The mechanism of Ca overload-induced myocardial cell injury under hypoxia was examined for the involvement of calcium-activated neutral proteases (CANP), calcium-dependent phospholipases (CDP) or prostaglandins with measuring 45Ca entry, intake of biologically inert dye, nigrosin, into the cultured myocytes, as was useful for the quantification of sarcolemma permeability, and the release of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) to the culture medium. A Ca channel blocker, verapamil (1 and 10 micrograms/ml) or a Ca ionophore, A23187 (0.5 to 4 micrograms/ml) dose-dependently decreased or increased both the Ca entry and nigrosin intake in accordance with the CPK release. Furthermore, the inhibitors against CANP, NCO-700 (2 and 20 micrograms/ml) that was demonstrated to permeate sarcolemma using 14C-labelled reagent, against CDP, mepacrine (1 and 10 micrograms/ml) or against cyclooxygenase, indomethacin (1 and 10 micrograms/ml) caused no effect on the Ca entry, nigrosin intake nor CPK release under hypoxia. These results suggest that the Ca overdose into the myocardial cells potentiates their injury and it is not primarily related to the activation of CANP, CDP nor cyclooxygenase.

Aniline Compounds↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term survival in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: case report and literature review.

The case reported concerns a 29-year-old man who was seen because of clinical and laboratory features consistent with Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome. While an infant he underwent splenectomy for thrombocytopenia. Evaluation revealed small platelets, abnormal immunoglobulin levels, impaired delayed hypersensitivity, and mildly reduced neutrophil chemotaxis. His response to vaccination with polyvalent pneumococcal vaccine was subnormal. Possible factors accounting for his long-term survival are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental study on Meniere's disease.

Experimental hydrops caused by underabsorption of endolymphatic fluid is a model of remissional stage of Meniere's disease. In this study, another type of model, ie, hydrops caused by overproduction of endolymphatic fluid, was accomplished by applying various pressures into scala media through a micropipette via stria vascularis. This type of hydrops could be a model of attacks of Meniere's disease. By using two types of the model, effects of glycerol administration and of opening the endolymphatic sac were discussed.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The furosemid test for Menière's disease.

In a previous report it was suggested that intravenous administration of furosemid followed by a comparative caloric test (the furosemid test) could be utilized for detection of endolymphatic hydrops (Kitahara et al., 1973). As a result of the further application of the furosemid test upon 161 patients with vertigo, positive results were observed in 80% of patients with typical Menière's disease, 6% of atypical Menière's disease, 42% with labyrinthine syphilis and 27% with sudden deafness. In patients with labyrinthitis, results were negative. It is thus concluded that the furosemid test provides positive evidence for determining the etiology of vertigo.

Audiometry↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of the furosemide and glycerol tests for Meniere's disease. With special reference to the bilateral lesion.

The feasibility of furosemide test for the detection of endolymphatic hydrops has previously been discussed (Authors, 1973, 1975). The glycerol test also has been reported as being effective for the same purpose but only in Meniere patients with fluctuating hearing loss (Klockhoff & Lindblom, 1966). In 48 patients with Meniere's disease, both the furosemide test (F-test) and the glycerol test (G-test) were performed on 51 ears including 3 cases of bilateral involvement. The average value of urine volume in the F-test was significantly greater than that for the G-test. The decrease in tinnitus was 40% in the former, 45% in the latter. The F-test yielded a positive rate of 73%, and the G-test, 45%. The results were thus: positive in the both tests, i.e., F+: G+ were 17 (33%); F+: G-, 20 (39%); F-: G+, 6 (12%), and both negative, F-: G-, only (16%). The side effects of the F-test were nil, but those of the G-test were as follows: headache (29%), nausea (4%), and increase in tinnitus (9%). The response increase of the hydropic labyrinth caused by the two kinds of systemic dehydration over-lapped in part and differed in part, as a result of the differing diuretic mechanisms and their respective affinities to the cochlea and the vestibulum. The furosemide test may be based on the action of the vestibular response type, which is caused by natriuretic dehydration accompanying the more sensitive response increase in caloric-induced nystagmus, while the glycerol test may be based on the action of the cochlear response type, owing to osmotic diuresis manifested as hearing shift. The correlation between labyrinthine hydrops and dehydration was discussed and it was concluded that these double test were quite adequate methods for choice of treatment of not only unilateral Meniere's disease in its various stages but also in bilateral involvements.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Histopathologic findings in surgical specimens of endolymphatic sac in Meniere's disease.

Two types of abnormality in the endolymphatic sac acquired at shunt surgery are presented. One was deep brown pigmentation in the subepithelial connective tissue. The pigment did not react to Prussian blue, thus ruling out hemosiderin. The other, in seven out of eight specimens, was the perisaccular fibrosis. The fibrotic foci in four cases were assumed, from the findings under ordinary illumination and polarized light microscopy, to be reorganized scar tissue.

Atrophy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Proceedings: 10. On the mathematical analysis of mitosis of Tradescantia virginiana (author's transl)].

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Mathematics↗