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Biomedical subjects

M Kofler

Publications and source records attributed to M Kofler.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Electrophysiological findings in a case of severe intrathecal baclofen overdose.

Multimodality evoked potentials were examined in a case of serious accidental intrathecal baclofen overdose in a patient who suffered from severe spasticity due to a traumatic brain lesion. Electrophysiological findings during, before and after the intoxication were compared. Transcranial electrical stimulation up to 750 V did not evoke any responses in thenar muscles on the first day of intoxication. An improvement to normal values was observed within 3 days, paralleled by an amelioration of the patient's clinical condition. Cervical electrical stimulation was largely unaffected by baclofen. Median nerve somatosensory and brain-stem acoustic evoked potentials revealed few or no differences during intoxication compared to pre- and post-intoxication responses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Early and late lower limb motor evoked potentials elicited by transcranial magnetic motor cortex stimulation.

Transcranial magnetic motor cortex stimulation can elicit a series of responses recorded with different latencies from relaxed muscles of the lower limbs. In 7 healthy subjects, ranging in age from 16 to 62 years, stimulation was delivered by a 9 cm coil centered over Cz with the subject in the supine position. Surface polyelectromyography was used to record motor evoked potentials (MEPs) from the quadriceps (QD), hamstrings (HS), tibialis anterior (TA) and triceps surae (TS) muscles bilaterally. Three characteristic responses were identified in each muscle group on the basis of amplitude and latency criteria, identified by latencies: the direct oligosynaptic response MEP30 appeared with a latency of 24.3 msec in the QD, 26.3 msec in the HS, 30.5 msec in the TA and 31.3 msec in the TS; MEP70 with latencies of 64 msec in the QD, 59 msec in the HS, 79 msec in the TA and 72 msec in the TS; MEP120 with latencies of 115 msec in the QD, 126 msec in the HS, 117 msec in the TA and 124 msec in the TS. These 3 responses have distinct latencies, amplitudes and durations. MEP70 appears to be the result of activation of long descending tracts which end on spinal interneuronal circuits. As MEP120 has different features, it may have a different mechanism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Effects of intrathecal baclofen on lumbosacral and cortical somatosensory evoked potentials.

We analyzed lumbosacral and cortical somatosensory evoked potentials in three spinal cord injury patients undergoing evaluation of intrathecal baclofen infusion for management of spasticity. The cauda equina propagating root wave (R wave) and conus medullaris postsynaptic responses (S and P waves) were analyzed before and during baclofen infusion. Baclofen abolished the concomitantly recorded H-reflex and markedly suppressed the P wave amplitude and area. The S wave amplitude and area were suppressed to a lesser degree. In contrast, there were no significant changes in cortical somatosensory evoked potentials.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Indication, efficiency and complications of intrathecal pump supported baclofen treatment in spinal spasticity.

In 19 patients, who suffered from severe spinal spasticity of different etiologies and did not respond sufficiently to oral antispastic therapy, intrathecal Baclofen test boli were administered. In 11 patients a DAD (Drug Administration Device) [SynchroMedR Model 8611 H, Medtronic Inc. Minneapolis, USA] was implanted. Catheter dislocation or torsion was the most common complication to be observed in these 11 patients. Long term intrathecal Baclofen application was effective in all patients, as reducing spasticity, flexor spasms and spasm induced pain. In some cases the motor performance ameliorated.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Long-term intrathecal baclofen treatment in supraspinal spasticity.

Baclofen, a derivate of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), is known to be a useful drug in spasticity treatment. To achieve a good therapeutic response higher oral dosages have to be administered related with central side effects. Intrathecal application of Baclofen in microgram range dosages is proved to be effective in spinal spasticity. The efficiency of intrathecal Baclofen in patients suffering from supraspinal spasticity is discussed controversially. We report on 9 patients with long-term intrathecal Baclofen treatment, all of them responding well presenting a marked reduced muscle tone. In most cases an improvement of motor performance and in two cases improved bladder function was observed. The therapeutical dosages administered to patients with supraspinal spasticity exceed those administered to patients with spinal spasticity by approximately 100% without provoking central side effects. Despite the risks connected with this method it has to be considered as treatment of choice in cases of severe supraspinal spasticity.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Intracranial germ cell tumor mimicking anorexia nervosa.

A previously healthy seventeen-year-old boy developed loss of weight, poor appetite, and aversion to food. Physical examination being normal, anorexia nervosa was suspected. Thirteen months later a CT scan revealed a mass in the third ventricle histologically proven to be a malignant teratoma. To our knowledge anorexia nervosa is only extremely rarely the presenting feature of intracranial germ cell tumors.

Adolescent↗