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Biomedical subjects

M Kohl

Publications and source records attributed to M Kohl.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The interactions of mesna and dimesna with the sulfate exchange in human red blood cells.

The influence of disodium 2-mercaptoethane sulfonate disulfide (mesna, Uromitexan) and sodium 2-mercaptoethane sulfonate (dimesna) on the carrier mediated exchange of 35S-sulfate in human red blood cells was investigated in vitro in order to contribute to the understanding of pharmakokinetics and organospecific action of mesna. Countertransport indicated uptake of mesna in washed red blood cells by the carrier. In contrast, dimesna inhibited the transport of sulfate in a competitive manner. However, when 35S-sulfate uptake into red cells was studied with whole blood, addition of mesna was found to be inhibitory, which was caused by its rapid conversion to dimesna by plasma components. It is concluded that conversion of the anion carrier substrate mesna into the inhibitor dimesna is the reason that mesna or dimesna cannot be detected in red blood cells in vivo.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMed1978

The effects of consultation style on consultee productivity.

This study examined the effectiveness of three different consultation styles adapted from Bindman's typology. Consultees were nurses on eight wards in a state hospital for the retarded, who were assigned to Expert, Resource, and Process consultation groups plus a no-treatment control. Data on the number of new programs independently initiated by consultees were collected during a 6-week base line, 12-week consultation, and 6-week follow-up period. Results showed a general increase in number of programs initiated during the second half of the consultation period, with trends established there continued through the follow-up. Degree of change was directly related to the style of consultation: the Expert role proved no better than the control condition; the Resource and Process roles generated significant consultee activity, with the Process model generating the most programs in both experimental and follow-up periods.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Different effects of exogenous horseradish peroxidase on luminol-amplified chemiluminescence induced by soluble and particulate stimuli in human neutrophils.

The chemiluminescence (CL) technique with scavengers for superoxide anion (superoxide dismutase) and hydrogen peroxide (catalase) was used to characterize the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside and outside the human neutrophil after stimulation with both soluble (formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, FMLP) and particulate (urate crystals, zymosan, oxidized LDL) stimuli. Depending on the stimulus used, ROS generation differed in composition and absolute amounts. The ratio between extracellularly and intracellularly produced ROS ranged from 0.3 (zymosan) to 4.2 (FMLP). While enhancing substantially FMLP-stimulated CL, horseradish peroxidase inhibited CL induced by particulate stimuli by 40-80%. Furthermore, an azide-insensitive and therefore peroxidase-independent part of CL was found in FMLP-, LDL- and zymosan-stimulated cells. The results indicate that different agonists may lead through distinct chemical pathways to neutrophil luminol-amplified light generation.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Certified nurse-midwifery care of the postpartum client. A descriptive study.

This article presents the findings of a small, descriptive, exploratory study aimed at identifying the content and process components of certified nurse-midwifery care in the postpartum period. The conceptual framework, methods, and analysis were derived from the research of E.J. Lehrman, who identified components of CNM antepartum care. Lehrman's components of prenatal care were all found to be present in the postpartum period, but new data emerged. These data generated three distinctively new categories, ie, therapeutic techniques, lateral relationship, and empowerment. Albeit from a small study, our findings support previous research suggesting aspects of CNM care that might be partially responsible for improved perinatal outcome documented in various populations where CNM care has been established. The article concludes with a discussion of these implications for practice and the need for further definition of the profession of nurse-midwifery.

Certification↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis of 17 beta-hydroxy esters of 4-estren-17 beta-ol-3-one and carbenicillin, ticarcillin, or functionalized oxacillin: potentially useful conjugates for beta-lactamase-based homogeneous immunoassays.

On the basis of the large range of kinetic constants of their substrates, beta-lactamases seem to be interesting enzymes for the development of homogeneous immunoassays. For this purpose, hapten-penicillin or -cephalosporin conjugates have to be prepared. The aim of this work is to couple the anabolizing steroid nandrolone to several penicillins characterized by extremely low K(m) and kcat values: ticarcillin, carbenicillin, and oxacillin. The easy decarboxylation of derivatives of phenylmalonic acid (carbenicillin) and thienylmalonic acid (ticarcillin) imposes the choice of very mild procedures which have been specifically adapted to each substance investigated. 4-Estren-17 beta-ol-3-one hemiphenylmalonate is conjugated to 6-aminopenicillanic acid after 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole activation, while 4-estren-17 beta-ol-3-one hemi(3-thiophene)malonate is coupled to 6-aminopenicillanic acid after activation using methanesulfonyl chloride. Before conjugation of oxacillin, a carboxylated analogue of its side chain has been prepared. A procedure resorting to tert-butyl ester protection of the carboxyl group present on the isoxazole ring allows the binding of nandrolone to the remaining carboxyl followed, after specific deprotection, by the conjugation to 6-aminopenicillanic acid giving the oxacillin derivative. In this way, conjugates retaining immunological properties of nandrolone and high inhibiting power of beta-lactamases should be obtained.

Carbenicillin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A comparative study about the therapeutic effect of theophylline and doxapram in apnoeic disorders].

The objective of this study was to prove the superiority of doxapram compared to theophylline therapy in apneas of prematurity in very low birth weight infants. Therefore all VLBW infants (gestational age < 35 weeks) were randomized if they had in a 2 hours-interval more than 2 apneas, 4 bradycardias or 4 oxygen desaturations. They received either theophylline (loading dose 5 mg/kg b. w., 3 mg/kg b. w. bid) or doxapram by continuous infusion of 0.5 mg/kg/h. Apneas, bradycardias and desaturations were recorded from the trend analysis of our monitoring system over the first 3-days and a 7 days period and compared statistically (Mann-Whitney U-test). Plasma levels of both drugs and a polysomnographic recording were obtained during steady state conditions in parallel to a behavioral observation according to Prechtl. The recorded events were again compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Twenty patients were treated with theophylline, 14 with doxapram. In 9 patients of each group we could perform a polysomnography and behavioral observation. The incidence of apneas, bradycardias and desaturations in a 7 days-interval was not significantly different between both groups. Analyzing the first 3 days of treatment, however, we could detect a significantly lower rate of apneas in the doxapram group (2.5 apneas compared to 7 in the theophylline group, p < 0.037). In the polysomnographic recording and in our behavioral observations we could not record any significant differences between both groups. Therefore we can conclude that theophylline and doxapram are comparable in the treatment of apneas of prematurity, however, doxapram is superior to theophylline in reducing the rate of apneas in the first 3 days of treatment.

Apgar Score↗