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Biomedical subjects

M Klink

Publications and source records attributed to M Klink.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Production of reactive nitrogen and oxygen intermediates in human granulocytes and monocytes during internalization of live BCG bacilli].

The production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen intermediates in granulocytes and macrophages from healthy volunteers, infected in vitro with live Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) mycobacteria, was estimated. Significant differences in the biochemical reactions induced by BCG bacilli in granulocytes and monocytes are described. The activity of phagocytes was also investigated in the cultures with cytokines: IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, GM-CSF, IL-4.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1999

The production of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor by murine macrophages infected with mycobacterial strains differing by hemolytic activity.

In this study, we compared the secretion of nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) by murine macrophages infected in vitro with hemolytic or unhemolytic mycobacteria isolates. We observed that unhemolytic mycobacteria induced more intensive NO production by macrophages and were more susceptible to bactericidal effect of mononuclear phagocytes than hemolytic mycobacterial strains. In contrast, the high-virulence hemolytic isolates induced significantly stronger TNF-alpha production by infected macrophages than the low-virulence unhemolytic bacilli.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Investigation of influence of Proteus mirabilis LPS polysaccharide part on the murine immune cells activation.

The biological activities were investigated of Proteus mirabilis lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) and their fragments, namely, the induction of nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin 1 (IL-1) synthesis by murine macrophages and the proliferation of murine spleen cells. The O-specific polysaccharide (F1), core oligosaccharide (F2) and lipid A were as effective as intact LPS in stimulating murine macrophages to produce NO. IL-1 synthesis was also induced by all studied types of endotoxins (S, Ra, Re) and partial structures, however F1, F2 and lipid A fractions required the presence of serum. In contrast to LPS, the O-specific polysaccharide, core oligosaccharide and lipid A were not able to induce the blast response of murine non-adherent splenocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

The comparison of some biological activities of lipopolysaccharides obtained from smooth and rough Proteus mirabilis strains.

The biological activity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) obtained from Proteus mirabilis smooth and rough strains was investigated. The tested endotoxins (differing in polysaccharide chain lenght) were isolated from wild S1959 strain as well as from its rough mutants Ra and Re. Induction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and nitric oxide production as well as activation of complement system by lipopolysaccharide are the pathophysiological reaction in a host response to gram-negative bacteria. In this study, it was found that S (S1959), Ra (R110) and Re (R45) chemotypes of LPS similarly induced the human neutrophils to release TNF-alpha. In contrast none of the LPS stimulated the neutrophils to synthesis of nitric oxide regardless of doses used and culture time. Te Re form of LPS showed the strongest anticomplementary activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Listeria monocytogenes infection in mice treated with pentoxifylline.

The course of L. monocytogenes infection was followed in mice treated with pentoxifylline (POF), a known inhibitor of endogenous tumor necrosis factor (TNF) formation. Administration of POF caused a delay in L. monocytogenes elimination which was probably related to a reduction the listericidal activity of macrophages and to an attenuation of delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) to Listeria antigens. In spite of this, some POF-treated mice were protected from lethal effects of virulent L. monocytogenes bacteria.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Neutrophil activation by bacterial endotoxins].

The endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS), major component of Gram-negative bacteria cell wall, activate numerous types of cells, neutrophils included. The chemical compositions of polysaccharide (O-specific polysaccharide and core oligosaccharide) and hydrophobic lipid A parts of LPS are presented. The bindings of LPSs to neutrophils resulted in signal transduction and neutrophils activation. Neutrophils, under LPS stimulation, generate oxygen radicals, nitric oxide and other components of inflammatory processes.

Endotoxins↗
PubMed1995

Listeria monocytogenes infection in pregnant mice: abnormalities in the function of non-adherent accessory light density dendritic cells.

Pregnant A/J mice were found to be more susceptible to the lethal effect of Listeria monocytogenes bacteria than virgin females. However, during the first four days of post-infection there was no difference in the elimination of Listeria from the spleens of pregnant and virgin mice. This suggests that the increase in the susceptibility of pregnant mice to pathogenic activity of L. monocytogenes was related to the diminution in Listeria-specific cellular reactions. Indeed, we found that non-adherent light density dendritic cells (DCs) from pregnant mice showed a marked reduction in the ability to form clusters with L. monocytogenes immune T lymphocytes and it is known that cell cluster formation between antigen presenting cells (APC) and responding T cells is required for antigen recognition as well as for cell proliferation. DCs from pregnant mice also demonstrated the decrease and an instability in the expression of H-2 class II molecules which play a crucial role in the recognition of exogenous antigens. The abnormalities demonstrated in the function of the light density dendritic cells from the spleens of pregnant mice could compromise cellular reactions to L. monocytogenes bacteria possibly resulting in increased susceptibility of pregnant mice to experimental listeriosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Feto-maternal immunoregulation].

One of the great mysteries in modern immunology is how extraembryonic membranes escape rejection by maternal immune response, although they express paternal genes/anti-genes which should stimulate allogenic recognition and rejection. Generally, two theories try to explain the pregnancy phenomenon. One of the emphasizes the role of immunosuppressive reactions in the protection of the fetus. On the contrary, the "immunotropism" theory insists on the importance of mother's immune response to paternal antigens of the conceptus. Moreover, the last years abound in discoveries on molecules regulating cell-cell interactions at the level of the initiation and effector stage of the immune response. The best examples of such molecules could be extracellular matrix proteins, integrins, interleukins and various growth factors. The discussion on those molecules as regards their role in the protection of the fetus was the main aim of this article.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Specific cellular and humoral reactions as markers of Listeria monocytogenes infections.

The purpose of the study was to test in experimental mouse model if some immunological parameters could be helpful in recognizing Listeria infections. Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) and ELISA tests carried out with soluble fractions of L. innocua (serotype 6a) or L. monocytogenes (serotype 4b) seem to be useful in detecting listeriosis at an early stage. Although crude antigen fractions were used in this study, very weak only nonspecific DTH reactions were observed in unifected animals and they could be easily distinguished from the DTH reactions developed by the animals infected with Listeria. However, genetic factors influenced specific anti-listerial reactivity and it was especially observed when DTH test was used as an indicator of Listeria infection. In contrast to DTH and ELISA tests, determination of antibodies active in agglutination or passive haemagglutination assay seem useless in detecting listeriosis at an early stage of infection.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1993

[Weakness of cellular response to Listeria antigens in pregnant mice].

It was found that pregnant mice exhibit increased susceptibility to lethal action of Listeria monocytogenes, although there was no correlation between increase of susceptibility of animals to lethal effect of bacteria and weakening of elimination of microorganisms from the spleen. Increased susceptibility of animals to listeriosis was accompanied by weakening of some parameters of cellular immunity. In pregnant mice of strains C57Bl/6, naturally resistant to infections, inhibition of II-1 by macrophages was found which at the same time exhibited depression of chemotaxis. Weakening of these macrophage functions did not influence the development of delayed hypersensitivity to Listeria antigen (LA) in C57Bl/6 mice--the reaction which was suppressed in pregnant mice of A/J strain which is characterized by natural susceptibility to listeriosis. Inhibition of development of delayed hypersensitivity to LA in A/J pregnant mice was caused by defective function of dendritic cells and T lymphocytes. Dendritic cells of A/J pregnant mice exhibited limited ability of presentation of LA to immune T lymphocytes isolated from animals infected with L. monocytogenes or L. innocula. On the other hand, immune T cells of A/J mice cultured with LA exhibited inhibition of proliferation and production of MIF.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Effects of gonadotrophin on resistance to Listeria monocytogenes infection in mice.

It was demonstrated that exogenous GH suppressed the resistance to L. monocytogenes infection in Listeria resistant C57Bl/6 and susceptible A/J mice. However, different parameters of the immunological reaction to Listeria were affected by GH treatment in these mouse strains. In C57Bl/6 mice GH decreased accumulation of macrophages at the inflammatory site. On the contrary, a depression of anti-listerial activity of the phagocytes and a reduction of DTH reaction to Listeria antigen was demonstrated in GH treated A/J mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Problems in defining normal limits for serum IgE.

Recommended "normal limits" for serum IgE generally assume that a single upper limit of normal can be applied to all adults. The present article describes the distribution of IgE levels in 2657 subjects in a general population sample in Tucson, Ariz. Limits of IgE defining the lower 5%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 90%, and 95% in 1569 subjects with negative allergy skin tests and without current asthma, considered a reference group, are provided by age and sex. These cutoffs are then used to compare groups with asthma and with positive allergy skin tests with the reference population. Distributions of IgE levels in these groups are vastly different, but defining an upper "limit of normal" for serum IgE is of doubtful clinical value because there is no single level of IgE that distinguishes different groups with any precision. The spread of IgE values is extremely wide in subjects with and without known allergic diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

A hypertensive emergency following cataract extraction and cornea transplantation.

We report a hypertensive crisis resulting from an unsuspected pheochromocytoma following a routine anterior segment procedure. Although pheochromocytomas are rare, ophthalmologists should be aware of the signs and symptoms of this tumor as well as of the possible role that postoperative administration of timolol may have in pheochromocytoma-triggered hypertension.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Prognostic factors of adult metastatic renal carcinoma: a multivariate analysis.

In order to define the prognostic factors for metastatic renal carcinoma, we reviewed 134 patients who were treated from 1971 through 1986. Survival rates were 72, 45, and 25% at 6, 12, and 18 months, respectively. Seventeen variables were tested using the logrank test. Improved survival was correlated with normal performance status, and an absence of fever, weight loss, hepatic metastasis, and lung metastasis (or, if lung metastasis was present, less than 2 cm in diameter and limited to one site), a disease-free interval, sedimentation rate less than 100, and renal surgery. Four variables retained significant value in the multivariate analysis: hepatic metastasis, lung metastasis, disease-free interval, and a variable combining the sedimentation rate and the weight loss (SWRL). Predictive survival rates based on these variables were calculated from the Cox model. Six subgroups of patients were identified. The estimation of survival is clinically of value for future phase II trials of chemotherapy in patients with adult metastatic renal carcinoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Twelve-year experience with chemotherapy in adult metastatic renal cell carcinoma at the Institut Gustave-Roussy.

One hundred fifty-three adult patients with metastatic renal carcinoma were treated over a 12-year period. Five successive chemotherapeutic protocols were used: vincristine or teniposide plus CCNU, elliptinium weekly or monthly, ifosfamide, and lastly, a multidrug regimen with adriamycin, vindesine, cyclophosphamide, cisplatinum, and dacarbazine. Results obtained with these different consecutive protocols were very disappointing with only ten (7%) objective responses encountered.

Adult↗