Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Komatsu

Publications and source records attributed to M Komatsu.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Dipyridamole reduces urinary albumin excretion in diabetic patients with normo- or microalbuminuria.

The effect of 150 mg/day dipyridamole p.o. on urinary albumin excretion (UAE) was studied in 48 patients with diabetes mellitus without clinically discernible nephropathy. In 42 patients who were followed at an outpatient clinic, albumin/creatinine ratio (Ualb/Ucreat: mg/mmol) of untimed urine obtained from the same subjects repetitively was employed as an index of UAE. In 6 hospitalized patients, albumin excretion rate (AER) (micrograms/min) of 24-h-collected urine was determined. When followed without dipyridamole for 10.8 (the mean) months (N = 27, outpatients), the mean Ualb/Ucreat increased from 8.1 to 20.5. Of these, 11 patients with Ualb/Ucreat greater than 1.0 at the end of the observation period subsequently received dipyridamole for 4.2 months, and the ratio decreased from 49.0 to 7.3. When treated with dipyridamole for 9.0 months without a pre-treatment observation period (N = 15, outpatients), the ratio decreased from 9.8 to 5.6. AER of hospitalized patients who received dipyridamole for 10.0 days reduced from 68.0 to 21.9. All of these changes were statistically significant. Urinary beta 2 MG, blood pressure, serum creatinine and glycemic control were unaffected by the dipyridamole treatment. We conclude that dipyridamole reduces UAE in diabetic patients with subclinical level of albuminuria.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[123I-IMP accumulation in the lung with bronchial asthma--early uptake and delayed washout].

123I-IMP is taken up by the pulmonary capillary endothelial cells during the first pass through the lung, and is slowly released from them. To look up the factors which influence on the prolonged 123I-IMP retention in the diseased lung, we examined the correlation between the 123I-IMP uptake during the first pass and the 123I-IMP retention. Patients with bronchial asthma had no abnormal finding in the chest X-ray photograph. However 123I-IMP release from their lungs was delayed. Some patients show a tendency that 123I-IMP uptake during the first pass was uneven, which suggested the change in amine uptake function of endothelial cells. However their correlation coefficients between the uptake during the first pass and the prolonged retention were very small. It was considered that the prolonged 123I-IMP retention in the diseased lung was not explained only by the change in uptake function of pulmonary capillary endothelial cell.

Amphetamines↗
PubMed1990

[A new autoantibody, anti-210kDa microtubule associated protein antibody, detected in the serum of patients with various liver diseases and SLE].

A new autoantibody to 210kDa microtubule associated protein (MAP) obtained from rabbit liver excrude was detected in the serum with various liver diseases and SLE. As there were no reports concerning autoantibodies to MAPs in animals and human, it may say that anti-210kDa MAP autoantibody we detected was a new cytoskeleton antibody. Using western blotting method, the anti-210kDa MAP autoantibody was frequently found in the patients with alcoholic liver diseases (52.5%), PBC (55.6%), autoimmune hepatitis (83.3%), SLE (71.4%) but rarely in the patients with viral liver diseases (26.4%) and none in normal controls at a serum dilution of 1:10. In addition, at a serum dilution of 1:100, the anti-210kDa MAP autoantibody was found in the patients with alcoholic liver diseases (22.5%), PBC (44.4%), autoimmune hepatitis (66.7%), SLE (71.4%), viral liver diseases (17.0%) and none in normal controls. It was confirmed that the anti-210kDa MAP autoantibody was frequently detected in cases of alcoholic liver diseases, PBC, autoimmune hepatitis and SLE than in those of viral liver diseases and normal control.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1990

[Analysis of 123I IMP retention in the lung and application to the diagnosis of lung disease].

The movement of N-isopropyl-p[123I] iodoamphetamine (I-123 IMP) in the lungs was studied. The half time of I-123 IMP release (T 1/2) was delayed in the fibrosis and the sarcoidosis. There was a relation between the prolongation of T 1/2 and the radiographic finding. It was considered that T 1/2 was useful for the objective estimation of the change in the lungs. The adsorption of I-123 IMP to the alveolar cells was much higher than to the circulating leukocytes. It was considered that the accumulation and retention of I-123 IMP in the lungs had relation to the alveolar cells.

Amphetamines↗
PubMed1990

[Multi-agent combination chemotherapy for adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia--individualized chemotherapy].

Eighteen adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) including 14 previously untreated and 4 relapsed cases were treated with individualized and intensified induction and post-remission therapy. CNS prophylaxis was performed with i. th. methotrexate alone and started early during induction. All patients achieved complete remission. In a median follow up of 65 weeks, 2 yr-disease free survival (DFS) rate was 73.5 +/- 13.0% in previously untreated patients. This treatment program has resulted in markedly improved remission rate and DFS in adults with ALL.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Serum dipeptidyl peptidase activities as a possible marker of oral cancer.

Serum glycyl-l-prolyl 4-methyl-coumaryl-7-amide (gly-pro-MCA) hydrolase (DPP IV) and L-lysyl-L-alanyl beta-naphthylamide (lys-ala-beta NA) hydrolase (assumed to be DPP II) activities were measured in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and healthy subjects. The mean serum DPP IV activity of all cancer patients was significantly (P less than 0.001) decreased, compared with that of healthy subjects. Although there was no significant difference between the stages by International Union Against Cancer (UICC) classification (1978), DPP IV levels tended to change dynamically, reflecting the clinical status during therapies. The serum DPP IV activity of patients with a fair prognosis was significantly elevated toward the normal range, whereas the activity of patients with a poor prognosis was significantly decreased (P less than 0.05). In contrast, the mean serum lys-ala-beta NA hydrolytic activity of cancer patients was significantly (P less than 0.001) increased, compared with that of healthy subjects, and was changed reciprocally to DPP IV activity. The correlation of these two serum enzyme activities with tumor weights also was observed in animal models using nude mice transplanted with human KB carcinoma cells and hamsters transplanted with BHK21 cells. These results indicate that these serum enzyme levels may become an aid for the diagnosis of malignant tumors and for estimating the prognosis of the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Mastoparan, a wasp venom, stimulates insulin release by pancreatic islets through pertussis toxin sensitive GTP-binding protein.

A wasp venom, mastoparan, rapidly stimulated insulin release by rat pancreatic islets in a dose-related manner. The amount of insulin released in response to 58 microM mastoparan far exceeded that induced by 27.8 mM glucose. Mastoparan stimulated insulin release to similar degrees at ambient glucose concentrations of 1.7 mM and 5.6 mM. The islets obtained from pertussis toxin-treated rats showed unequivocally less response to mastoparan. Pretreatment of islets with bromophenacyl bromide, a phospholipase A2 inhibitor, abolished their responsiveness to mastoparan. Pretreatment of islets with nifedipine, a Ca2+ channel blocker, was without effect. Mastoparan is a unique stimulator of insulin release by the pancreatic islets, which acts through GTP-binding protein(s) and phospholipase A2.

Acetophenones↗
PubMed1989

Prolonged lung retention of 123I-IMP in pulmonary disease.

The accumulation of venously injected 123I-IMP in the lung was studied. Between 30 and 50 min after the injection of the 1.5 mCi 123I-IMP, the concentration of 123I-IMP in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid were much higher than in the blood. It was considered that 123I-IMP was transported into the alveolar spaces and was absorbed by the alveolar cells. The half time (T1/2) of the 123I-IMP release from the lung between 10 and 25 min immediately after the injection was calculated. In normal subjects the T1/2 ranged between 25 and 44 min and was prolonged in subjects with pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, and allergic alveolitis. It was considered that the retention of 123I-IMP was related not only to the endothelial cells, but also to the alveolar cells. It was considered that the analysis of the lung release of 123I-IMP forms a new lung dysfunction index.

Amphetamines↗
PubMed1989

Erythema dyschromicum perstans. Immunopathologic studies.

Immunopathologic studies of a patient with clinical and histologic evidence of erythema dyschromicum perstans revealed Ia antigen expression on epidermal keratinocytes, pronounced OKT4 and OKT6 staining of epidermal dendritic cells, and dermal infiltration of T lymphocytes of both helper-inducer (OKT4) and suppressor-cytotoxic (OKT8) phenotypes--a pattern commonly associated with lichen planus. These findings, taken in conjunction with positive IgG staining on colloid bodies, suggest the possibility that erythema dyschromicum perstans and lichen planus have similar disease processes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Ultraviolet-absorbing intraocular lens versus non-UV-absorbing intraocular lens: comparison of angiographic cystoid macular edema.

We compared the incidence of angiographic cystoid macular edema (CME) in eyes with ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing intraocular lenses (IOLs) with that in eyes with non-UV-absorbing IOLs. Fifty-five bilateral pseudophakic patients received a UV-absorbing IOL in one eye and a non-UV-absorbing IOL in the fellow eye. All cases were implanted with posterior chamber lenses following extracapsular cataract extraction. Fluorescein angiography for CME was performed at least six months postoperatively (average 20.0 months). There was no statistically significant difference in visual acuity or in the incidence of CME.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Physical fixation of soft intraocular lenses.

Twenty silicone lenses and seven hydrogel lenses were implanted in the bag after circular capsulotomy. After surgery the haptics were firmly fixated within the bag in all cases. Inflammation was minimal in the early postoperative period. One month after surgery the average visual acuity was 20/20 or better and the average astigmatism was less than 0.5 diopter. Neodymium:YAG laser capsulotomy was not required in any case. These soft lenses seemed to be physically fixated in the bag by capsular shrinkage. We believe that this physical fixation of soft lenses is possible only when capsular integrity is maintained.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed1989

Glucose raises cytosolic free calcium in the rat pancreatic islets.

Cytosolic free calcium [( Ca2+]i) was measured using fura 2 in the whole pancreatic islets obtained from male Wistar rats by collagenase dispersion. The pattern of change of [Ca2+]i in response to high glucose, potassium (K+) depolarization or the removal of extracellular calcium was compared with the temporal profile of insulin secretion. Twenty-nine mM glucose produced a gradual increase in [Ca2+]i with approximately 1.5 min of latency period. It remained elevated until the end of observation period (25 min) during which period the first phase of insulin secretion ceased and the second phase of secretion gradually increased. Depolarizing concentration of KCl also produced an elevation of [Ca2+]i, without detectable latency period, which lasted at a sustained level for the entire observation period (30 min). KCl caused a rapid increase of insulin secretion followed by a gradually decreasing level of secretion. Elevated [Ca2+]i and insulin secretion in response to high glucose returned to the basal level when external calcium was removed by the addition of EGTA. We conclude that high glucose and K+ depolarization raise [Ca2+]i in the pancreatic islet. However, the elevation of [Ca2+]i and insulin secretion are not always correlated in the later period of stimulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

ACTH deficiency and TSH hypersecretion in a patient with empty sella turcica.

In a 49-year-old woman with empty sella syndrome, corticotropin (ACTH) deficiency and various abnormalities, including increased thyrotropin (TSH) secretion, growth hormone (GH) deficiency, and inappropriately high insulin with early phase hypoglycemia, during an oral glucose tolerance test were found. Existence of serum antipituitary antibody suggested that the empty sella and ACTH deficiency may be caused by an autoimmune destruction of the pituitary gland. All of the accompanying abnormalities except for increased TSH secretion were corrected with glucocorticoid supplement. Thyroidal responses to an increase and decrease of endogenous TSH were qualitatively normal, indicating that the patient's TSH was biologically active and the set point of hypothalamic-pituitary feedback regulation for TSH secretion was shifted.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1989

Pharmacological characterization of the voltage-dependent calcium channel of pancreatic B-cell.

Pharmacological characteristics of the voltage-dependent calcium channel (VDCC) of the pancreatic B-cell were studied using omega-conotoxin (omega CgTX) and dihydropyridine (DHP) calcium channel blockers. High glucose and potassium (K+) depolarization were employed as the stimulant of insulin release. omega CgTX (greater than 50 nM), a blocker of neural, but not muscular, Ca2+ channels, partially blocked (27%) the second, but not the first, phase of glucose-induced insulin release without a significant effect on K+ depolarization-induced insulin release. The DHP Ca2+ channel blocker nifedipine inhibited both phases of glucose-induced insulin release (ED50 = 200 nM) and completely abolished both phases of response at 10 microM. In contrast, the DHP Ca2+ channel blocker only partially suppressed (75% at 10 microM) K+ depolarization-induced insulin release with an ED50 of 100 nM. We conclude that pancreatic B-cell possesses at least two classes of VDCCs; one is DHP sensitive, and the other DHP insensitive. Partial suppression of the second phase of glucose-induced insulin release by a high concentration of omega CgTX may be due to its toxic effect on the secretory machinery other than VDCC.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Studies on gastric antiulcer active agents. II. Synthesis of tetrazole alkanamides and related compounds.

A series of tetrazole alkanamides was synthesized and tested for antiulcer activity against acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer in rats. These compounds were prepared by the reaction of tetrazole alkanoic acids and various amines by the mixed anhydride method or acid chloride method. Among them, 3-[(1-ethyl-5-tetrazolyl)methylthio]propionamide (IIn) was found to have the most potent activity. The structure-activity relationships are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Studies on gastric antiulcer active agents. III. Synthesis of 1-substituted 4-(5-tetrazolyl)thio-1-butanones and related compounds.

Many 1-substituted 4-(5-tetrazolyl)thio-1-butanones were synthesized and tested for antiulcer activity against acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer in rats. These compounds were prepared by the reaction of 5-mercaptotetrazoles and 4-halogeno-1-butanones. Among them, 1-cyclohexyl-4-(1-phenyl-5-tetrazolyl)thio-1-butanone (VIIIp) was found to have the most potent activity. The structure-activity relationships are discussed.

Animals↗