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Biomedical subjects

M Kopp

Publications and source records attributed to M Kopp.

70 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

[Cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase and 0-methyltransferase activities in leaves of hypersensitive tobacco plants infected by tobacco mosaic virus].

Tobacco leaves of Nicotiana tabacum L., variety Samsun NN, show a low cinnamic acid-4-hydroxylase activity and a rather high O-methyltransferase activity. Caffeic acid, the substrate of the latter enzyme, is methylated specifically in the meta position. In TMV-infected leaves a strong increase in the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and of these two enzymes occurs at the time of appearance and development of the necrotic reaction.

Caffeic Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Time after bone marrow transplantation as an important variable for quality of life: results of a cross-sectional investigation using two different instruments for quality-of-life assessment.

Quality of life (QoL) was investigated in 56 BMT recipients. The objective was to compare QoL in terms of physical, emotional, and social functioning between patients within the first year after BMT (n = 15) and patients who were alive more than 1 year after BMT (n=41). The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale (FACT-BMT) and the EORTC-Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ C30) were used to evaluate QoL as perceived by the patients. Results show a significantly reduced general QoL in patients within the first year after BMT. Specific differences were identified on the dimensions of physical and emotional well-being and the symptom scales of appetite loss, fatigue, pain, dyspnea, and nausea and vomiting. QoL improves significantly with time after BMT. We suggest that there should be more integration of QoL expectancy into the pre-BMT information process. Patients should be informed about potential deficits in physical and emotional well-being within the first year after BMT. This could enhance insight and compliance in the critical period early after BMT.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infusing teaching thinking skills into subject-area instruction.

Students can be taught clinical reasoning actively with the adaptation of the infusion approach for "teaching of" thinking. The authors demonstrate the "teaching of" critical thinking strategies for diagnostic decisions. The instructor uses a thinking map and models the process of diagnosis step by step. Working in small groups, students practice, monitor, and revise their strategies of clinical reasoning.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Quality of life in breast cancer patients--not enough attention for long-term survivors?

In a study of breast cancer survivors, the authors used the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer core questionnaire + breast module (EORTC QLQ-C30/+BR23) and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B)for the assessment of quality of life (QoL). The main focus of this study was to look at the effect of time elapsed since initial treatment on the patients' QoL. Eighty-seven female patients (average age of 53.9 +/- 8.7 years) were included in the study. All women had received curative cancer therapy. The average time elapsed since start of initial treatment was 4.7 +/- 4.3 years. Reduced QoL, especially in the areas of emotional, social, and sexual functioning, was found not only after initial treatment (1-2 years) but also after long posttreatment survival (> 5 years). From these findings, needs for specific psycho-oncological interventions are derived. The findings imply that besides recovering from the acute consequences of cancer therapy, long-term survivors of breast cancer (> 5 years after initial treatment) still may have a special need for psycho-oncological support.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determinants of health-related quality of life in coronary artery disease patients: a prospective study generating a structural equation model.

The authors used structural equation modeling to test a conceptual model of HRQL in coronary artery disease. The model, which included biomedical factors and individual and environmental characteristics, was tested in a multicenter group of 465 patients at three timepoints (baseline evaluation of chest pain and 1- and 3-month follow-ups). A satisfactory fit was obtained for the model over time. Depression and anxiety symptoms exerted the most significant influence on HRQL. HRQL and the mediating factors were found to be distinct phenomena. The authors concluded that mediating factors, especially depression and anxiety symptoms, should be taken into consideration in clinical routine if HRQL is regarded as a clinical outcome.

Chest Pain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Kinetic analysis of ligand-receptor association data that display an overshoot phenomenon.

A binding overshoot was frequently observed in the time course of association of diazepam with rat brain membrane receptors shortly after the start of the interaction. Such time profiles most likely reflect the "receptor switch" mechanism, assuming an equilibrium between two forms of a receptor (R and R*) that possess different affinities to the ligand (L) in question. Similar effects could be caused by the presence of a slowly dissociating competitor. The kinetics of these mechanisms were verified by simulation of theoretical time courses. A computer program for simulation of the time course, and estimation of rate constants of the individual reaction steps, was developed and is described in this communication. It employs the Euler-Cauchy integration for simulation of theoretical time courses. Optimised estimates of the rate constants were computed by simultaneous random variation of parameters within a pre-set interval. Stable solutions can be obtained for this system, thus enabling evaluation of equilibrium constants defined by the model. The source code is available in Turbo-Pascal. It can be used, after re-writing the rate equations, for fitting of similar kinetic models to suitable experimental data.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Body image of women with rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: Physical disabilities generally cause severe disturbances in a patient's body image perception. The aim of the present study was to investigate different aspects of body image, including sexual dissatisfaction, in women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in relation to their subjective impression of handicap. METHODS: Forty women with RA were investigated using a series of instruments: Strauss and Appelt's questionnaire for assessing one's body (1), the body perception scale of Paulus (2), and an interview focusing on appearance, worries about health and sickness, and sexual dissatisfaction. In addition, clinical parameters and the subjective extent of morning stiffness were documented, and patients with a high degree of morning stiffness were compared to patients with a low degree of morning stiffness. RESULTS: In contrast to patients with a low degree of morning stiffness, patients with a high degree of morning stiffness worried significantly more about their bodies (p < or = 0.05) and reported significantly more problems in sexuality (p < or = 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that morning stiffness plays a very important role in how severely a woman feels herself to be handicapped. Severely handicapped women have to deal with anxieties about health and have sexual problems. Physicians should not shy away from addressing these issues and in severe cases psychological therapy should be initiated.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Making a difference: immunizing infants and children.

Childhood immunizations, particularly for those under the age of two, is a major health issue. Since the measles epidemic in 1989-1991, the American Nurses Association/Foundation has collaborated with Every Child By Two (ECBT) to protect the nation's youngest from the ravages of vaccine preventable disease. Immunizations are the first line of prevention for infants and children. Healthy People 2000, together with the Presidential Administration's Childhood Immunization Initiative has mandated a goal of 90% immunizations for children under the age of two by the year 2000. As a nation, we are very close to meeting that goal.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Coping with stress and rheumatoid factor--a comparative study].

Forty-six seropositive female RA patients were compared to 28 seronegative female RA patients and 51 healthy women using the stress-coping questionnaire of Janke et al. (9). In comparison to healthy controls, patients with RA exhibit a stress-coping behavior characterized by more cognitive coping mechanisms, less self-accusation, less aggression, and less use of alcohol or pharmaca. They too use more substitutive gratification, a strategy which is used by seropositive patients even more than by seronegative patients. Further, compared to healthy controls and seronegative patients, seropositive patients describe more attempts to control their reactions in stress situations.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Caring for the adult patient undergoing anterior/posterior spinal fusion.

Adult patients with severe scoliosis are increasingly undergoing a combined anterior/posterior spinal fusion to correct the spinal deformity. If the scoliosis is thoracolumbar, a retroperitoneal approach and a thoracotomy are required. This combined surgical approach requires increased knowledge and assessment skills of the attending nurse. Included in this article is the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative management of the adult patient undergoing anterior/posterior spinal fusion.

Adult↗