Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Korobaeff

Publications and source records attributed to M Korobaeff.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Effect of a histamine aerosol in 20 subjects with histamine hyperreactivity. Application to a study of the protective properties of pipoxizine].

The authors made a study of the antihistaminic properties of Pipoxizine in 20 subjects with proven histaminic hyperreactivity. The design of the trial consisted in comparing the changes of VC, FEC1, expiratory airway resistance and V50 produced by a histamine aerosol given before and after administration of Pipoxizine. Pipoxizine was given by mouth to 10 patients and intravenously to the other 10 of the group. The statistical analysis of the results demonstrated an antagonist effect of Pipoxizine on the histamine induced bronchoconstriction. The data of this trial are confirmative of the results of other experimenters. It seems therefore reasonable to take into consideration the use of Pipoxizine in the preventive treatment of the paroxystic attacks of the asthmatic disease.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1977

[Small airway function tests; techniques of measurements. Review of the literature].

It is usually agreed that obstructive lesions in small airways are the first abnormalities in patients with chronic bronchitis. Consequently, there is now a great interest in the early detection of airways obstruction. Three techniques are described: frequency dependence of compliance, flow-volume curve and closing-volume. The results obtained in healthy subjects and in patients with obstructed airways are discussed.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1975

[Measurement of the oxygen affinity of hemoglobin. Application to patients with angina pectoris with normal coronography. Study of 10 cases].

A study of 2-3 D.P.C. (diphosphoglycerate) and of P50 (PO2 of half-saturation of blood at pH 7.40, PCO2 40 torr and temperature 37 degrees C) was carried out in ten subjects: eight women and two men suffering from angina pectoris with no evidence of obstruction on their coronary arteriograms. The study was made with the subjects at rest, in the absence of any acute coronary episode. The results show that these patients have a normal affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen: the 2-3 D.P.G. was 13.05 +/- 2.2 muM.g-1 Hb; P50 was 26.7 +/- 1.3 torr; Hill's "n" was 2.65 +/- 0.29. Deviation to the right of the oxyhaemoglobin curve may be seen, after effort or during a provoked attack, but this movement to the right seems to be the result rather than the cause of the myocardial ischaemia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Silica exposure and chronic airflow limitation in pottery workers.

We assessed the relationship between exposure to silica dust and chronic airflow limitation in an epidemiological survey conducted among pottery workers and controls who were of the same socioeconomic status (average age: 35 y; 78% males). Data were collected by questionnaire for respiratory symptoms, allergy, respiratory history, smoking habits, and occupation. Lung function was measured with a computer-equipped Gauthier spirometer. We excluded subjects with silicosis or doubtful chest x-ray, and two exposure levels were defined. No differences were observed between exposed subjects and controls with respect to respiratory conditions. Mean pulmonary function values for men and women were significantly lower, after adjustment for age, height, and smoking habits, in even indirectly exposed pottery workers, compared with controls. These results suggest that exposure to silica dust is a risk factor for chronic airflow limitation and is independent of radiographic changes.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Short-term effects of low-level winter pollution on respiratory health of asthmatic adults.

We studied the short-term effects of Paris winter air pollution (i.e., sulfur dioxide, Black Smoke, suspended particulates with an aerodynamic diameter close to 10 microm, and nitrogen dioxide) in 40 nonsmoking mild to moderate asthmatics (52% male; mean age = 46 y; 90% treated with inhaled steroids). During a 6-mo period, subjects recorded asthma symptoms and three daily peak expiratory flow measurements. Statistical analysis (i.e., generalized estimating equation models that accounted for autocorrelation of responses, weather data, and time trends) revealed consistent and significant associations between the pollutants and asthma attacks and symptoms in the entire study group, especially in the subgroup of individuals who took inhaled beta2 agonists as needed. Pollutants correlated negatively with morning peak expiratory flow in the subgroup that took inhaled beta2 agonists as needed, and they correlated positively with daily variability in asthmatics who received regularly scheduled inhaled beta2 agonists. The effects lingered several days after exposure occurred. Low-level pollution has consistent measurable effects on nonsmoking adults who have well-treated mild or moderate asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Value and reproducibility of TLCO, TMCO and Vc in healthy subjects (author's transl)].

Transfer factor (TLCO) and its components (TMCO and Vc) have been measured in 47 healthy subjects. The regressions with respect to age and body surface were close to those found in the literature. The reproducibility of these indices has been investigated in a sub-group of 5 subjects, examined at two days intervals, for 24 to 42 days. For TLCO measured with a 16% O2 mixture, the reproducibility was good (coefficient of variation of 5%). For Vc and TMCO, the dispersion was more important and varied among the subjects. The lack of reproducibility appeared to be due, among other factors, to reading errors on the variables, and more frequently FACO. Four among these 5 subjects were asked to keep alveolar pressure close to atmospheric during the apnea; the coefficient of variation decreased from 23.5 to 7.5% for Vc and from 25.9 to 12.4% for TMCO.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Analysis of the methacholine dose-response curve: usefulness of a simplified log-logistic model in epidemiological studies.

The object of the study was to find a model to summarize all the information from dose-response curves, by determining the coefficients to be used to compare groups of subjects. Three coefficients were calculated from the following model: F(d)/F(o) = ONE - k(d-delta)alpha+, where F(d)/F(o) was the ratio between FEV1 at dose (d) of methacholine and prechallenge FEV1, 'k' the slope of the relative variation of FEV1 with the dose, 'delta' the threshold dose and 'alpha' a shape factor. The model was applied to the study of hyperresponsiveness in a population of 317 men. The results illustrated the interest of this model which was applicable to 91% of the population and permitted fine discrimination of the groups studied.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Can an improvement in pulmonary function be demonstrated in children under 10 years sent to winter sport classes?].

The purpose of this research was to appreciate the benefit of a Winter sport class for young children. The study was carried out, in the Northern suburb of Paris, among girls and boys, aged 8.4 on average. Among them, 91 went to the mountains and 65 (controls) stayed in town. A spirometry and a flow-volume curve were measured: before starting, on coming back home and 2 years later. The parents filled in questionnaires about children's respiratory symptoms and history. Morphometric data were recorded. Reference values of this population were obtained by taking height into account. No difference in respiratory symptoms and history was observed between the groups at the beginning of the survey. However, the children who went to the mountains had lower age, weight and height than the others. Nevertheless, 2 years later, these children had a more important increase of F.E.F.1 and F.E.F.25-75. They had also a more important increase of their flows.

Altitude↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of the links between functional and clinical data in 212 asthma patients from 14 to 30 years old at a health spa in La Bourboule (author's transl)].

212 asthma patients, who attended their first health spa at La Bourboule, are studied. The functional data are statistically compared to those obtained from clinical examination. In this group of patients, it is found that: 1. Most of the functional tests are perturbed in proportion to the seiousness of the disease (determined by the number of days of attack per year). On the contrary, the other clinical criteria, and in particular the evolution time, do not affect the functional values. 2. The different ventilatory parameters studied are correlated two by two, for instance V 50 on the one had, FEV1, FEV1/VC or LR on the other. Finally the authors discuss the interest of V 50 and LR measurement in order to localize the bronchial obstruction in asthma at the level of either the large trunks (LR) or the small bronchii (V 50).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Flow-volume curves in healthy children and adolescents 10-19 years of age. Reference values and lower limits of the normal].

In 477 healthy children and adolescents (247 boys and 230 girls, aged 10 to 19 years), we measured the vital capacity (VC), the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), the flow between 25 and 75% of expired forced vital capacity (FEF25-75) and the forced expiratory flows when 75, 50 and 25% of forced vital capacity remain to be expired (FEF75, FEF50, FEF25), in order to determine reference values and lower limits of the normal. Regression functions were calculated for girls and boys separately. The best correlations for pulmonary volumes and flows were obtained by taking into account simultaneously height and age in girls, height, age and weight in boys. Power function is the model of regression that fits our data the best. The regression functions determined, as well as the lower limits of the normal and the residual standard deviations, are given by sex for each of the variables measured. These results are discussed and compared with those in literature. They concern clinicians (identification of "abnormal" subjects) and epidemiologists (prevalence of ventilatory troubles, comparison of different populations), and can be used in adolescents of the same age groups.

Adolescent↗