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Biomedical subjects

M Kitano

Publications and source records attributed to M Kitano.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Studies on pyridonecarboxylic acids. 1. Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 7-substituted-6-halo-4-oxo-4H-[1,3]thiazeto[3,2-a]quinoline-3- carboxylic acids.

A series of [1,3]thiazeto[3,2-a]quinoline-3-carboxylic acids and their esters were prepared and evaluated for antibacterial activity. The derivatives with a hydrogen or methyl group at C-1, fluorine at C-6, and piperazinyl or 4-methyl-1-piperazinyl group at C-7 showed superior in vitro antibacterial activity, and the derivatives with 4-methyl-1-piperazinyl group at C-7 had potent in vivo activity. Compound 29a (NM394) showed excellent in vitro antibacterial activity and low toxicity but poor absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Compound 29ee (NM441), an N-[(5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxol-4-yl)methyl] derivative of 29a, was found to possess a favorable pharmacokinetic profile and oral activity superior to that of ciprofloxacin in experimental animals.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

Meningioma of the mandible.

This is the first case report to the authors' knowledge of a primary extracranial meningioma located in the mandible. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells had intricate cellular membranes and desmosome-like attachment structures. Using immunohistochemical analysis, the tumor expressed both epithelial membrane antigen and vimentin. Although the origin of extracranial meningiomas has been attributed to proliferation of ectopic embryonal nests of arachnoidal cells, the proliferation of perineural cells of peripheral nerves also is possible as a result of the structural and functional similarities of perineural cell and arachnoid cells. The authors suggest that extracranial meningiomas may be more common than published reports indicate because of certain histologic similarities between these tumors, neurilemomas, and solitary neurofibromas.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1992

Paraganglioma of the posterior mediastinum: value of magnetic resonance imaging.

A case of paraganglioma arising in the posterior mediastinum in a 29-year-old man diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging is reported. Excision of mediastinal paraganglioma is often hazardous because of its rich vascular supply and tendency to involve surrounding structures. Magnetic resonance imaging is valuable for the preoperative diagnosis of this vascular tumor as well as for determination of its resectability and appropriate surgical procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Juvenile angiofibroma of the maxillary sinus. A case report.

The clinicopathological features of a rare case of juvenile angiofibroma originating from the maxillary sinus of a 13-year-old boy are reported. This tumor was composed of angiomatous and fibrous structures. The analysis of nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) of the various components of this tumor indicated that the fundamental elements were the fibroblastic cells, rather than the vascular endothelial cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Strain difference of susceptibility to 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide-induced tongue carcinoma in rats.

Strain difference of susceptibility to 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO)-induced squamous cell carcinomas of the tongue among Dark-Agouti, Long-Evans, Sprague-Dawley, ACI/Ms, Fischer 344, Donryu and Wistar/Furth rats was surveyed by evaluating the survival times, incidences and sizes of developed tumors as markers of susceptibility. Administration of 4NQO dissolved in drinking water induced squamous cell carcinomas in various sites of the upper digestive tract mucosa of all the experimental male and female rats of the seven strains. Regarding the mean survival times, Wistar/Furth rats survived much longer than any other strain of rats, and Dark-Agouti showed the shortest survival. The incidence of large, mass-type carcinomas of the tongue of Dark-Agouti rats was higher than in any other strain of rats, while that of Wistar/Furth rats was the lowest. Subsequently the mitotic activity and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in the tongue epithelium of Dark-Agouti and Wistar/Furth rats were estimated after a short-term administration of 4NQO. There was a pronounced difference between the two strains of rats, because the proliferative responses of the tongue epithelium of Dark-Agouti rats to the 4NQO stimulation were much higher than those of Wistar/Furth rats. These results indicated that there are marked differences in the susceptibility to 4NQO-induced tongue carcinoma among the seven strains of rats, and that Dark-Agouti and Wistar/Furth rats could be useful as models of highly and poorly susceptible strains, respectively, for further genetic analysis.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical study of bioabsorbable PGA sheets for suture reinforcement and use as artificial pleura].

Bioabsorbable PGA non-woven fabric sheets were used to treat 103 patients who underwent pulmonary surgery in three hospitals, and their handleability, applicability, drainage time after surgery and subsequent side effects were studied. For suture reinforcement, these sheets showed satisfactory handleability, applicability and effectiveness for hemostasis and prevention of air leakage at the suture sites. Since this material has good compatibility with fibrin glue, use of these two materials in combination reduced both the operation time and postoperative drainage period. For small fistula and pleural defects, attachment of the sheets with fibrin glue to create an artificial pleura was sufficient for prevention air leakage without suturing. No side effects or complications were observed, and the postoperative courses of all 103 patients were uneventful. These findings suggest that PGA sheets are acceptable for suture reinforcement in the pulmonary surgery, and that when used with fibrin glue, can simplify surgery for emphysematous lung disease and shorten the period of postoperative air leakage.

Absorption↗
PubMed1992

[Changes of plombage-operations in respiratory surgery].

The first plombage-operation for pulmonary tuberculosis was by Dr. Nagaishi (1947) and Dr. Wilson, who developed the plombage method employing hollow polymethylmethacrylate spheres. Although the method presented a relatively effective option at a time when no effective drugs were available, its use was discontinued because of such complications as lung injury, cavity-perforation, and empyema. Therefore, soft elastic resin materials, such as those used in sponge-plombage and air-plombage, replaced the hard resin materials. Each plombage method is associated with a certain medical historical period, in Japan. Still the "Kinchyu" method was used. However, the complication of chronic empyema with bronchopleural fistula was difficult to treat. A notable recent method is the pedicled omentum plombage method, which is effective in the treatment of patients who have not responded to standard operations. Finally there was surely a clinical significance in each medical historical period.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[A case of mediastinal liposarcoma].

Primary liposarcomas of the mediastinum are rare neoplasms comprising only 0.13-0.75% of mediastinal tumors. We report a case of liposarcoma arising in the right posterior mediastinum. A 74-year-old man without symptoms was admitted to our hospital for evaluation of an abnormal shadow on chest roentgenogram. Computed tomogram (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a mediastinal tumor. The tumor was surgically removed, and the diagnosis of well-differentiated liposarcoma was established. MR imaging was superior to CT in evaluation of tumor extent, but not in differential diagnosis as liposarcoma or lipoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[A case of so-called carcinosarcoma of the lung].

A 65-year-old male was admitted to our institute because of bloody sputum. A tumor in right S6 was detected by X-ray, CT and MRI. Bronchoscopic study showed that the right lower bronchus was occluded by the tumor, in which non-epithelial malignant cells were detected. Therefore right bilobectomy was performed. This tumor was a pedunculated endobronchial type measuring 6 x 4 x 3cm. Histologically, the tumor presented carcinomatous (squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma) and sarcomatous elements. Immunohistologically, many malignant cells were positively stained by vimentin and muscle-actin, which suggested differentiation from muscle components.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Therapeutic application of Nd-YAG laser treatment for the chest surgery area].

Laser therapy is now a well-established procedure and an accepted method of treatment in thoracic surgery. Therefore, using Nd-YAG laser (Model Md-50 Y) at hospital, we had discussed for the technique and its indication of laser therapeutic application against chest diseases. The following results were obtained; 1) The first object of endoscopic laser therapy is to keep the normal air-way from tracheobronchial stenosis or its bleeding as fast as possible. 2) As this laser techniques are not only the quick expansion of the residual lung but also relative absence of air-leak and blood loss, they are indicated for open lung biopsy or partial resection of metastatic lung tumors, particularly in patients with poor pulmonary function. 3) In conjunction with standard surgical technique of chest surgery, this laser treatment provides numerous other possibilities which facilitate the achievement of the therapeutic goal of surgical operation on the lungs.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Location of a DBS-electrode in lateral thalamus for deafferentation pain. An autopsy case report.

Pain relief was obtainable when deep brain stimulation was tried in the sensory thalamic nucleus in a patient with deaffereantation pain to cervical myelopathy. The electrode was histologically verified in post-mortem examination after 20 months and the localization of contact points of the implanted electrode was estimated. The cathode appeared to have been placed in the region from Vim to the rostral border of Vci while the anode was in the medical lemniscus region. Stimulation of the Vim nucleus might have had a pain relieving effects because no facial paraesthesiae was evoked by stimulation. The implanted electrode caused only minor histological changes.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1991

Aquatic toxicity testing for multicomponent compounds with special reference to preparation of test solution.

An adequate method of determining the toxicity of a compound consisting of multiple components, such as creosote, coal tar, and coal tar pitch, was studied for different test solution preparation methods, i.e., direct dosing without filtration, diluting the stock solution of saturated concentration, and dispersing with acetone. Killifish, Oryzias latipes, as a freshwater fish; red sea bream, Pagrus major, as a saltwater fish; and daphnia, Daphnia magna, as a representative crustacean, were used for testing. The chemical analysis of each preparation of test solution with gas chromatography revealed an entirely different profile of the components. The highest toxicity was obtained with preparation by acetone dispersion. That was followed by the preparations with direct dosing method and with the method of dilution of saturated concentration stock solution. Considering the results obtained, the direct dosing method with a suitable settling time may provide useful information enabling extrapolation of the test results to the natural environment for complex multicomponent compounds.

Acetone↗
PubMed1991

ATP-dependent taurocholate transport by rat liver canalicular membrane vesicles.

We conducted an experimental study to examine the possibility that ATP is involved in the mechanism by which bile acids are excreted through the liver canalicular membrane in opposing the concentration gradient. Canalicular membrane vesicles were purified from the livers of Sprague-Dawley rats, and the uptake of tritiated sodium taurocholate into canalicular membrane vesicles was determined by rapid filtration technique. Vesicle-associated sodium taurocholate was increased in the presence of ATP and ATP-regenerating system. This was also observed at a voltage-clamped condition. ATP-dependent uptake into the osmotically reactive intravesicular space was saturated with increasing concentrations of sodium taurocholate (Km = 47 mumol/L, Vmax = 270 pmoles/mg protein.20s). ATP-dependent uptake increased to the point of saturation when the sodium taurocholate concentration was 50 mumol/L and the ATP concentration was increased from 0 to 1 mmol/L (Km = 64 mumol/L). Among the several nucleotides used, ATP was a potent stimulator of transport, whereas a nonhydrolyzable analogue (i.e., adenosine 5'-[beta,gamma-imino]triphosphate) showed no effect. In addition, ATP-dependent transport was inhibited by vanadate in a dose-dependent manner. From these results it was concluded that the primary active transport of sodium taurocholate is present in hepatocellular canalicular membranes. This transport is directly dependent on ATP, and hydrolysis of gamma-phosphate of ATP is required.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1991

In vitro antibacterial activity of a new quinolone, NM394.

NM394 is a new 6-fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent with a tricyclic structure which has a bridge that connects the N-1 and C-2 positions of the quinolone. The antibacterial activity of NM394 against clinical isolates of staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci, members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was equal to or one-half that of ciprofloxacin. NM394 was as active as ofloxacin against gram-positive bacteria and was two to eight times more active against gram-negative bacteria, including P. aeruginosa. NM394 was two to eight times more active than enoxacin against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The MICs of NM394 against Escherichia coli and P. aeruginosa at pH 5.5 were reduced 4 to 16 times compared with those at pH 7.0. Ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and enoxacin were 2 to 32 times less active against these two bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus at an acidic pH than they were at pH 7.0. In the presence of 5 mM Mg2+, the MICs of all of these drugs increased 2 to 32 times, but they were only slightly affected by 5 mM Ca2+, type of medium, serum, or size of inoculum. NM394 showed potent bactericidal activity and inhibited the supercoiling activity of E. coli DNA gyrase. The in vitro antibacterial profile of NM394 is similar to that of other 6-fluoroquinolones.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1991

In vivo evaluation of NM441, a new thiazeto-quinoline derivative.

NM441 is a lipophilic prodrug of a new thiazeto-quinoline carboxylic acid derivative NM394, and when it is administered orally it is readily absorbed and hydrolyzed to its parent compound. After oral administration of NM441 at a dose of 20 mg/kg to dogs, the peak concentration of NM394 in plasma was 2.39 micrograms/ml, whereas it was 0.63 micrograms/ml for NM394 administered alone. The in vivo activity of NM441 was compared with those of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and enoxacin in mouse protection studies. NM441 was as effective as ofloxacin and was twice as effective as ciprofloxacin against systemic infection with Staphylococcus aureus. Against infections with streptococci, NM441 was two to three times as effective as ofloxacin and five times as effective as ciprofloxacin. Against infection with Escherichia coli, NM441 was as effective as ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin, but against infections with Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, NM441 was two to four times as effective as ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. NM441 was three to seven times as effective as enoxacin in systemic infections. Against urinary tract infections with E. coli, NM441 reduced the number of bacterial CFU per gram of kidney by 1 to 2 log10 more and, with P. aeruginosa, by 1 to 6 log10 more than did ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. Against respiratory tract infections with K. pneumoniae, NM441 was as effective as ofloxacin and was twice as effective as ciprofloxacin.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Odontogenic epithelial hamartoma of the gingiva: a case report.

A rare case of odontogenic epithelial hamartoma of the gingiva in a 63-year-old Japanese female is reported. This tumor-like lesion probably originated from the reduced tooth-forming tissues such as rests of dental lamina lying dormant in the gingiva after odontogenesis. The differential diagnosis of this lesion from many other odontogenic and glandular tumors is important; however, through careful clinico-pathological examinations, it would not be a very difficult task.

Connective Tissue↗
PubMed1991

[Role of surgical treatment in thoracic empyema with bronchopleural and/or thoracic empyema].

Sixty-nine patients with thoracic empyema treated surgically were experienced from May, 1978 through December, 1990. Thirty-nine cases had bronchopleural and/or thoracic fistula. Thirty-two patients were associated with pulmonary tuberculosis, of whom fourteen had tuberculous empyema and eighteen were sequelae of pulmonary tuberculosis or tuberculous pleurisy. The remainder were postoperative, postpneumonic, and posttraumatic empyemas. Of fourteen patients who developed postoperative bronchopleural fistula, there were ten patients who had lobectomy or pneumonectomy for lung cancers. Omental pedicle flap method, in which empyema space was filled with the omentum and pedicled muscle flap, was performed on 19 patients with bronchopleural or thoracic fistula or both. Fifteen patients were cured successfully by single-stage procedure, though there was one operative death due to aspiration pneumonia, and two recurrences which were treated by muscle plombages. There was another patient who had multiple surgical procedures in the past resulting in partial recurrences, but the fistula of this patient subsequently closed without reoperation. Postoperative decrease of %VC, FEV1.0/PVC were minimal. Treatment of long standing bronchopleural fistula is a difficult problem, and our omental pedicle flap method is relatively simple and safe which can be most suitably applied to those patients in whom other procedures have failed and to those with poor pulmonary functions.

Adolescent↗