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Biomedical subjects

M Kita

Publications and source records attributed to M Kita.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Enhancement of cell growth by human interferons].

The effects of human interferons (HuIFN) on the human osteosarcoma cells were examined. HuIFN-alpha, -beta and -gamma enhanced dose-dependently the cell growth. There was no difference in the degree of the enhancement of the cell growth among HuIFN-alpha, -beta and -gamma. The higher the cell density was, the lower the degree of the enhancement of the cell growth. When HuIFN-gamma was neutralized with anti-HuIFN-gamma, the enhancement of cell growth was not found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Induction of interleukins by mycoplasma in culture of human mononuclear leukocytes].

Mycoplasma shows a variety of effects on immune system, including the activation of macrophage, the increase in T cell cytotoxicity, and the enhancement of the proliferation and maturation of B cells, etc. As it is well known that many cytokines regulate the immune system, it is interesting to examine whether or not human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) produce interleukin (IL) in response to mycoplasmas. In the present study, human PMBC were incubated with 7 species of mycoplasmas for 48 hours, and IL-1 beta, IL-2 and IL-6 activities in the supernatants were determined by ELISA. All the species of mycoplasmas were able to induce IL-1 beta and IL-6, although IL-2 was induced only by M. pneumoniae. These results suggest that the influence of mycoplasma infection on immune system may be partly due to the interleukins induced by mycoplasmas.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Interferon-alpha treatment leads to accumulation of virus particles on the surface of cells persistently infected with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

The effect of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) on virus replication in cells acutely infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and virus production from cells persistently infected with HIV-1 was studied. In both cell systems, significant suppression was observed. However, this suppression was not due to protein synthesis of the major viral proteins. Electron microscopy revealed the accumulation of intact virus particles on the cell surface of the cells treated with IFN-alpha. Thus, IFN-alpha might suppress the release stage of the particle from infected cells.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1990

[Radical radiotherapy of cervical cancer].

At present, surgery and radiotherapy have been employed successfully to manage carcinoma of the cervix. Generally, the choice of treatment is determined primarily by the stage of the disease. Radiotherapy for cervical cancer must be consist ed of external radiotherapy and brachytherapy. Brachytherapy is a significant and important part of the overall management of the patients with cervical cancer. The selection of a given therapeutic modality depends on the general condition of the patients, gross characteristics of the tumor and availability of expertise to offer adequate radiation therapy.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1990

[A polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel as a soft contact lens material].

A transparent polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel was prepared from a PVA solution in a mixed solvent consisting of water and a water miscible organic solvent by cooling. The physical properties were evaluated in comparison with commercially available soft contact lens materials, such as polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate (PHEMA) and copolymers of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and N-vinyl pyrrolidone (VP). The PVA hydrogel showed higher tensile strength and elongation at break than the other materials, while it had high water content and oxygen permeability the latter being comparable to those of PMMA/VP copolymers. The protein adsorption of the PVA hydrogel was much less than those of the other materials. The PVA hydrogel soft contact lenses were applied on rabbit eyes for 12 weeks. The influence on the cornea was studied by biomicroscopy, ultrasonic corneal pachymetry and histopathological examination. These examinations revealed no abnormal findings in the cornea. These results suggest that the PVA hydrogel may be promising as a new soft contact lens material.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1990

Measurement of retinal adhesive force in the in vivo rabbit eye.

A new method to evaluate the retinal adhesive force, which was defined as the force needed to achieve adhesive failure per unit length, in the in vivo rabbit eye was tested. A small dome-shaped retinal detachment (bleb) was made in the posterior pole by injecting balanced salt solution into the subretinal space. A separate measuring micropipette with a tip diameter of 5 microns was inserted into the subretinal space. The subretinal pressure was measured directly with the resistance servonulling method as the solution was injected repeatedly into the subretinal space. According to Laplace's law, the retinal adhesive force per unit length in normal Dutch rabbits was calculated to be (1.8 +/- 0.2) X 10(2) dyn/cm (n = 87). This value was about five times larger than that reported previously with in vitro peeling methods. The new method will resolve several problems encountered in the previous methods and will allow for the measurement of the retinal adhesive force more physiologically and precisely.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1990

[The effects of vortex vein ligation and partial scleral resection on the subretinal fluid resorption].

The effects of the choroidal congestion and lamellar scleral resection on the resorption of the subretinal fluid were studied. Small localized retinal detachments were made in pigmented rabbit eyes by injecting balanced salt solution into the subretinal space. In these control eyes, the subretinal fluid was gradually absorbed and the retina was reattached within 160 +/- 21 min. Choroidal congestion was obtained by ligating a couple of vortex veins. To avoid the effects of IOP on the subretinal fluid resorption, IOP was constantly maintained at 20 mmHg by manometry in all experimental eyes. In these eyes, the resorption time was prolonged about 45% compared with the control eyes. After releasing the choroidal congestion by partial thickness scleral resection, the prolonged resorption time was shortened about 19%, but was still 17% longer than that in the non-treated eyes. The present data suggest that the lamellar scleral resection releases the elevated choroidal tissue pressure and is helpful to evacuate the subretinal space.

Absorption↗
PubMed1989

Phase II randomized clinical trial of LC9018 concurrently used with radiation in the treatment of carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Its effect on tumor reduction and histology.

The clinical efficacy of LC9018, a biological response modifier prepared from heat-killed Lactobacillus casei YTT9018, used in combination with radiation was studied in a randomized controlled trial on 61 patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix of Stage IIB or III. The combination therapy with LC9018 demonstrated a significant effect on tumor reduction, compared with radiation therapy alone, at the cumulative doses of 15-Gy and 30-Gy external irradiation (P less than 0.05). Histologic study confirmed that LC9018 also enhanced the therapeutic effect of the irradiation. Moreover, LC9018 seemed to be useful in protecting the patients from leukopenia during radiotherapy. This study suggests that LC9018, when used in combination with radiotherapy, will be an effective adjuvant immunotherapeutic agent. More studies in a large series of patients will, however, be needed to establish its long-term efficacy, safety, and effects on both prognosis and enhancing radiotherapy.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

Rapid homogeneous enzyme immunoassay of plasma protein C.

A homogeneous EIA (H-EIA) technique for plasma protein C antigen using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was developed. This technique, which avoids the bound/free separation and washing procedures and shortens the assay time to 30 min, has several advantages over the conventional EIA technique. The measurement was valid for 1.0% to 200% of the plasma protein C level and had intraassay coefficients of variation of 2.3-11.0%. The results of this assay correlated well with those of conventional sandwich EIA (x) with a regression equation of y = 0.782x + 6.637, r = 0.911 (n = 59). This method, which may also be applicable to automatic assay systems, is considered to be suited for clinical laboratory use.

Antigens↗
PubMed1989

A comparative study of the JJC, AJC and UICC T classifications of squamous cell carcinoma of the maxillary sinus.

Seventy-six cases with squamous cell carcinoma of the maxillary sinus were treated with radiotherapy and surgery with or without intra arterial infusion between 1969 to 1985 at the Tokyo Women's Medical College. T classification was made of all cases using the Japan Joint Committee (JJC, 1967), American Joint Committee (AJC, 1977) and Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC, 1987) classifications. 1) By the JJC classification, there were 20 cases in T2, 44 in T3 and 12 in T4. By the AJC classification, there were 9 cases in T2, 58 in T3 and 9 in T4. The classification of 14 cases were changed from JJC T2 to AJC T3, because of extension to the medial nasal meatus. By the UICC classification, there were 27 T2 cases, 32 T3 and 17 T4. 2) Cervical lymph node metastasis was detected in 14 cases (18%) at initial diagnosis and most were found in T3 and T4 cases. 3) The cumulative 5-year survival rates were 67% for T2, 32% for T3 and 25% for T4 by the JJC classification and statistical differences (p less than 0.05) were seen in T2-T3 and T2-T4. In the AJC classification, these were 71% for T2, 37% for T3 and 22% for T4 and no statistical significance was found among them. By the UICC classification, the 5-year survival was 58% for T2, 26% for T3 and 38% for T4 and marked statistical significance (p less than 0.01) was seen in T2-T3 and T2-T4. 4) The cumulative 5-year survival rate in 14 patients with tumor extension to the medial nasal meatus was 55% and it is appropriate to define this stage as T2 in the new UICC classification. These data suggested that UICC classification (1987) is useful and correlated with prognostic analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical evaluation of radiotherapy in recurrent colorectal cancer].

Eighty four patients with recurrent colorectal cancer were treated by radiotherapy at Tokyo Women's Medical College from January 1969 to September 1987. 1) Sixty four cases (76% of all) recurred within 2 years after initial surgery. 2) the most common initial recurrent site was primary lesion alone (58%) and followed by primary lesion and distant metastasis (18%), lymph node metastasis (13%) and others (11%). 3) Over all response rate (CR + PR) was 57% (20/35). There was no relationship between response rate and total dose. By treatment procedure, response rate was 50% (12/24) in radiotherapy alone, 50% (1/2) in surgery and radiotherapy, and 70% (7/10) in radiotherapy and intra-arterial infusion. 4) Pain relief was obtained 92% of cases. 5) After initial recurrences, 50% of survival time was 12 months and 5 year cumulative survival rate was 7%. In the cases of responders (CR + PR), 5 years survival rate was 11% and there were no 3 years survivors in the cases of non responders (MR + NC). 6) There were no serious acute reaction and late complications. These data suggested that radiotherapy for recurrent colorectal cancer were effective and useful.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Multiple primary malignant neoplasms of the head and neck.

This report analyzed the 7,763 cases treated at T.W.M.C., where radiotherapy has been mainly used, between 1968 and 1984. Of these, 258 cases (3.3%) had multiple primary malignant neoplasms, among which 88 cases involved head and neck cancer. The incidence averaged 1.6% during the first 5 years, but increased to an average of 5.7% during the last 5 years. Among head and neck cancer the incidence of multiple primary malignant neoplasms was 8.5% (88/1,033) and the incidence has been gradually increasing annually. Cancers of the head and neck were frequently combined with another primary lesion in the head and neck area or in the digestive tract, especially esophagus and stomach, followed by one in the both cases. The great majority of cancers in the head and neck occurred as the first cancer at age 60-70. The head and neck region is where the respiratory system and digestive system, including lymphatic organs originate and where the external carcinogenic factors enter into the body. These data suggested that multiple primary malignant neoplasms have been increasing in number and becoming an increasing problem. The possibility of multiple primary malignant neoplasms should not be forgotten in routine cancer related clinical work.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Combination therapy of cyclosporine with steroid inhibits gamma-interferon and interleukin-1 gene expression at the level of mRNA synthesis in vivo.

The present study examined the effect of cyclosporine (CsA) administered with steroid in vivo on the capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from kidney transplant recipients to generate cytokines and their gene expression at the level of messenger RNA (mRNA). PBMC from CsA-prednisolone (Pred)-treated recipients displayed 66.9% inhibition (54.3 +/- 12.4 IU/ml; N = 42; P less than 0.01) of gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN) production compared with normal individuals (134.6 +/- 18.6 IU/ml; N = 23). Azathioprine (Az)-Pred-treated recipients displayed significantly less inhibition of gamma-IFN generation (96.0 +/- 16.1 IU/ml; N = 22; P less than 0.05) than CsA-treated patients. Macrophages (m phi) from CsA-Pred-treated recipients displayed 60.0% inhibition (5.1 +/- 0.7 U/ml; N = 20; P less than 0.01) of interleukin-1 (IL-1) production compared with normal individuals (13.0 +/- 2.9 U/ml; N = 21). These results were confirmed by the experiments using cDNA probe for gamma-IFN or IL-1 (alpha, beta). High levels of gamma-IFN mRNA in phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated PBMC or IL-1(beta) mRNA in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated m phi were present in normal individuals but not in CsA-treated recipients as judged by hybridization to a cloned human gamma-IFN or IL-1(beta) cDNA probe. These studies demonstrated that combination therapy of CsA with steroid inhibits both gamma-IFN and IL-1 gene expression at the level of mRNA at physiological concentrations.

Cyclosporins↗
PubMed1989

Results of radiotherapy for inoperable locally advanced esophageal cancer.

Three hundred and eleven patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer were treated by radiation therapy from 1968 to 1983 at Tokyo Women's Medical College. Of these, 288 patients with previously untreated, histologically confirmed squamous cell carcinoma but previously treated with curative intent, were eligible for analysis. The cumulative 5-year survival rate of 288 patients given radical radiotherapy was 9.0%. Sex, tumor length, and Stage (AJC) had a great influence on prognosis. The five-year survival rate in males was 5.4% and in females was 22.4%. The five-year survival rate in cases with a tumor length of 5 cm or less was 17.7% in 5-10 cm was 10.0%, and in 10 cm or above was 2.8% and they were 20.2% for Stage I, 9.9% for Stage II, and 2.6% for Stage III. There were no significant differences of survival rate among age, tumor site, and tumor type on X ray film. This data suggests that comparatively early, small-volume tumors share a significant potential for cure by radiotherapy, but potent combined therapy is necessary for the treatment of advanced cancers.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The effect of intraventricular interferon on subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

Two patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) were treated with intraventricular alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) via an Ommaya reservoir for 20-57 months. The clinical course of the disease was followed for 20-67 months. Clinical improvement was observed after daily intraventricular administration of IFN in one case. There were no serious complications or side effects during interferon therapy except for the fever. Intraventricular administration of IFN appears superior to intrathecal administration for long-term treatment in several respects and is considered to be a potential therapeutic modality for SSPE.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of stress on interferon production in mice].

In order to study the effect of stress on the interferon (IFN) production, we determined the IFN-alpha/beta and -gamma producing capacities in restraint-stressed and SART-stressed mice. Restraint-stress caused not only a significant reduction in body weight, but also a reduction in the weight of spleen. The IFN-alpha/beta producing capacity by Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was significantly lower in the stressed mice. The IFN-gamma producing capacity by both Con-A and PHA-P was also depressed by this stress. On the other hand, SART-stress, whose severity was thought to be mild because no loss of body and spleen weights was seen, did not affect IFN-alpha/beta and -gamma producing capacities. These results suggest that the suppression of IFN producing capacity is dependent on the severity of physical stress.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Update on a titration method for measuring the interferon-producing capacity in humans].

To make it possible to measure the interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) producing capacity in a great number of healthy donors and patients, we developed the simple method (the whole blood method). For the measurement of the IFN-producing capacity, the heparinized blood was incubated with Sendai virus at 37 degrees C for 20 hours. The IFN activity of the culture supernatants was determined by the cytopathic effect inhibition assay. We measured the IFN-producing capacity in 531 healthy donors and 130 cancer patients. The results showed that the IFN-producing capacity in cancer patients was significantly lower than that in healthy donors. Although there were individual variations in the IFN-producing capacity, no age and sex differences were observed. These results indicate that this method is useful for the measurement of IFN-producing capacity in human.

Anticoagulants↗