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Biomedical subjects

M Kombila

Publications and source records attributed to M Kombila.

103 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Breast-feeding and intestinal parasites].

The extent of intestinal parasitic infection was determined using 4 methods of fecal examination in 400 Gabonese infants aged 0.5 to 24 months (86 exclusively and 151 partially breast-fed and 163 artificially fed) and in 170 of their mothers in an African urban community. Parasitic prevalence was the same in the stools of the mothers from the 3 infant groups, providing evidence for the same level of exposure to parasites in all infants. Exclusively and partially breast-fed infants excreted parasites in numbers significantly lower than artificially fed infants of the same ages, during the first and the second years of life. This antiparasitic activity of human milk concerned mostly Giardia and ascaris, was not exclusively due to a decreased exposure to parasites in breast-fed infants and did not seem exclusively antibody-mediated; the role of lipids is possible.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[An unusual localization of chromoblastomycosis].

Most African cases of chromoblastomycosis present with lesions on the arms or legs. We report the case of a 48 years old man, a retired professional hunter, living in the Haut-Ogooué province of Gabon. The patient presented with extensive lesions of the upper thorax and left shoulder but none on the limbs. Direct examination of crusts and skin biopsies revealed spherical, septated, pigmented bodies. Fonsecaea pedrosoï was isolated in culture. The patient was treated with ketoconazole (400 mg per day). After 9 months of treatment, improvement was noted but cure had not been achieved.

Chromoblastomycosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevalence of human filariasis with microfilaremia in Gabon].

Direct examinations of blood and serologic tests were used to assess the intensity of the filarial endemicity in Gabon. Both methods revealed that the prevalence of filariasis with microfilaremia (Loa loa and Dipetalonema perstans) is presently very elevated. The areas that are more involved are the forest regions as well as the highest ones (ogoue, Lolo, Ngounie). Women appeared to be suffering from loasis to a lesser extent than men. On the other hand, the prevalence was identical for Dipetalonema perstans. For the gabonese population one can approximately say that 3 out of 5 adults patients have filariasis, two being D. perstans and one L. loa. Consequently these affections represent a major public health problem. Finally one must note that no case of lymphatic filariasis has been identified.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Five cases of chromomycosis in Gabon (author's transl)].

Five cases of chromomycosis were studied in the parasitological and mycological department of the National Laboratory and C.U.S.S. in Libreville (Gabon). Different types of lesions were observed which were more often maculous than verrucous. In one case, it was localized on the upper limb, and in four cases on the lower limbs. They all were diagnosed after a 2 to 25 years evolution. Fonsecaea pedrosoï was isolated in every case. Direct examinations always recovered the classical scleratic cells : in one case it was budding, and in two cases abundant mycelium was seen. No epidemiological argument can explain the geographical distribution.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mebendazole and intestinal nematodiasis in Gabon. Tolerance and efficacy in single and multiple doses].

Mebendazole was given following the classical regimen i. e. a three days course with a single intake per day for patients suffering from intestinal nematodosias in Gabon. Efficiency which is remarkable on this three days basis proved to be insufficient however for ankylostomiasis with a single intake per day. Tolerance is excellent on any therapeutical regimen or with any type of survey considered.

Benzimidazoles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Results of a systematic study of drepanocytosis in 1,500 Gabonese using hemoglobin electrophoresis].

Hemoglobin electrophoresis realised as a routine screening test on 1 500 gabonese individuals revealed the existence of a sickle cell abnormality n 24.40% cases (22.27% were AS heterozygotous and 2.1% were SS homozygotous). Bapounov and Fang ethnies appeared to be the most involved. The importance of such disturbance (I gabonese individual out of 4 is concerned) could justify the creation of Prenatal Counseling Centers mainly dealing with this genetic problem.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Digestive cryptosporidiosis in young children in an urban area in Gabon].

A 27 month epidemiological survey of cryptosporidiosis in stools was conducted in 288 Gabonese children aged between 0 and 2 years (mean 10.2 months). By at least one of two staining techniques, acid-fast and direct immunofluorescence, the rate of infection was determined to be 24%. The rate was 28% in cases of acute diarrhea, in striking contrast with the low prevalence of 14.8% in uninjured gastroenteritus subjects (p < 0.05). The notion of asymptomatic carriers was clearly demonstrated. The maximum of 34.4% was observed for infants aged between 6 and 12 months (p < 0.02). In cases of malnutrition, this rate increased to 31.8%, whereas it was 16.8% in eutrophic children (p < 0.01). For the rainy and dry seasons, it was 31.7% and 19.4%, respectively (p < 0.02). Water is emerging as an important vehicle for the transmission and spread of Cryptosporidium sp. in tropical areas.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chromoblastomycosis in Gabon. Study of 64 cases].

During the last 25 years, 64 cases of chromoblastomycosis were diagnosed in Gabon. They came from the entire territory, where living in rural zones men as well as women were affected. The evolution of the disease has lasted for more than 10 years for the majority of the cases. The preferential location is the lower limb for 78.5% of the patients, with a double localization for one case and an exceptional malignant transformation for another case. Two clinical aspects emerged, despite an apparent polymorphism: extensive patches and warty nodules, spread apart from or adjacent to the others. The histological images were classical and the fumagoid cells, sometimes budding and filamentous, were easily detected during examination of the squama and scabs. Fonsecaea pedrosoï was the only identified species. The 5-fluorocytosine treatment constantly led to an improvement of the lesions. The major problem for these destitute patients is economic, concerning the cost of the therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Lipid profile during specific malaria therapy in Gabonese children].

We report specific dyslipidemia in Gabonese children aged 18 months to 4 years old treated with Halfan for malaria. This is observed in addition to the hypoglycemia typically associated with malaria. C-HDL (high density lipoprotein) fell on day 0 (D0), then increased during the treatment. Triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) rose on D0. CT continued to rise evenly throughout the treatment, whereas TG declined. The differences with respect to normal values are significantly different as assessed by the Student test. We report metabolic variation and tolerance to Halfan.

Antimalarials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria attacks in children with artemether in Gabon].

The efficacy and tolerance of artemether administered intramuscularly twice daily (1.6 or 3.2 mg/kg/day) were evaluated in 47 children (mean age 2.4 years old) suffering from mild (n = 28) or severe (n = 19) attacks of Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Tolerance was also investigated in 5 additional children for whom the efficacy could not be assessed, because the parasitaemia was too low on inclusion. Antipyretics were systematically administered and therefore efficacy of the treatment was scored according to the decrease in the density of the parasite and the remission of severe symptoms in those patients with severe attacks. Parasites were eliminated in all patients in a mean of 47.7 +/- 9.8 hours. The time to eradication was not significantly affected by the dose, prior administration of an anti-malarial agents to treat the attack or the severity of the attack. There were two cases of clinical and parasitological regression, on days 14 and 21. There were no deaths. The neurological symptoms of severity resolved in 48 hours in most cases. Local and systemic tolerance was excellent.

Antimalarials↗