[A case of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by repeated arterial infusion chemotherapy of 5-FU, LV, CDDP with an implanted reservoir].
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
M Kondo
Publications and source records attributed to M Kondo.
Lymphoid development from hematopoietic stem cells.
Mechanisms and pathways for commitment to the lymphoid lineage from hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) remain controversial. The interleukin-7 receptor (IL-7R) transduces nonredundant signals for both T- and B-cell development. Recently, we identified a clonogenic common lymphoid progenitor population in mouse bone marrow that can give rise to T, B, and natural killer (NK) cells, but lacks myeloid differentiation capacity. These cells are not self-renewing stem cells, but progenitors that have a limited life span. HSC do not express IL-7R, and the upregulation of the IL-7R occurs at the stage of common lymphoid progenitors. The IL-7R mediates nonredundant signals to reinforce the survival of developing T cells, and to promote rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in B-cell progenitors. Thus, common lymphoid progenitors exist in early hematopoiesis, and expression of the IL-7R is a critical step in the initiation of lymphoid development from HSC.
Animals↗
Ebstein's anomaly associated with trisomy 9p.
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Abnormalities, Multiple↗
[A case report of concomitant operation of minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass and left lower lobectomy].
A 72-year-old man was admitted complaining of laryngeal discomfort. A coronary angiogram showed a total occlusion of the LAD, a 90% stenosis of the 1st diagonal branch and well-developed collaterals from the LCX to the LAD. A chest X-ray showed a consolidation with unclear border at the left hilus of the lung. A lung biopsy through the bronchus revealed an adenocarcinoma of the left lower lung. He underwent a concomitant CABG operation without a cardiopulmonary bypass and a left lower lobectomy with lymph node dissection. The CABG was performed by left anterior small thoracotomy in the supine position and the lobectomy was performed by left posterolateral thoracotomy in the right lateral position. An intraoperative postural conversion was useful to obtain a good field in each operation and to prevent hemodynamic deterioration due to heart compression.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 in carcinoma of the pancreas.
The level of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 has been investigated recently in various human carcinomas. In the present study, we examined the distribution and extent of COX-2 protein in human pancreatic tumors using immunohistochemistry. A strong expression of COX-2 protein was present in 23 of 52 (44%) pancreatic carcinomas, a moderate expression was present in 24 of 52 (46%) pancreatic carcinomas, and a weak expression was present in 5 of 52 (10%) pancreatic carcinomas. In contrast, benign tumors showed weak expression or no expression of COX-2, and only islet cells displayed COX-2 expression in normal pancreatic tissues. Overexpression of COX-2 in carcinoma tissues was also confirmed by Western blot analysis. Furthermore, consistent with the results at protein levels, reverse transcription-PCR analyses indicated that COX-2 mRNA was overexpressed in 7 of 13 (54%) carcinomas, but in none of 3 benign tumors. Our findings suggest that COX-2 inhibitors might be potentially effective against pancreatic carcinomas and that COX-2 may be involved in certain biological processes in pancreatic islets.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[X-linked sideroblastic anemia].
A 20-year-old man presented with microcytic hypochromic anemia (hemoglobin: 9.3 g/dl, MCV: 82.0 fl, MCHC: 29.5 g/dl) and dimorphism RBCs in circulating blood (RDW: 26.8%). Ringed sideroblasts accounted for 29.5% of bone marrow erythroblasts. Iron overload was also observed. Because the patient had a clear family history of anemia, he was given a diagnosis of X-linked sideroblastic anemia. The activity of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALAS) in bone marrow erythroblasts was low. However, we did not detect mutation of the gene for ALAS. The patient has responded well to a treatment regimen consisting of oral vitamin B6, Fe-chelation therapy, and phlebotomy.
Adult↗
[The survey of HIV infection among clients of foreign female prostitutes in Tokyo Metropolitan].
OBJECTIVES: It is important to elucidate the risks to foreign female prostitutes of HIV infection from their clients. We determined the prevalence of HIV among clients of foreign female prostitutes using anonymous testing of condom semen samples. METHODS: A total of 250 client condom semen samples were collected with client age and nationality by 15 Latin American and 37 Thai female prostitutes in Tokyo from March to May 1995. We screened by ELISA (GENELAVIA MIXT, Pasteur Sanofi Diagnostics) for antibody to HIV 1 and 2, and then confirmed by Western Blot (LAV Blot 1, LAV Blot 2, Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur) and distinguished by Immuno Blot PEPTI-LAV 1, 2, (Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur). RESULTS: The nationality of customers was reported as Japanese (74.8%), Iranian (7.6%), Pakistan (5.6%), Indian (2.8%), Taiwanese (2.0%), and Chinese (1.2%) with other nationalities less than 1.0%. Estimated age categories of the clients were < 20 (1.2%), 20-29 (41.2%), 30-39 (36.4%), 40-49 (12.4%), > or = 50 (6.4%) and undetermined (2.4%). Of the 250 samples collected, only 219 were sufficient for testing. Two samples (0.90%, 95% CI = 0.4-2.2%) were HIV 1 positive, both from Japanese clients (1.2% of Japanese clients, 95% CI = 0.5-2.9%). These data suggested that the prevalence of HIV in clients of female prostitutes was relatively high, and can be considered a risk group in Japan. The sentinel surveillance by anonymous of client condom semen samples is a very useful method to quantify HIV prevalence in this risk group.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
Amplitude increase of the multifocal electroretinogram during light adaptation.
PURPOSE: To determine using the multifocal ERG technique whether there are any regional differences in the increase in the amplitude of cone electroretinograms (ERGs) during light adaptation. METHODS: Multifocal ERGs were recorded with the Visual Evoked Response Imaging System from five normal subjects. Thirty-seven hexagonal stimulus elements and a recording time of 60 seconds were used. After 20 minutes of dark adaptation, multifocal ERGs were repeatedly recorded every 2 minutes over a period of 16 minutes. The amplitudes of the multifocal ERGs at different eccentricities were compared during the 16 minutes of light adaptation. RESULTS: During the 16 minutes of light adaptation, the summed responses of the multifocal ERGs increased in amplitude an average of 36% and 47% for the negative and positive components, respectively. The magnitude of increase was minimal in the central retina at 22% and was significantly larger in the peripheral retina at 58%. The implicit time was slightly increased (<4%) with light adaptation, but there were no regional differences. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrated that there are topographic variations in the amplitude increase of cone ERGs during light adaptation. This topographic variation indicates that the mechanism for the increase must be based on known regional differences in the retina.
Adaptation, Ocular↗
Blue-on-yellow perimetry in the complete type of congenital stationary night blindness.
PURPOSE: To resolve the discrepancy between nonrecordable full-field short wavelength cone electroretinograms (S-cone ERGs) and the presence of normal color vision in patients with the complete type of congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB1). METHODS: Conventional white-on-white (W-W) perimetry, blue-on-yellow (B-Y) perimetry, and the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue test were performed in five patients with CSNB1. Diagnosis of CSNB1 was made by clinical and electrophysiological examinations. Twelve normal, age-matched control subjects and an additional 7 normal, highly myopic subjects were tested. RESULTS: Color vision was normal in all the CSNB1 patients by the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue test. B-Y perimetry demonstrated that blue cone sensitivity in CSNB1 was normal in the fixation area, but the mean sensitivities of the entire 60 degrees field, the central 0 degrees-to-15 degrees, and 15 degrees-to-30 degrees ring were significantly decreased compared with the normal and myopic subjects. The sensitivity difference between 15 degrees-to-30 degrees and 0 degrees-to-15 degrees in B-Y perimetry increased significantly in CSNB1 compared with both normal and myopic control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Our perimetric results demonstrated that the S-cone function in CSNB1 is preserved only in the fovea and becomes abnormal toward the peripheral retina. This accounts for the normal color vision that tests mainly foveal function and the nonrecordable S-cone ERGs that arise mainly from peripheral retina.
Adolescent↗
[delta-Aminolevulinate synthase (ALAS)].
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5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase↗
[Porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD)].
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Humans↗
[A case report of hepatocellular carcinoma with hepatic and portal venous tumor thrombus and multiple intrahepatic metastasis who survived over 1 year after the operation with combined locoregional chemotherapy].
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with vascular invasion and/or intrahepatic metastasis (IM) has a poor prognosis, so advanced HCC may be considered as a contraindication for hepatectomy. We experienced a case of HCC with hepatic venous and portal venous tumor thrombus and multiple IM who survived over 1 year after the operation with combined locoregional chemotherapy. (Case): A 67-year-old male patient was diagnosed with HCC with extracapsular invasion after transarterial embolization (TAE). CT scan revealed the HCC had a right portal venous tumor thrombus and multiple IM. Posterior lobectomy and thrombectomy of hepatic venous and portal venous tumor thrombus and placement of portal venous catheter ware performed. From the first day after operation the patient received continuous intravenous and intraportal 5-FU for 3 weeks. At the first month after operation, TAE and PEIT were given against residual IM. After discharge the patient received hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (MTX/CDDP/5-FU/Leucovorin). Fourteen months after operation, the patient is surviving in good physical condition.
Aged↗
[Factors influencing residual renal function of CAPD patients].
It is generally accepted that residual renal function has significant meaning in dialysis adequacy of CAPD patients. However, the factors influencing the residual renal function have not been investigated yet. We evaluated the consequences of following factors on residual urine volume in 50 CAPD patients: deterioration rate of renal function (slope of I/serum creatinine) before dialysis, renal creatinine clearance at the initial point of dialysis and the episodes of rapid reduction of residual urine volume. There was no correlation between the deterioration rate of renal function before dialysis and the residual urine volume. On the contrary, there was significant correlation between renal creatinine clearance at the initial point of dialysis and the residual urine volume in the first 4 years on CAPD. We recognized 67 episodes of rapid reduction of residual urine volume after initiation of CAPD. Inappropriate management or complications attributed to the rapid urine volume reduction in 50 episodes. The residual urine volume did not recover to the previous level in 40 episodes. We concluded that early initiation of CAPD and evasion of decreasing residual urine volume caused by inappropriate management or complications have important meaning and will preserve residual renal function of CAPD patients.
Adult↗
Increased expression of COX-2 in nontumor liver tissue is associated with shorter disease-free survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Recent studies have shown increased levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in a variety of human malignancies including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but little is known about the prognostic value of COX-2 in HCC or its associated nontumor liver tissue. We examined the expression of COX-2 protein by immunohistochemistry in 53 patients with HCCs whose corresponding nontumor tissues were hepatitis C virus-related chronic hepatitis (n = 21) and cirrhosis (n = 32). Samples of nine histologically normal livers and eight precancerous dysplasias were also analyzed. The level of COX-2 increased from normal liver to chronic hepatitis to cirrhosis. The majority of cirrhotic livers (81%) displayed marked COX-2 expression. In dysplasias, COX-2 expression was mainly moderate or strong (88%). In HCC, 17% of samples displayed a high COX-2 expression, and 37% of samples expressed COX-2 at a moderate level. Concordant results were obtained with reverse transcription-PCR and Western blot analyses. Clinicopathological survey indicated a significant correlation between COX-2 expression and differentiated carcinoma (P = 0.019). Although there was no correlation between COX-2 expression in HCC and prognosis, a striking difference was found between COX-2 expression in nontumor tissue and shorter disease-free survival (P = 0.0132). Moreover, high COX-2 expression in nontumor tissue was significantly correlated with the presence of active inflammation (P < 0.0001). The present findings suggest that COX-2 expression in nontumor tissue may play a positive role in relapse of HCC after surgery.
Blotting, Western↗
[Antibodies to GM1 and GQ1b gangliosides].
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Autoantibodies↗
[Role of irradiation in breast conservation therapy for breast cancer].
Despite a worldwide consensus on the indication for breast conservation therapy (BCT), the proportion of patients treated with BCT in Japan was only 29.2% in 1997. Indications of BCT and opinions against increasing the number of BCT in Japan are discussed along with the concept of evidence-based medicine (EBM). It is evident that in Japan as well, 70% to 90% of patients with breast cancer can be treated with BCT. The main aim of irradiation in BCT is to reduce inbreast recurrences (IBR), and randomized controlled trials have confirmed that irradiation to the breast reduces IBR. Currently, much concern is being directed to the issue of surgical margins in partial mastectomy, i.e., the definition of positivity of margins and how to treat margin-positive cases. The role of boost irradiation to the tumor bed and irradiation to lymph node areas are also discussed.
Breast Neoplasms↗
Gene transfer in vitro and in vivo with Epstein-Barr virus-based episomal vector results in markedly high transient expression in rodent cells.
The EBV-based plasmid vectors, which carry oriP and EBNA1 gene from EBV genome, can be retained in the nucleus and replicate in human cells. Rodent cells are not permissive for the EBV plasmids, in terms of the plasmid replication. However, the EBV vector facilitates not only the long term maintenance of the plasmid but also high level gene expression at a transient phase after transfection. It has not been elucidated if rodent cells show this high level transient expression. We demonstrate that rodent cells transfected with an EBV vector expressed a marker gene more intensively than those with a conventional plasmid vector did. The high marker gene expression was also seen in rat myocardium injected in vivo with the EBV plasmid. The present data indicate that the EBNA1-oriP system functions in "non-permissive" rodent cells at transient phase, and may require different cellular factor(s) for the transient expression and plasmid replication.
Animals↗