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M Kondo

Publications and source records attributed to M Kondo.

At least 1,423 records · Page 79Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

SCE-129, antipseudomonal cephalosporin: in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities.

SCE-129 [3-(4-carbamoyl-1-pyridiniomethyl)-7beta-(d-alpha-sulfophenylacetamido)-ceph-3-em-4-carboxylate monosodium salt], a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, shows potent in vitro antibacterial activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and some gram-positive bacteria, whereas it shows lower activity against many gram-negative rods. Against clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa this cephalosporin exhibited higher activity than did carbenicillin, and against the strains of Staphylococcus aureus, SCE-129 had similar activity to carbenicillin. Variations in pH, addition of horse serum, and type of growth medium had no significant effects on the activity of the cephalosporin; however, the inoculum size had some effect on the activity. SCE-129 is an effective bactericidal agent against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. The protective effects of SCE-129 in mice infected with P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were more potent than those of carbenicillin. The protective effects of SCE-129 on Pseudomonas infection in mice varied according to the dosage schedule and the challenge dose. In a multiple dose schedule, a smaller amount of SCE-129 was necessary than that in a single dose schedule. The effects of SCE-129 after subcutaneous or intraperitoneal administration were more potent than were those by intravenous administration. No protective effect was observed by oral administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Comparative in vitro activities of SCE-129, sulbenicillin, gentamicin, and dibekacin against Pseudomonas.

Against sulbenicillin- and gentamicin-susceptible strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, SCE-129 was about 10 times more active than sulbenicillin and had a similar activity to gentamicin and dibekacin. Sulbenicillin-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa were moderately resistant to SCE-129, whether these strains were gentamicin-resistant or not. Gentamicin-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa were resistant to dibekacin but not to SCE-129. Against P. maltophilia, the minimum inhibitory concentration of SCE-129 resembled those of sulbenicillin, gentamicin, and dibekacin. Most strains of P. cepacia were moderately resistant to SCE-129 and sulbenicillin and highly resistant to gentamicin and dibekacin.

Cefsulodin↗
PubMed1978

Comparative in vivo activities of cefsulodin, sulbenicillin, and gentamicin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The in vivo activities of cefsulodin, sulbenicillin, and gentamicin were compared in mice infected intraperitoneally with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In mice infected with sulbenicillin- and gentamicin-susceptible strains, cefsulodin was about 12 to 60 times more active than sulbenicillin and had an activity similar to gentamicin. In mice, the activity of cefsulodin was independent whether the strains were resistant to gentamicin or not, but it was considerably affected by resistance of the strains to sulbenicillin.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

SCE-963, a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin: in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities.

SCE-963 {7beta-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)acetamido]-3-[({1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)- 1H-tetrazol-5-yl}thio)methyl]-ceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid}, a new semisynthetic cephalosporin, showed excellent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including Haemophilus influenzae, indole-positive Proteus, Enterobacter species, and Citrobacter freundii. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of SCE-963 against most strains of clinically isolated Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and Proteus mirabilis were within the range of 0.2 to 0.78 mug/ml. These activities were about 10 times more potent than those of cefazolin, cephaloridine, and cephalothin. Variations in pH, addition of horse serum, and type of growth medium had no significant effect on the activity of the cephalosporin, but the inoculum size elicited a considerable effect on the activity of beta-lactamase-producing strains of bacteria. SCE-963 exerted bactericidal and bacteriolytic effects on Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli. The pronounced in vitro activity was reflected in the remarkable protection in mice infected with a wide range of gram-negative bacteria, such as E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus morganii, and Proteus rettgeri. The protective effects of SCE-963 in mice infected with E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and P. vulgaris varied according to the challenge dose. The activity of SCE-963 was far more potent when the drug was administered parenterally rather than orally.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Hemorrhagic necrosis of the intestinal mucosa associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), experimentally induced by endotoxin, caused severe hemorrhagic necrosis of the intestinal mucosa in dogs. Microscopic observation showed tortuous thrombus formation in the microcirculation of the villi. Ligation of the pancreatic and bile ducts, or administration of heparin protected the mucosa from hemorrhagic necrosis, while systemic administration of tranexamic acid increased the intestinal mucosal lesion. Local pretreatment of the intestinal mucosa by Trasylol or tranexamic acid reduced the degree of hemorrhagic necrosis. It is concluded that intravascular coagulation in the microcirculation of the intestinal mucosa, as well as pancreatic proteases, play a role in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic necrosis in the intestine associated with DIC.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Anti-fibrinolytic therapy of giant hypertrophic gastritis (Menetrier's disease).

In five cases of giant hypertrophic gastritis (Menetrier's disease) biopsied gastric mucosa was examined for fibrinolytic activity; in all cases there was marked elevation of the activity due mainly to tissue plasminogen activator. The patients were given antifibrinolytic therapy with oral tranexamic acid (trans-4-aminomethyl cyclohexane carboxylic acid; trans-AMCHA), and four of the patients showed marked improvement of their hypoproteinemia as well as their mucosal disorders. One patient, who showed moderate increase of serum protein level but no reduction of the mucosal disorder, finally received gastrectomy. It was concluded that antifibrinolytic therapy seemed to block the vicious circle of 'membrane disorders', 'increased tissue fibrinolysis', 'increased vascular permeability' and 'hypoproteinemia' in Menetrier's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Absorption, distribution and excretion of SCE-963, a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin, in mice, rats, rabbits and dogs.

A single dose of 20 mg/kg of SCE-963 [7beta-]2-(aminothiazol-4-yl)acetamido]-3-[[[1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-1H-tetrazol-5-yl]thio]methyl]ceph-3-em-4-carboxylic acid] was administered subcutaneously to mice, intramuscularly to rats, rabbits and dogs. Plasma and tissue levels of SCE-963 reached a peak in 15 approximately 30 minutes after administration. In mice, rats and dogs, SCE-963 was distributed at high concentration in the descending order in the kidney, liver, plasma, lung and spleen, and in rabbits, in the kidney, plasma, lung, liver and spleen. The SCE-963 levels in the liver of mice, rats and dogs were higher than those of cefazolin, cephaloridine and cephalothin. The plasma and tissue levels of SCE-963 in mice and rats diminished rapidly, but those in rabbits and dogs declined gradually. SCE-963 was mainly excreted in the urine. The rate of excretion of SCE-963 in the bile was two to three times higher than that of cefazolin.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Absorption, distribution and excretion of cefsulodin, an antipseudomonal cephalosporin, in mice, rats and dogs.

A single dose of 20 mg/kg of cefsulodin [3-(4-carbamoyl-1-pyridiniomethyl)-7 beta-(D-alpha-sulfophenylacetamido)-ceph-3-em-4-carboxylate monosodium salt] was administered subcutaneously to mice, and intramuscularly to rats and dogs. The plasma and tissue levels reached the peak 15 approximately 30 minutes after administration. In mice and rats, no plasma levels were measurable 2 and 4 hours after administration. In dogs, the plasma levels were measurable 6 hours after administration. The level in the kidney of mice was slightly lower than the plasma level, while in rats and dogs, the level in the kidney was higher than the plasma level. The cefsulodin levels in the lung of rats and dogs were relatively high, and the level in mice was relatively low. The hepatic levels were very low in all test animal species. Cefsulodin was mainly excreted into the urine, and the excretion of cefsulodin into the bile was very slight.

Animals↗