[Nursing of a child undergoing radiotherapy of rhabdomyosarcoma].
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Child↗
Biomedical subjects
M Koike
Publications and source records attributed to M Koike.
[Spontaneous closure of muscular ventricular septal defect during early infancy: a report of three cases].
Three neonatal cases of muscular ventricular septal defect (VSD) without other cardiac anomalies were presented, which were detected using color Doppler echocardiography. Spontaneous closure confirmed by the disappearance of both the murmur and shunt flows was observed in two of the three cases whose ages were 1.5 and 4.5 months, respectively. Furthermore, in the third case, it probably closed by 4.5 months of age, because the shunt flow was difficult to detect by color Doppler. Color Doppler seems to be useful for detecting small shunts of muscular VSD and for observing their spontaneous closure. Though the incidence of muscular VSD in Japan is rare and most of them may be spontaneously closed early in infancy, its detection is expected to increase in the future and the confirmation of their natural closure may become easy by the wide use of color Doppler echocardiography.
Echocardiography, Doppler↗
[Clinical evaluation on maxillary vestibuloplasty with free buccal mucosal graft].
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Adult↗
Tubulovenous communication in myeloma kidney. Tubular prolapse and tubular transformation of renal vein.
We studied renal histopathologic findings of 20 autopsy cases with multiple myeloma with particular attention to structural tubulovenous relationship. Urinary deposition in renal vein or lymphatics, which has been previously noted in pyelonephritis, obstructive uropathy, or vesicoureteral reflux was found in 14 cases. Four of 14 cases had unique tubulovenous communications designated as tubular prolase and tubular transformation of vein. Such communications were most frequently seen at the architectural weak point where the thin-walled interlobar vein and their tributaries adjoin the renal pyramid. Simultaneously, Tamm-Horsfall protein used as a marker for the location of urine was detected in renal vein. These changes had no significant correlation to morphologic severity of myeloma kidney or clinical manifestations of renal failure. Thus, tubulovenous communication producing backflow of urine into the circulation is frequently observed among myeloma kidney as well as other tubulointerstitial nephritis, but its clinical significance is unclear.
Adult↗
X-radiation-induced differentiation of xenotransplanted human undifferentiated rhabdomyosarcoma.
A serially xenotransplantable strain of undifferentiated embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma originating from the nasal cavity of a 42-year-old woman has been established in our laboratory. After radiotherapy for the tumor donor, distinct rhabdomyoblastic differentiation of the undifferentiated sarcoma cells appeared in the primary lesion, and it is a reasonable assumption that X-irradiation has a certain potentiality to induce morphologic differentiation of tumor cells. To study this possibility, tissue fragments of undifferentiated embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma that had grown to more than 10 mm after being transplanted to nude mice were selectively irradiated in situ. The degree of rhabdomyoblastic differentiation according to radiation dose was evaluated by light and electron microscopy and by immunostainability for myoglobin, creatine phosphokinase-MM, and desmin. Distinct morphologic differentiation of undifferentiated sarcoma cells could be induced by repeated X-irradiations at several-week intervals.
Adult↗
Identification of a tumor-associated target antigen, ATM-1, for a human T-cell clone with activated killer activity and its existence in sera of cancer patients.
Three human T-cell clones with activated killer activity (5B5, 5C1, and 7B5) which could lyse various tumor cell lines were established. The cytotoxic activity of these clones was decreased by incubation with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, suggesting that they recognized tumor cells by T-cell antigen receptor. A monoclonal antibody which blocked the cytotoxic activity of clone 5B5 was obtained. This antibody (N1977) blocked the binding and cytotoxic activity of clone 5B5 at the target cell level, suggesting that the antigen defined by N1977 antibody, designated as ATM-1, was a target molecule recognized by 5B5 cells. ATM-1 in the conditioned medium of a cancer cell line (NBT-2) and serum from a patient with lung cancer was characterized by following its immunoreactivity. On gel filtration, both the conditioned medium and the serum gave three peaks of ATM-1 immunoreactivity, corresponding to approximate molecular weights of 1,200,000, 700,000, and 120,000, respectively. They were chromatofocused at pH 4.0, 4.8, and 6.5, respectively. The high molecular weight forms were shown to be molecules with the disulfide-linked elementary glycoprotein with ATM-1 immunoreactivity and approximate molecular weight of 120,000. Most of the molecules with ATM-1 immunoreactivity bound to both concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin, and their binding activity to the antibodies was lost by treatment at 60 degrees C for 30 min. An assay of ATM-1 level in sera was performed by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay. The following positive percentages were obtained from preliminary clinical studies: breast cancer, 67% (8 of 12 cases); hepatocellular carcinoma, 83% (10 of 12 cases); gastric cancer, 58% (7 of 12 cases); lung cancer, 41% (5 of 12 cases); hematological malignancies, 0% (0 of 9 cases); systemic lupus erythematosus, 0% (0 of 8 cases); rheumatoid arthritis, 0% (0 of 8 cases).
Animals↗
A case of multiple carcinoid tumors of the rectum with extraglandular endocrine cell proliferation.
A case of multiple carcinoid tumors of the rectum with numerous proliferations of extraglandular endocrine cells is reported. The patient was 52-year-old man with five polypoid lesions in the rectum. The resected rectum contained five macroscopic carcinoid tumors, 36 microcarcinoids, and innumerous extraglandular endocrine cell proliferations. Endocrine cell microproliferations, in their early stage consisting of one to 15 micronests, were mainly located within the bundles of muscularis mucosae, having no contact with mucosal glandular structures. All of the immunohistochemically examined proliferations of extraglandular endocrine cells contained S-100 protein-positive dendritic cells, and some endocrine cells coexisted with submucosal ganglion cells. In contrast, there was no increase in intraglandular endocrine cells. The origin of rectal carcinoid tumor may be the extraglandular endocrine cells, a distinct compartment of mucosal endocrine cells of the rectum.
Carcinoid Tumor↗
Coronary arteritis and aortoarteritis in the elderly males. A report of two autopsy cases with review of the literature.
Two elderly males died suddenly of acute myocardial infarction. Autopsy disclosed extensive and severe coronary arteritis, associated with aortitis. In most of all of the epicardial coronary arteries, fibrous thickening of the adventitia was remarkable and muscle layers of the media were nearly destroyed by infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells. The aorta showed adventitial thickening with destruction of the elastic layers of the outer media. In the literature, similar extensive coronary arteritis has been reported in five cases of Takayasu's arteritis. All cases, including ours, were elderly or middle-aged males who died suddenly of myocardial infarction without the antemortem detection of the underlying arteritis. These aspects differ from the typical Takayasu's arteritis and we suggest that these cases are considered as a separate entity.
Aorta↗
Cloning and sequencing of cDNAs encoding alpha and beta subunits of human pyruvate dehydrogenase.
The cDNAs encoding fragments of the alpha and beta subunits (PDH alpha and PDH beta) of human pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH, EC 1.2.4.1) were isolated from a HeLa cell cDNA library in the lambda gt11 expression vector by immunoscreening. Phage cDNA fragments were subsequently used to screen a human foreskin fibroblast cDNA library by colony hybridization. Nucleotide sequence analyses of the positive plasmid clones (pHPDA and pHPDB) revealed an insert of 1.36 kilobases (kb) for PDH alpha and one of 1.69 kb for PDH beta, respectively, allowing us to predict the complete amino acid sequences of the precursor and mature proteins of these two subunits. A putative leader sequence of 29 amino acid residues was identified in pHPDA, resulting in a precursor protein of 392 amino acid residues (Mr 43,414) and a mature protein of 363 residues (Mr 40,334). A similar leader sequence of 30 amino acid residues in pHPDB was also identified, resulting in a precursor protein of 359 amino acid residues (Mr 39,046) and a mature protein of 329 residues (Mr 35,911). The amino acid sequences of NH2-terminal regions of the two subunits of human PDH were highly homologous with those of mature porcine PDH. The amino acid sequences of phosphorylation sites determined in PDH alpha of bovine and porcine enzymes were also conserved in the human PDH alpha. Blot analysis of HeLa cell poly(A)+ RNA showed a single mRNA of 1.8 kb for PDH alpha and 1.7 kb for PDH beta, respectively. The precursor proteins of PDH alpha and PDH beta were detected by immunoprecipitation from an 35S-labeled cell-free translation system.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Pulmonary and pleural thymoma. Diagnostic application of lymphocyte markers to the thymoma of unusual site.
Two cases of the thymoma of the unusual sites were examined immunohistochemically. The one was intrapulmonary, and the other was diffuse pleural tumors. The infiltrating lymphocytes were T-cells showing OKT 6 positivity and nuclear immunoreactivity for terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) in the intrapulmonary tumor, like lymphocytes in the mediastinal thymoma of predominantly lymphocytic or mixed types. Although lymphocytes were dispersed in the pleural tumor, there were some TdT(+) OKT 6(-) lymphocytes and the similar finding was observed in the thymoma of predominantly epithelial type. In lung carcinomas and pleural mesotheliomas, there were no TdT(+) OKT 6(+/-) lymphocytes. Immunohistochemical studies using lymphocyte markers may be an useful tool for the diagnosis of the thymoma of ectopic site or unusual presentation.
Aged↗
Encephalomyeloneuritis with mediastinal germ cell tumor. A paraneoplastic condition?
An unusual case of encephalomyeloneuritis associated with germ cell tumor with mature and immature teratoma arising int he mediastinum is presented. There was an unusually long interval from the onset of neurologic symptoms to the development of malignancy. The histopathology, characterized by limbic encephalitis, brain stem encephalitis, cortical cerebellar degeneration and myeloneuritis, was similar to that of paraneoplastic encephalomyeloneuritis previously described in the literature. Virological and immunological studies failed to demonstrate any causative agents or autoantibodies reacting with brain tissue. The causal relationship between the malignant neoplasm and encephalomyeloneuritis thus seems to be very complex.
Adult↗
So-called sclerosing hemangioma of the lung. An immunohistochemical, histochemical and ultrastructural study.
Sclerosing hemangioma of the lung (SHL) was investigated immunohistochemically, histochemically and ultrastructurally with reference to cellular components associated with the histologic pattern: cuboidal cells in the papillary type, round cells in the solid type, flat cells in the hemorrhagic type and stromal cells in the sclerotic type. Immunohistochemically, cuboidal cells were positive for CEA, cytokeratin and EMA, whereas other cells were positive for EMA and vimentin. Immunoreactive factor-VIII-related antigen was confined to endothelial cells. Histochemically, cuboidal cells displayed alkaline phosphatase activity, but round cells showed ATPase activity. However, in spite of these different histochemical and immunohistochemical properties, morphological continuity was clearly revealed in immunostained sections; direct connection of spaces lined by cuboidal and flat cells, direct contact between cuboidal and stromal cells, and EMA expression of round cells associated with luminal structures were evident. Ultrastructurally, cuboidal cells were like alveolar cells. Flat and stromal cells showed microvillous protrusions and a discontinuous basement membrane, but some cells contained lamellar bodies. Solid cellular sheets consisted of various cells intermediate between cuboidal and flat or stromal cells. Direct apposition among these cells was evident. This morphological continuum confirms that each of these cell types are components of SHL as a whole. SHL may thus be merely sclerotic hemorrhagic alveolar cell tumor.
Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
Effects of fixation time and enzymatic digestion on immunohistochemical demonstration of bromodeoxyuridine in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue.
We studied the effects of fixation time and enzymatic digestion on immunohistochemical staining for bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR) in excised rat and human gastrointestinal tissues and human brain tumors which had been fixed in formalin after intravenous administration of BUdR shortly before biopsy of tissue. In formalin-fixed rat gastrointestinal tissues not treated with proteinase, the reaction products were insufficient to identify BUdR-positive cells. Results similar to those in ethanol-fixed tissue were obtained when formalin-fixed tissue sections were treated with protease, pepsin, or trypsin. The longer the material had been fixed in formalin, the longer the incubation in proteinase required to identify BUdR-labeled nuclei. The BUdR labeling indices of formalin-fixed human brain tumor specimens treated with protease were comparable to those of ethanol-fixed tissues. Sufficient BUdR staining was obtained even in tissues fixed in formalin for prolonged periods. Therefore, the BUdR labeling index can be determined retrospectively in clinical materials stored in formalin.
Animals↗
Central effects of catecholamine antagonists on angiotensin-induced vasopressin secretion in conscious rats.
To evaluate the roles for catecholamines in angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced vasopressin (AVP) release, we examined in conscious rats the effects of intraventricular (ivt) administrations of catecholamine antagonists on plasma AVP responses to ivt applications of its agonists and ANG II. Plasma AVP was determined by RIA using trunk blood collected after decapitation. Dopamine (0.15 mumol), phenylephrine (an alpha-adrenergic agonist, 0.15 mumol) or ANG II (48.2 pmol) augmented plasma AVP 90 sec after the injection, whereas after isoproterenol (a beta-adrenergic agonist, 0.15 mumol) plasma AVP was unaffected. The plasma AVP responses to both dopamine and ANG II were significantly (P less than 0.01) inhibited by haloperidol (a dopamine blocker, 0.15 mumol) given 10 min before administration of these agents. Pre-administration of phenoxybenzamine (an alpha antagonist, 0.15 mumol) which was confirmed to abolish the effect of phenylephrine, or propranolol (a beta antagonist, 0.15 mumol) did not block the effect of ANG II. Administration of haloperidol, phenoxybenzamine or propranolol alone was without effect on plasma AVP level. On the basis of these results, we concluded that ANG II-induced AVP secretion may be mediated and/or modulated by dopamine.
Angiotensin II↗
Effect of intraoperative radiotherapy on pancreatic carcinoma: histopathological findings from autopsy cases.
Histopathological examinations of 18 necropsy patients with pancreatic carcinoma who died after receiving intraoperative radiotherapy (IOR) revealed the following: 1) Cancer cells were suspected of remaining in the periphery of the irradiated areas. 2) Thickening of intima of small arteries, some of which were obstructed, was found in the tumor tissues. 3) Highly degenerated nerve fibers were observed within the necrotic or viable tumor tissues. These findings provide evidence of the effects of IOR, while they also demonstrate the problems encountered in improving this treatment and the necessity of a complementary therapy for complete local control of pancreatic cancer by IOR.
Adult↗
[A case of asymptomatic adult hypophosphatasia].
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Adult↗
Structure determination of metabolites of rilmazafone, a 1H-1,2,4-triazolyl benzophenone derivative in monkey urine.
1. The metabolism of a new hypnotic 5-[(2-aminoacetamido)methyl]- 1-[4-chloro-2-(o-chlorobenzoyl)phenyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1H-1,2,4-tr iaz ole-3-carboxamide hydrochloride dihydrate (rilmazafone hydrochloride) was studies in female cynomolgus monkeys. 2. The structures of ten urinary metabolites were determined by mass spectrometry, and confirmed by comparison with synthetic authentic compounds. 3. Pathways of metabolism are postulated indicating that rilmazafone is desglycylated and cyclized to M-1, demethylated successively to M-2 and M-3, then hydrolysed to M-4, or hydroxylated at the 4-position of benzodiazepine ring or the p-position of the o-chlorophenyl group.
Animals↗
Leptomeningeal and orbital benign lymphophagocytic histiocytosis. Case report.
An extremely rare case of isolated histioproliferative lesions arising from the subarachnoid space of the left occipital convexity and the orbit is presented. The presence of histiocytes showing lymphophagocytosis and positivity for S-100 protein staining confirmed that the lesions represented extranodal forms of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy.
Adult↗