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Biomedical subjects

M Kohsaka

Publications and source records attributed to M Kohsaka.

191 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Nocardicin A, a new monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic. I. Discovery, isolation and characterization.

Nocardicin A is a new monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic obtained from the fermentation broth of a strain of actinomycetes. The producing organism, strain WS 1571, was identified as Nocardia uniformis subsp. tsuyamanensis ATCC 21806. The antibiotic, obtained as colorless crystals, exhibits moderate in vitro antibacterial activity against a broad-spectrum of Gram-negative bacteria including Proteus and Pseudomonas. It has low toxicity in laboratory animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[The effect of amino acids on the excitability of identified autoactive giant neurons of Achatina fulica Férussac].

Effects of the following amino acids were examined on the electrical activity of the two giant neurones (PON and TAN) identified in the subesophageal ganglia of Achatina fulica Férussac : L-Asp, L-Thr, L-Ser, L-Glu, L-Pro, Gly, L-alpha-Ala, beta-Ala, L-cysteine, L-cystine, L-Val, L-Met, L-Ileu, L-Leu, L-Tyr, L-Phe, L-Lys, L-His, L-Arg, L-Cit, L-Try, GABA and GABOB. Among these substances, we observed an inhibitory effect of GABA and GABOB on the TAN excitability. GABA showed stronger effect on the TAN than GABOB. This effect of GABA was due to producing hyperpolarization on the TAN membrane. GABA showed a slight excitatory effect on the PON. The effect of GABOB on the PON was very weak and unstable.

Action Potentials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gene structural analysis and expression of human renal dipeptidase.

Human renal dipeptidase cDNA and genomic DNA were isolated from human kidney cDNA and genomic libraries, respectively. The human renal dipeptidase gene has a total length of approximately 6 kb and consists of ten exons and nine introns. The exons and cDNA each encode the 411 amino acid residues of the precursor protein, including 16 amino acid residues of signal sequence and a hydrophobic carboxyl terminal sequence for the attachment of a phosphatidylinositol glycan. Although the cDNA was slightly different from the cDNA reported by Adachi et al. (1990), the differences observed suggest, by comparison with human genomic DNA, that it may not represent an allelic variant but a cloning artifact. The recombinant human renal dipeptidase was produced on the surface of transfected L929 cells and had the same character as native renal dipeptidase. Northern blotting hybridization analysis showed that renal dipeptidase mRNA is only transcribed in kidney.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of nilvadipine on regional cerebral blood flow and skin blood flow in anesthetized cats.

The effects of an intravenous injection of the novel calcium channel blocker, nilvadipine, on the relative regional cerebral blood flow and relative regional skin blood flow were studied in anesthetized cats using the laser-Doppler method. The effects of nilvadipine were compared with those of nicardipine hydrochloride (nicardipine). Nilvadipine and nicardipine both increased the relative regional cerebral blood flow dose-dependently, in spite of their hypotensive effect. At a dose of 32 micrograms/kg, nilvadipine and nicardipine increased the relative regional cerebral blood flow by 61 +/- 8% and 25 +/- 10% of the predrug value, respectively, 15 min after administration. At this time, both drugs induced a comparable degree of hypotension: -18 +/- 3% of the predrug value for nilvadipine and -25 +/- 2% for nicardipine. After nilvadipine, the relative regional cerebral blood flow enhanced by 45 +/- 10% 180 min after drug administration, whereas after nicardipine, it returned to the predrug value within 60 min. In contrast, the increase in relative regional skin blood flow produced by nilvadipine (32 micrograms/kg) and nicardipine (32 micrograms/kg) was 23 +/- 15% and 32 +/- 8% of the predrug value, respectively, 5 min after drug administration. The effect of nicardipine on the relative regional skin blood flow, compared with that of control, was significantly higher. These results indicate that nilvadipine exhibits a pronounced and longer-lasting effect on the relative regional cerebral blood flow, compared with the relative regional skin blood flow, and that its action on the relative regional cerebral blood flow is more potent than that of nicardipine.

Anesthesia↗