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Biomedical subjects

M Konno

Publications and source records attributed to M Konno.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase variants: a unique variant (G6PD Kobe) showed an extremely increased affinity for galactose 6-phosphate and a new variant (G6PD Sapporo) resembling G6PD Pea Ridge.

Two new glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) variants associated with chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia were discovered, G6PD Kobe was found in a 16-year-old male associated with hemolytic crisis after upper respiratory infection. The enzyme activity of the variant was about 22% of that of the normal enzyme. The main enzymatic characteristics were slower than normal anodal electrophoretic mobility, high Km G6P, increased thermal-instability, an acidic pH optimum, and an extremely increased affinity for the substrate analogue, galactose 6-phosphate (Gal-6P). G6PD Sapporo was found in a 3-year-old male associated with drug-induced hemolysis. The enzyme activity was extremely low, being 3.6% of normal. In addition, this variant showed high Ki NADPH and thermal-instability. G6PD Kobe utilized the artificial substrate Gal-6P effectively as compared with the common natural substrate, glucose 6-phosphate. In G6PD Sapporo, NADPH could not exert the effect of product inhibition. The structural changes of these variants are expected to occur at the portions inducing conformational changes of the substrate binding site of the enzyme.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules in children.

We studied two cases of hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules in children. A 9-year-old girl and an 11-year-old girl had thyroid masses in otherwise nonpalpable thyroid glands. Scintiscan showed hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules. The former patient had elevated values for T4 and T3, and plasma thyrotropin (TSH) level failed to respond to stimulation with thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH), whereas the latter patient had normal values for T4, and T3 and plasma TSH response to TRH was normal. After the surgical removal of nodules, scintiscan exhibited radioactivity in the contralateral lobe of the thyroid gland in the former and in the ectopic thyroid tissue in the latter. Results of microscopic examinations of thyroid nodules were consistent with adenomatous goiter.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Evaluation of the time weighted average of air contaminants with special references to concentration fluctuation and biological half time.

Statistical parameters with carbon felt dosimetry are analyzed and new sampling criteria are presented based on the analysis. In cass where the mean of measured time-weighted averages is kept two times the unbiased standard deviation below the maximum permissible concentration-time weighted average (MPC-TWA) and the values above MPC-TWA are observed with a frequency of less than 5%, compliance is determined with a confidence limit of 95% provided the biological half time of the contaminant is longer than 4 hours.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1979

[Morphological studies on antibacterial activities of cefotiam (author's transl)].

1. Cefotiam was demonstrated to be more potent than cefazolin in its antibacterial activities against clinical isolates of E. coli, Klebsiella, Serratia, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus morganii and Proteus inconstans. MICs of cefotiam with 10(6) cells/ml inoculum size were considerably lower than those with 10(8) cells/ml. 2. Organisms lysed when exposed to cefotiam at concentrations higher than the MICs with 10(8) cells/ml. Morphological changes of organisms into filament occurred even at concentrations lower than the MICs with 10(6) cells/ml. This indicates that cefotiam is incorporated into organisms at remarkably low concentrations and exerts its antibacterial activities. 3. Cefotiam showed a high affinity for penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) 1A, 1Bs and 3. The formation of filament at low concentrations of cefotiam is possibly attributable to the high affinity of cefotiam for PBP 3 in addition to its high permeability through outer cell membrane. 4. As the antibacterial activities of cefotiam are displayed at lower concentrations, it is reasonable to consider that doses of cefotiam on clinical use can be reduced in comparison with those of conventional cephalosporins.

Cefazolin↗
PubMed1978

A study of surface markers in acute lymphocytic leukemia by using anti-T and anti-B lymphocyte sera.

Cell surface markers of 21 cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were studied with various surface markers, especially by using anti-human B lymphocyte serum (ABS), anti-human thymocyte serum (ATS-T) and anti-human peripheral T lymphocyte serum (ALS-T) which were rendered specific for human B lymphocytes, human thymocytes and human peripheral T lymphocytes. The proportion of cell types in ALL was null cell leukemia 38%, B cell leukemia 38% and T cell leukemia 24%, respectively. T-ALL cells were reactive to ATS-T but not to ALS-T, a fact which suggests their thymic origin. It should be noted that these anti-lymphocyte sera detected T or B marker antigens, even when other markers showed negative. Twelve patients with ALL were also investigated from their clinical pictures. Patients with B cell leukemia had severe signs of anemia and a higher grade of hepato-splenomegalies than other types in ALL. Patients with T cell leukemia were in older age levels and had a poorer prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

New plasmid (pTU512), mediating resistance to penicillin, erythromycin, and kanamycin, from clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus.

Multiply drug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from pediatric patients with severe staphylococcal infections in 1974 through 1976. Resistance to benzylpenicillin, erythromycin, and kanamycin was jointly eliminated without exception from these multiply drug-resistant strains by treatment with ethidium bromide. It was also found that the triple drug resistance in a representative strain, TK512-200, was always transduced to a susceptible strain simultaneously. Moreover, a single class of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid was isolated from a transductant and found to be 14.4 +/- 0.6 mum in length, with a molecular weight corresponding to 29.8 x 10(6). From these results, it is concluded that the plasmid (pTU512) is a new one, mediating resistance to penicillin, erythromycin, and kanamycin.

DNA, Circular↗
PubMed1978

A case of septo-optic dysplasia.

A child was reported here who has the hypoplastic optic nerve, absent septum pellucidum and endocrinological disorders. Growth hormone deficiency, antidiuretic hormone deficiency and mild hypothyroidism were observed. He has been treated with thyroid hormone and DDAVP.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1977

[Studies of sustained release cephalexin (S-6437) in pediatrics (author's transl)].

S-6437 is granule of sustained-release cephalexin which is prepared as longer acting cephalexin. Each gram of the granule contains 200 mg of cephalexin. Absorption and excretion study of this preparation was performed in 8 patients (3 school children, 3 infants and 2 babies). Mean blood levels of cephalexin following a single oral administration of 25 mg/kg in the school children, for instance, were 1.73, 2.47, 3.11, 2.28, 3.84 and 2.86 mcg/ml at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 hours, respectively. Fifty-two patients with acute respiratory tract infections were treated with this preparation and out of the 52, 33 were evaluable cases. The daily dose used was 50 mg/kg divided in two doses. Of the 33 patients 29 responded to this preparation showing 87.8% of effectiveness. Four patients who did not respond were 1 with acute pharyngitis, 2 with acute tonsillitis, and 1 with acute bronchitis. No severe side effects due to this preparation were observed.

Administration, Oral↗