac) before, one week, and one month after planned extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular posterior chamber lens implantation in two groups with axial myopes (8 eyes) and normal eyes (6 eyes): in patients aged 60-75 years. Patients with minimal endothelial disorders have been found to have abnormal endothelial permeabilities. Each operated eye was submitted to fluorophotometry of the anterior segment with measurement of corneal endothelial permeability (Fluorotron Master, Coherent), the day before surgery, 1 week and 1 month afterwards. The measuring of cornea thickness measurement and endothelial cell counting was done by specular microscopy with pachymeter. Corneal permeability clearly increased 1 week after surgery in both groups; 1 months after surgery Pac was normalized in both groups, except for all pseudophakic myopic eyes (axial length: 25-27 mm) with longer surgical procedures (> 20 min), those associated with a greater increase in corneal endothelial permeability. No changes in corneal thickness and endothelial cell density were noted as a result of surgery. Myopic eye with longer surgical procedures was found as a risk factor for an increase in corneal endothelial permeability.

Cataract↗