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Biomedical subjects

M Kondo

Publications and source records attributed to M Kondo.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Airway epithelial beta 3-adrenergic receptor--effect on bioelectric properties and its mechanism of action].

To characterize the "atypical" beta-adrenergic receptor (beta 3-adrenergic receptor) and its action on ion transport across airway mucosa, we measured the bioelectric properties of canine cultured tracheal epithelium under short-circuited conditions in vitro. Submucosal but mucosal addition of BRL37344, a selective beta 3-adrenergic agonist, increased short-circuit current (Isc) in a dose-dependent fashion, the EC50 value being 30 fold higher than that of isoproterenol. This effect on Isc was accompanied by the accumulation of intracellular cyclic AMP, and it was abolished by diphenylamine-2-carboxylate, bumetanide, and Cl-free medium, but not by amiloride. Pretreatment of cell with beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic antagonists greatly reduced the Isc response to isoproterenol, whereas it had little effect on the BRL37344-induced response. In addition, the increase in Isc produced by BRL37344 was competitively antagonized by cyanopindolol, but pA2 was significantly different from the case of isoproterenol. These results suggest that beta 3-adrenergic receptors exist on airway epithelium, and may stimulate Cl secretion across the airway mucosa via accumulation of intracellular cyclic AMP.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1992

[Role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and active oxygen species in hyperthermia--antitumor effect of hyperthermia combined with rhG-CSF].

We have reported that polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and active oxygen species from PMN may play an important role in the mechanism of the antitumor effect of hyperthermia. At this time, we focused our experimental studies on rat AH109A carcinoma treated with hyperthermia combined with arterial injection of rhG-CSF. Rats with transplantable AH109A carcinoma at the hind leg received hyperthermia. These tumors showed mild suppression of further development only by hyperthermia. However, when arterial injection of rhG-CSF was applied together with hyperthermia, marked suppression of tumor development was observed. Our data suggest that hyperthermia combined with rhG-CSF is closely related to the generation of free radical-mediated tumor cell killing, and it can be an effective treatment for cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and active oxygen species in hyperthermia--enhancing effect of G-CSF on superoxide generation from PMN].

We examined in vitro the effect of G-CSF and temperature on superoxide (O2-) generation by Cypridina luciferin analog (CLA) dependent chemiluminescence. PMN significantly generated O2- at the concentration of G-CSF 25 ng/ml or more at 37 degrees C within the range of 0.1 from 1,000 ng/ml. O2- generation from PMN was remarkably enhanced, stimulated by opsonized zymosan (OZ) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), at 41 degrees C as compared with 37 degrees C. O2- generation was enhanced with the addition of 25 ng/ml of G-CSF at 41 degrees C as compared to without it at 41 degrees C. A significant enhancement of O2- generation from PMN was observed at 25 ng/ml G-CSF and 41 degrees C.

Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor↗
PubMed1992

[Clinicopathological review of Japanese cases with neoplastic angioendotheliosis].

The patient was a 76-year-old female who had been referred to our hospital because of fever of unknown origin on October 15, 1987. On admission, the body temperature was 38.6 degrees C and atonic palsy of the left upper limb was noted. Abnormal laboratory findings included CRP5+, an increase in LDH, Hb 7.9 g/dl. The cause of the fever could not be identified. The fever did not respond to various treatment. The patient developed DIC in late October and died on November 5. In autopsy histological examination revealed tumor cells in the vessels of the generalized organs. A diagnosis of neoplastic angioendotheliosis (NAE) and immunohistologically B lymphoma was made. We reviewed the literature on 37 Japanese cases of NAE. The cases, consisting of 19 males and 18 females, were aged 37-87 years with a median value of 60 years. The symptoms observed during the course were most frequently mental or neurological symptoms and fever, and rash was uncommon. Laboratory findings were non-specific and biopsy was needed for definitive diagnosis. By autopsy, lesions were noted more frequently in the brain, kidneys, and lungs, and the findings in the skin were indeterminate. These observations suggest that when NAE should be considered, kidney, lung or skin biopsy should be performed for definitive diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical usefulness of the measurement of type-II procollagen carboxypeptide (C-II propeptide, pColl-II-C) in synovial fluid as a marker of collagen metabolism in cartilage].

Type-II procollagen-C-peptide (pColl-II-C) in synovial fluids was studied in 319 patients with osteoarthritis (OA; 151), rheumatoid arthritis (RA; 141), traumatic arthritis (TA; 27) and 15 healthy volunteers using the newly developed ELISA kit. The mean levels of pColl-II-C in synovial fluids of healthy controls, OA, TA, and RA were 0.3 +/- 0.1 ng/ml, 5.9 +/- 0.3 ng/ml, 6.8 +/- 1.4 ng/ml and 1.1 +/- 0.1 ng/ml, respectively. pColl-II-C levels in synovial fluids of OA and TA were significantly higher compared to those of healthy controls and RA. It was also demonstrated that pColl-II-C levels could reflect the quantitative and qualitative change of cartilage metabolism. Therefore, the quantification of this molecule in synovial fluid could be beneficial to know the synthetic activity of type II collagen of chondrocytes, since pColl-II-C is a part of the precursor molecule of type II collagen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Amrinone reverses cardiac depression by enflurane in the dog].

To evaluate the interaction of amrinone with inhalational anesthetics, cardiovascular effects of amrinone were investigated in nine mongrel dogs anesthetized with enflurane. Each dog received enflurane and amrinone in the following sequence: 1) 2% enflurane alone, 2) continuous infusion of 20 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 during enflurane, 3) 40 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 infusion during enflurane. Amrinone 40 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 during enflurane anesthesia improved the maximum left ventricular dP/dt, stroke volume and decreased effective arterial elastance (Ea) without changes in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and heart rate. Left ventricular pressure (LVP) and systolic femoral arterial pressure were stable, but diastolic femoral arterial pressure decreased significantly from enflurane anesthesia alone. These parameters at 20 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 of amrinone infusion during enflurane showed the same tendency with 40 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 infusion but not significantly different from enflurane alone. This result suggests that amrinone may be beneficial in the patients with depression of cardiac performance during anesthesia.

Amrinone↗
PubMed1992

[Laboratory and clinical studies on panipenem/betamipron in the field of pediatrics].

Laboratory and clinical studies on panipenem/betamipron (PAPM/BP), a new carbapenem antibiotic, were carried out in the field of pediatrics and the following results were obtained. 1. The antibacterial activities of panipenam (PAPM) against clinically isolated organisms in our department were high overall. 2. After 30 minutes intravenous infusion of PAPM/BP at a dose of 10 mg/10 mg/kg in 1 and of 20 mg/20 mg/kg in 2 children, peak plasma levels of PAPM ranged from 33.21 to 75.66 micrograms/ml at the end of the infusion. The half-lives were 0.81 to 0.93 hours. The cumulative urinary recovery rates in the first 6 hours after the start of drip infusion ranged from 10.7 to 40.4%. 3. PAPM/BP was administered to 16 pediatric patients with various infections. The clinical and bacteriological efficacy rates were both 100%. 4. No side effects were observed. Abnormal laboratory test results were also mild; slight elevation of GOT, GOT/GPT and eosinophylia in 1 each and thrombocytosis in 2.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

[Laboratory and clinical studies on meropenem in pediatrics].

Laboratory and clinical studies on meropenem (MEPM), a new carbapenem antibiotic, were carried out in the field of pediatrics. The results obtained are summarized below. 1. The antibacterial activities of MEPM against clinically isolated organisms in our department were generally high. 2. After 30 minutes intravenous drip infusion of MEPM at a dose of 20 mg/kg to 2 children, the mean peak plasma level of MEPM was 32.7 micrograms/ml at the end of infusion with a mean half-life of 1.45 hours. The mean cumulative urinary recovery rate in the first 6 hours after infusion was 43.6%. 3. Fifteen patients with various bacterial infections were treated with MEPM. The clinical efficacy rate was 100% and the bacteriological efficacy rate was 95.2%. 4. No side effects were observed except in 1 case of mild diarrhea. Some abnormal laboratory test results were obtained, but they were mild with slight elevations of GOT and GPT in 2 cases.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1992

[The relationship between ploidy and morphological classification of human megakaryocytes].

The relation between polyploidy and morphological classification of human megakaryocytes was studied in bone marrow aspirates from five normal individuals. On a Wright-Giemsa stained smear, megakaryocytes were morphologically classified into four groups according to a modification of Feinendegen's classification which is considered to reflect megakaryocyte maturation. The DNA of the morphologically classified cell is measured by microcytofluorometry using DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining after removing the Wright-Giemsa stain. Most of the normal megakaryocytes were classified into type III (mature megakaryocytes) and the maximum peak in population of the megakaryocyte ploidy was observed at 16N. In each individual, the ploidy showed a similar pattern regardless of the classification. These findings suggest that the development of ploidy depends on a factor different from the one that determined the megakaryocyte maturation of cytoplasm and the ploidy is determined at the level of a megakaryocyte precursor or the most juvenile megakaryocyte.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Rapid detection of mycobacteria in sputa using media supplemented with culture filtrate of Gemella haemolysans].

The effect of the culture filtrate Gemella haemolysans in enhancing mycobacterial growth has been previously demonstrated. In the present studies, an attempt was made to confirm whether the addition of the filtrate into the medium would be an effective method to promote the rapid detection of mycobacteria in sputum specimens of patients. One-hundred and one sputum specimens pretreated with NaOH were inoculated with various media (Dubos, Dubos-agar, 1% Ogawa, Kudo PD, and Middlebrook 7H9) supplemented with the culture filtrate of Gemella haemolysans grown in blood-BHI or blood-HEM at the dilutions of 1/32 or 1/64. Addition of the filtrate reduced the amount of time required to detect mycobacterial growth (Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. avium complex, and M. kansassi) by an average of 60-70%. The media containing the filtrate formed significantly larger numbers of colonies compared with the control media, and those colonies inoculated developed more rapidly in size. The findings clearly indicated that the culture filtrate promotes the effective growth of mycobacteria which cannot or only slowly grows in ordinary media. Also indicated was that the addition of the culture filtrate of Gemella haemolysans into media provides as a useful tool to allow the rapid diagnosis of mycobacterial diseases.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1992

[Freeze-fracture and deep etch replica of monkey ciliary muscle].

The author observed freeze fracture and deep etch replica of monkey ciliary muscle in order to study it's fine three dimensional structure. A three dimensional structure of the ciliary muscle cell and the relationship between the adjoining cells were elucidated. A lot of myofilaments which were meshy in shape were observed in the cytoplasm of ciliary muscle cells, and adhered to just beneath the cell membrane, nucleus membrane and limiting membrane of mitochondria directly. The arrangement direction of myofilaments was either parallel or oblique to the longitudinal axis of the cell, and then myofilaments formed dense bodies together with 10 nm filaments in some places. Myofilaments and 10 nm filaments also formed dense plaques together just beneath the cell membrane. Myofilaments and 10 nm filaments suggested to concern the cytoskeleton and the functional characteristics of the ciliary muscle cell.

Actin Cytoskeleton↗
PubMed1992

Biodegradation of aniline and abundance of potential degraders in river waters.

Total dissolved organic carbon (TOC), number of colony forming units (CFU), and total direct count (TDC) were compared to the biodegradation of aniline and the number of potential degraders in water samples from head waters to down stream of the Ina River and several other sites of rivers traversing Osaka city. The results indicate that aniline degrading populations of these various microbial communities exhibit different activities probably depending on the extent of adaptation to pollutants to which the microbes are exposed. The number of aniline degraders found in river water samples was in agreement with other parameters which were used to demonstrate the degree of pollution in river water even though higher biodegradability was evident in waters which show comparatively low TOC and CFU. These results suggest that biodegradation of aniline and enumeration of its potential degraders may serve as valuable indicators for the assessment of pollution in river waters.

Aniline Compounds↗
PubMed1992

[A case of optic neuritis associated with anticardiolipin antibodies].

We reported a case of optic neuritis with the persistence of severe visual loss and central scotoma in a 26-year-old woman who was proven to have biologic false positive test for syphilis, and the elevated serum titres of IgG and IgM anticardiolipin antibodies. C.S.F. findings showed the absence of oligoclonal bands and the presence of IgM anticardiolipin antibody. She was treated twice at intervals of two weeks with methylprednisolone 1000 mg intravenously daily for three days (pulse therapy), and was started on oral prednisolone 60 mg daily which tapered gradually. After the second treatment of the pulse therapy, her visual acuity was improved remarkably and the titre of anticardiolipin antibodies became normal. Her clinical course seemed to be different from that of the optic neuritis of multiple sclerosis, in which many of patients recover near normal visual acuity after a first attack. We suggested that antiphospholipid antibodies might play a role in the etiology of her optic neuritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Timolol movement across isolated iris-ciliary body of albino rabbit.

The outward (from the aqueous to the stromal side) and the inward (from the stromal to the aqueous side) movement of [14C]timolol across the isolated iris-ciliary body of the albino rabbit were studied using Ussing's chamber under short-circuit conditions and timolol concentrations of 0.025-60 microM. The tissue permeability in both directions decreased gradually as the timolol concentration was increased, while at higher concentrations tissue permeability was almost constant. This finding indicated that the timolol movement in both directions consists of passive diffusion and a possibly active mechanism, with the former contributing mainly at higher concentrations. The tissue permeability for passive diffusion was calculated as 7.2 x 10(-6) cm/second. The outward timolol movement by a possibly active mechanism was saturated against the concentrations tested. In addition, the outward timolol movement was significantly reduced by ouabain, 2,4-dinitrophenol and low temperature. These results suggested that the non-passive component of the outward timolol movement was carrier-mediated active transport, and Lineweaver-Burk plots gave the half-saturation concentration (Km) value of 0.098 microM. On the other hand, the inward timolol movement by a possible active mechanism was not saturated. Neither ouabain nor 2,4-dinitrophenol inhibited it. Thus the non-passive component of the inward timolol movement was thought to be different from that of the outward movement.

2,4-Dinitrophenol↗
PubMed1991

Activin receptor mRNA is expressed early in Xenopus embryogenesis and the level of the expression affects the body axis formation.

Activin is a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) and possesses various activities in cellular control phenomena. During Xenopus embryonic development, activin is thought to act as a natural mesoderm-inducing factor. We isolated here the Xenopus activin receptor cDNA from Xenopus tadpole cDNA library and examined the expression of the Xenopus activin receptor gene during the course of early embryonic development. The Xenopus activin receptor has an 87% homology at the level of deduced amino acid sequence with the mouse activin receptor, and using the cDNA obtained, three bands of mRNA with different lengths were detected in Xenopus embryos throughout early embryogenesis. We synthesized activin receptor mRNA in vitro and tested the effect of the injection of the mRNA into Xenopus fertilized eggs on subsequent development. When the synthetic mRNA was injected into uncleaved fertilized eggs, embryos with reduced trunk structure were formed. However, when the mRNA was injected into the ventral blastomeres at the 16-cell stage, embryos with a secondary body axis were formed. These results indicate the importance of the function of activin receptor in the regulatory mechanism for body axis formation.

Activin Receptors↗
PubMed1991

The antioxidant properties of a novel zinc-carnosine chelate compound, N-(3-aminopropionyl)-L-histidinato zinc.

A zinc-carnosine chelate compound, Z-103, attenuates gastric mucosal injuries and inhibits the increase of lipid peroxide in the gastric mucosa induced by burn shock or ischemia-reperfusion. However, the exact mechanism of the antioxidative effect of Z-103 is not clear. The antioxidant properties of a novel anti-peptic ulcer agent Z-103 in vitro were compared with those of zinc ion and L-carnosine. Z-103 scavenged superoxide anion radicals. Z-103 and ZnSO4, but not L-carnosine, inhibited the superoxide generation from polymorphonuclear leukocytes stimulated by opsonized zymosan, and also inhibited the generation of hydroxyl radicals by the Fenton reaction. The increase of lipid peroxides produced by rat brain homogenates and liver microsomes was also inhibited by Z-103 and ZnSO4. These findings indicate that the strong anti-ulcer and antioxidative actions of Z-103 in vivo are due to a combination of these antioxidant actions in vitro.

Anti-Ulcer Agents↗