Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Kodama

Publications and source records attributed to M Kodama.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Study of factors requiring more than two ESWL treatments].

Nine hundred and fifty cases with renal and ureteral stones were treated by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) with Siements Lithostar unit from September, 1988 to October, 1990 at Kinki University Hospital. ESWL treatments were performed twice or more on 110 cases (DIFFICULTY GROUP). Ninety-seven cases who were cured by only one ESWL treatment were selected randomly as the control group. The two groups were retrospectively compared to study the factors requiring more than two times of ESWL treatments. There was a significant difference in the time of spontaneous stone discharge before ESWL treatment, the degree of hydronephrosis and the incidence of staghorn calculi as well as middle-lower ureteral calculi between the two groups. There was not a significant difference but a tendency to a longer period of stone existing at the same position and a higher percentage of past history of percutaneous nephrolithotropsy (PNL) in DIFFICULTY GROUP. Because ESWL monotherapy is considered to have limitations, auxiliary procedures or other treatments such as PNL and transurethral lithotripsy are recommended for patients in who in the stones were poorly disintegrated by the first ESWL treatment.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Acute hemodynamic effects of pimobendan and captopril: a comparative study in the same patients with chronic heart failure].

In this study, the acute hemodynamic effects of pimobendan (2.5 mg), a new drug, was compared with that of captopril (12.5 mg) in the same 8 patients with chronic heart failure (NYHA class II-III); 3 with dilated cardiomyopathy and 5 with regurgitant valvular heart disease. The hemodynamics were serially assessed before and after drug administration for at most 6 hours. Pimobendan reduced mean blood pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, right atrial pressure, total systemic vascular resistance, and total pulmonary vascular resistance but it increased heart rate. By contrast, captopril reduced mean blood pressure and double product. No significant changes were noted in the cardiac index, stroke volume index, AV-O2 difference or the arterial oxygen pressure between the 2 drugs. In conclusion, pimobendan seems to function as a strong arterio-veno-dilator rather than as an inotropic agent in patients with chronic heart failure.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[A case of multiple pulmonary metastases from duodenal cancer showing partial response using 5'-DFUR and a small dose of MMC].

A 77-year-old female with primary duodenal cancer had undergone pancreatoduodenectomy in May, 1989. Postoperative chemotherapy was done in combination with MMC (mitomycin C), lentinan and UFT (combined medicine of tegafur and uracil). In August, 1991, the patient complained of a cough and then was examined for multiple pulmonary metastases from duodenal cancer by chest X-ray and CT-scan. Then, she received 5'-DFUR (400-800 mg) and MMC (total 6 mg). Two months from the start of this therapy, the cough almost vanished and pulmonary lesions were diminished markedly. For about five months, this case corresponded to partial response (PR) according to the response criteria proposed by Koyama-Saitoh. The side effects of 5'-DFUR were diarrhea and anorexia. Therefore, we think that 5'-DFUR and a small dose of MMC yielded a partial response to multiple pulmonary metastases from duodenal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

[Innovative elastomeric bio-adhesive (pup-201) synthesized by urethane-prepolymer].

Properties of PUP-201 for the application to vital organs were estimated. Basic properties of PUP-201 were compared with two kinds of commercial fibrin and synthetic adhesives. Its initial and wet adhesive strength was 40 and 150 times stronger than those of fibrin adhesives respectively. Its curing time was 50 seconds, and elongating rate was 150% nearly as same as that of the intestine. This adhesive had not antimicrobial activities. The strength of adhesive bonded pig skin in shear by tension loading by way of JIS K6850 recorded 2.0-2.7kg/cm2 five minutes after, and 2.0-2.8kg/cm2 after 24 hours. The results of the same test in small intestine defined 0.4-1.0kg/cm2 in sero-sero attachment. There was no toxicity on the pig skin. Practical examinations for application to hemostasis on the section of dog liver and sealing of the lung section were performed successfully. PUP-201 was demonstrated excellently useful material for the adhesive, hemostasis and sealant of vital tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The effect of blood transfusion on immunological response in mice].

Recent clinical and experimental studies have suggested that blood transfusion decreased immunological responsiveness. In order to investigate this mechanism, we performed following studies. In vivo experiments, we investigated the effect of blood transfusion on tumor growth and survival rate in mice, and added the comparative studies about the timing of blood transfusion and blood cell component transfusion. In vitro experiments, we studied on the responses of CTL and NK activity by the experimental model of postoperative blood transfusion. These experiments led to the following results: 1) Accelerated tumor growth and reduced survival rate were observed in allogeneic transfused mice. 2) These effects were seen independently of the timing of blood transfusion. 3) A transfusion of lymphocytes was capable of inducing this effect of blood transfusion. 4) Blood transfusion induced both suppression of anti-tumor CTL, TNP-CTL and NK activity. 5) The suppression of CTL was mediated by suppressor cells. From these results, it was suggested that allogenic blood transfusion induced immunosuppression in mice independently of its timing.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Relationship between metabolic acidosis and calcium phosphate urinary stone formation in women.

The relationship between the degree of metabolic acidosis and calcium phosphate stone formation was studied. Furthermore, the reasons why renal tubular acidosis (RTA) and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) dominantly occur in women, and female stone formers more often produce calcium phosphate stone are discussed. Blood was slightly more acidotic in women than in men in both the urolithiasis and the control groups. Likewise, blood was significantly more acidotic and urinary pH significantly higher in patients with PHPT. Patients with RTA had severe metabolic acidosis, and urinary pH was highest among all groups. Calcium phosphate concentration was significantly higher in women than in men, and was also higher in patients with PHPT than in those with urolithiasis. All patients with RTA had pure calcium phosphate stones. The reasons why females are more acidotic and have more calcium phosphate in stones are suspected to be related to progesterone and urinary tract infection.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗
PubMed1991

Effects of diethylstilbestrol and its methyl ethers on aneuploidy induction and microtubule distribution in Chinese hamster V79 cells.

We previously reported that diethylstibestrol (DES) and its derivatives inhibit the in vitro polymerization of microtubule proteins isolated from porcine brain (Sato et al., 1987). We found that the presence of the free hydroxy group of DES was indispensable for the inhibition of microtubule assembly. In the present investigation, this structure-activity relationship was confirmed by the effects of DES and its methyl ethers on chromosome number and the cellular microtubule architecture of Chinese hamster V79 cells, revealed by fluorescent anti-tubulin antibody. DES induced tetra- and octa-ploidy and DES monomethyl ether induced only tetraploidy at a much slower rate, whereas DES dimethyl ether was found to be completely inactive. Furthermore, DES was more active than its monomethyl ether in disturbing microtubule formation within cells. These results support the initial assumption that polyploidy is largely a consequence of the disturbed assembly of microtubules.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1991

Simple tests to determine urinary risk factors and calcium oxalate crystallization in the outpatient clinic.

We developed 2 simple and rapid tests for measurement of constituent concentrations and the stone-forming tendency of urine in the outpatient clinic. The concentrations of urinary constituents of calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, uric acid and oxalic acid were measured using 2 types of simple colorimetric tests (vial and quantitative filter types). The intensity of the color developing after a given interval was compared with a color standard of 4 levels. The results obtained using the colorimetric test were slightly lower in value than but significantly correlated with those obtained with standard measurements. The second test measured the crystal-forming ability of urine. A 10 ml. urine sample was pipetted into 4 vials that each contained different concentrations of oxalic acid and calcium. After a given interval the turbidity in each vial was compared with a control (0 mg. oxalic acid and calcium). If turbidity occurred in urine with low concentrations of oxalic acid and calcium the sample had a large tendency for crystals to form.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1991

Short arm dicentric Y chromosome in a sterile man: a case report.

A short arm dicentric Y chromosome as the predominant cell line in a sterile man is reported. We studied a 33-year-old sterile man whose seminiferous tubules had only Sertoli cells. Chromosomal analysis, using G, Q and C-banding techniques, showed that the predominant cell line had a short arm dicentric Y chromosome. By the deoxyribonucleic acid probe pHY10, the lack of the gene corresponding to the Yq heterochromatic and distal Yq euchromatic region was detected. It is suggested that the gene controlling spermatogenesis is located on the distal euchromatic region on Yq.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Experimental giant cell myocarditis induced by cardiac myosin immunization.

To identify a cardiac protein that could cause a serious autoimmune myocarditis, membranous proteins and myosin as antigens were investigated. In mice immunized with membranous proteins, the lesions induced were limited on the histological level. On the other hand, in Lewis rats immunized with cardiac myosin, serious myocarditis was induced. Every rat showed evidence of heart failure which was fatal in a few. Histology disclosed extensive cell infiltrates and myocardial necrosis. Among those lesions, giant cells were present. This myocarditis could be also transferred adoptively by lectin-activated spleen cells, T-lymphocytes, but not by IgG fraction. Thus, cardiac myosin can induce autoimmune giant cell myocarditis in Lewis rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Magnetic resonance imaging in children with spastic diplegia: correlation with the severity of their motor and mental abnormality.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings for 34 children with spastic diplegia, examined between two and 10 years of age, were analysed. Dilatation of the trigone, atrophy of the peritrigonal white matter and prominent deep cortical sulci were seen. On T2-weighted images, periventricular high-intensity areas in the white matter adjacent to the trigones and bodies of the lateral ventricles were seen in many children. These MRI features may reflect the pathological changes of periventricular leukomalacia in children with spastic diplegia. Among the MRI findings, only the amount of white matter correlated with severity of disability: white matter reduction corresponded to the more severe motor disabilities.

Brain↗
PubMed1991

Characteristics and usage of different ureteral stent catheters.

Presuming that complications associated with ureteral stenting vary in type and occurrence depending on the material and cross-section of the stent, six types of stents immersed in 48 different preparations of artificial urine for 1 month to observe surface changes with a scanning electron microscope. As a result, there was less encrustation on the silicone material compared with other material types, probably due to the smoothness of the surface. This may be related with higher frequency of spontaneous removal or migration to the bladder of this catheter type. Because silicone catheters have softer and thicker walls with a narrow lumen, they may be appropriate for long-term stenting, but not for urinary drainage. In alkaline bacteriuria, struvite encrustation was observed on all stents. This reaction was especially intense with Towers peripheral stents, which had most irregular and uneven surfaces. In aseptic alkaline urine, calcium phosphate crystals partly covered with proteinaceous debris were noted on catheter surfaces. Although in some patients encrustation of uric acid occurred in the bladder portion of the stents, there was no uric acid encrustation in this experimental study.

Crystallization↗
PubMed1991

Immunofluorescent study on the interaction between collagen and calcium oxalate crystals in the renal tubules.

The interaction of calcium oxalate crystals and renal tubular cells was studied. Rat renal collecting tubular cells were cultured and immunologically stained with anti-type-IV collagen antiserum (type-IV collagen exists in renal tubular basement membrane). When renal tubular cells and calcium oxalate crystals were mixed, clumps were formed. These clumps were examined by immunological staining with anti-type-IV collagen antiserum. In another series of experiments, calcium-containing crystals were found to be adsorbed onto mucous threads and cast-like materials, although no such adsorption was observed on squamous cells. These absorbed materials interacted with anti-type-IV collagen antiserum. These results suggest that collagen in the renal tubular basement membrane may act as matrix in urinary stone formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Characteristics of giant cells and factors related to the formation of giant cells in myocarditis.

Giant cell myocarditis is a serious and frequently fatal inflammatory heart disease of which the etiology remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the origin of multinucleated giant cells in myocarditis with the use of an experimental model. We also examined the factors relating to the formation of giant cells in myocarditis. Severe myocarditis characterized by the appearance of multinucleated giant cells was induced in Lewis rats by immunization with cardiac myosin in complete Freund's adjuvant. Two types of giant cells, foreign body giant cell-like and myocytelike, were observed in this myocarditis. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that both types of multinucleated giant cells were stained with OX42 and ED1 (macrophage markers) and were not stained with anti-desmin antibody and HHF35 (markers for muscle fibers). Therefore, it is likely that multinucleated giant cells in this myocarditis are derived from macrophages. During the course of the disease, the appearance of multinucleated giant cells was restricted to a period corresponding with the fulminant phase of inflammation. When the severity of the disease was modulated by immunization with various doses of the antigen, multinucleated giant cells appeared only in severe myocarditis after inoculation of a large dose of the antigen. Administration of immunoadjuvants also affected the formation of giant cells. Most of the rats injected with cardiac myosin in complete Freund's adjuvant developed giant cell myocarditis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Cardiac muscle cell damage through autoimmune mechanism--can cardiac proteins provoke autoimmune myocarditis?

In this paper, the ability of human cardiac myosin to provoke autoimmune myocarditis was investigated. Myosin fractions were immunized into A.SW. mice, Lewis rats or Hartley guinea pigs. All of the immunized rats displayed overt symptoms of myocarditis and, in a few cases, died from it. The hearts of these rats were enlarged and discolored. Histologically, the muscles of the heart were characterized by remarkable cell infiltration, extensive myofiber necrosis and the appearance of polynuclear giant cells. Neither mice nor guinea pigs showed such disease profile. In this novel experimental model, the disease state was transferable by T lymphocytes. Thus, cardiac myosin was shown to provoke muscle cell damage through a T cell mediated autoimmune process.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The anticancer effects of high energy shock waves on rat bladder cancer induced by BBN].

The in vivo anticancer effects of high energy shock waves (HESW), on bladder cancer induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN), were studied in the rat using the Siemens lithotriptor (Lithostar). There was no significant difference in the anticancer effects in delaying tumor growth, measured as the whole bladder weight including the weight of the cancer, between the groups with and without exposure to HESW. However, light microscopic examination revealed extensive submucosal bleeding and exfoliation of mucosa, and electron microscopic examination revealed degeneration of pleomorphic microvilli, swelling of mitochondria, and destruction of mitochondrial cristae in the cancer cells in bladders exposed to HESW. Flow cytometric determination of DNA content in the cancer cells exposed to HESW indicated a selective diminution of cells in the G2 and M phases and an increase of cells in the G0 and G1 phases of the cell cycle. While the mechanism of HESW-induced anticancer effect could not be determined on the basis of this study, these changes in the morphology and the cell cycle of cancer cells induced by HESW exposure suggest some kind of biological effects following exposure to HESW. It is expected that HESW be an effective method for the treatment of human cancer in combination with chemotherapy and radiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Preparation of a standard diet for out-patients in the study of lithogenesis].

With the development of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy treatment, the duration of hospitalization for stone patients fortunately has become shorter. However, a detailed analysis of lithogenesis is not possible during such patients' short hospital stays. We prepared a standard diet to be eaten at home for investigation of lithogenesis at the out-patient clinic. This diet was nutritionally well-balanced and contained the following: energy: 2000 Kcal, total protein: 70-75 g, animal protein: 30-35 g, carbohydrate: 510 g, fat and oil: 50-60 g, calcium: 600-630 mg and magnesium: 320 mg. The urine of 24 male patients with stones on a free diet and the same patients after 3 days on the standard diet was analyzed for urea-nitrogen, uric acid, sodium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, citric acid and oxalic acid. The results were compared with those in 17 healthy male subjects who were eating the standard diet (controls). It was found that 66% of hypercalciuria (greater than = 300 mg/day) on a free diet became normocalciuria on the standard diet. The hypercalciuria was therefore thought to be of dietary origin. Moreover, urinary excretion of urea nitrogen, uric acid, sodium and phosphorus by patients remarkably decreased after 3 days on the standard diet, which was not different from that of controls. These results suggest that the standard diet at home is useful in the screening of hypercalciuria and also quite adequate for patients with stones.

Adult↗