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Biomedical subjects

M Kiss

Publications and source records attributed to M Kiss.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Identification of a soluble interleukin-8 inhibitor in the supernatant of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and hyperproliferative diseases in various organs. The purpose of the present investigation was to establish whether there is any naturally occurring inhibitor of IL-8. Here we demonstrate that an IL-8 inhibitor (IL-8INH) is present in the supernatant of polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes. The release of IL-8INH could be increased by stimulating the PMN leukocytes by concanavalin A. IL-81NH blocks the IL-8-induced chemotaxis and Candida albicans killing activity of PMN leukocytes and epidermal cells in vitro, and IL-8-induced neutrophil infiltration in the mouse ear in vivo. The mechanism of action of IL-8INH involves blocking of 125I-IL-8 binding to the IL-8 receptor. Binding of 125I-IL-8 to neutrophils could not be displaced by the IL-8INH, however, preincubation of 125I-IL-8 with IL-8INH increased binding inhibition, suggesting an interaction between IL-8 and the inhibitor. Crosslinking of 125I-IL-8 to IL-8INH shows that IL-8INH binds specifically to 125I-IL-8, and the IL-8INH protein has an apparent molecular weight of 52 kDa in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The partial purification of the IL-8INH on DEAE-Sephadex anion-exchange chromatography column also suggests a 50-60-kDa inhibitor protein which blocks IL-8-induced effects on neutrophils by binding to IL-8.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Chest tube insertion: a prospective evaluation of pain management.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate pain associated with chest tube insertion in a group of patients with malignant pleural effusions. DESIGN: Prospective case series. SETTING: Acute care cancer center in an academic institution. PATIENTS: Fifty-two patients with symptomatic malignant pleural effusions. Twenty-six evaluated by conventional approach to chest tube insertion (group 1), 26 evaluated after institution of a new chest tube protocol (group 2). INTERVENTIONS: A new protocol was designed to improve pain control during chest tube insertion. The protocol included improved housestaff and nursing education, premedication, proper insertion techniques, and more liberal and precise delivery of local anesthetic. OUTCOME MEASURES: Both groups were evaluated by a verbal self-report scale (1-10) to assess pain and anxiety. RESULTS: The mean pain rating in group 1 was 6.2 (+/-0.76) compared with 3.7 (+/-5.6) in group 2 (p < 0.01). In group 1, pain or anxiety was 9 or 10 in 12 of 26 on a scale of 1 to 10, compared with 2 of 26 in group 2 (p < 0.001). Anxiety rating was 4.5 (+/-0.72) in group 1 compared with 1.5 (+/-0.54) in group 2 (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Chest tube insertion was associated with an unacceptably high level of pain and anxiety in our hospital. A new protocol, including housestaff education and changes in nursing policies, technical aspects, local anesthetic dose and delivery, and pre-medication, allowed us to approach the goal of a painless chest tube insertion.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1998

The use of skin substrates deficient in basement membrane molecules for the diagnosis of subepidermal autoimmune bullous disease.

A case is presented of subepidermal, autoimmune bullous disease in which the initial examinations suggested the combination of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita and bullous pemphigoid. The diagnosis of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita was made by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy: the patient's serum bound to normal skin substrate but not to type VII collagen-deficient skin substrate derived from a patient with mutilating dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. The use of skin substrates deficient in basement membrane molecules also excluded the presence of concomitant, circulating bullous pemphigoid autoantibodies in our patient. The diagnosis of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita was confirmed by split mapping, fluorescence overlay antigen mapping and Western blot.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus; human herpesvirus 8].

The discovery of a new human herpesvirus in Kaposi's sarcoma tissues of AIDS patients has opened up new facts in virology and oncology. This herpesvirus was first descriptively named Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, but was recently renamed human herpesvirus 8. Human herpesvirus 8 DNA has been consequently found in all forms of Kaposi's sarcoma, suggesting that it might be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Additionally, human herpesvirus 8 can be detected in both malignant and benign lymphoproliferative diseases, such as body-cavity-based B-cell lymphomas and multicentric Castleman disease. The virus was also recently found in rare vascular tumors in patients with angiosarcoma of the face and angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia. Although only a limited portion of the viral DNA has been sequenced, it has become evident that the new herpesvirus is equipped with genes that could confer oncogenic potential. The virus can now be cultured, providing the possibility for studies of viral replication and the mode of transmission, and also for the development of serologic tests.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1997

Moyamoya with arterial anomalies: relevance to pathogenesis.

We report five patients with moyamoya associated with arterial anomalies, including five aneurysms, one with ectasia of the parent artery, a basilar artery fenestration and an arteriovenous malformation. Possible pathogenetic factors for moyamoya are discussed, and a prenatal origin is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus-8: a new virus in human pathology.

The discovery of a new human herpesvirus in Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) tissue of patients with AIDS has opened up new vistas in virology and oncology. This herpesvirus was first descriptively named KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), but was recently renamed human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8). KSHV/HHV8 DNA has been found in all forms of KS, suggesting that it might be involved in the pathogenesis of KS. In addition, KSHV/HHV8 can be detected in both malignant and benign lymphoproliferative disease. KSHV/HHV8 was also found in patients with angiosarcoma of the face and angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia. Although only a limited portion of the virus has been sequenced, KSHV/HHV8 is equipped with genes that could confer oncogenic potential. The virus can now be cultured, providing the possibility for studies of viral replication and the mode of transmission. The recently developed serologic assays for antiviral antibodies suggest that infection with KSHV/HHV8 is not ubiquitous because KSHV/HHV8 seropositivity is limited to a small proportion of the population.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1997

Pyodermatitis-pyostomatitis vegetans.

A 43-year-old woman developed annular and pustular cutaneous lesions preceded by tiny yellow pustules coating the surface of the oral mucosa. The clinical, histological and immunopathological evidence clearly showed that the patient had pyodermatitis-pyostomatitis vegetans. It is suggested that this disease is a distinct entity which should be differentiated from pemphigus vegetans.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1996

[Food allergy in patients with chronic urticaria].

Basic food allergens (bread, milk and egg) were investigated in patients with idiopathic chronic urticaria. In 29 of 43 patients, sensitivity could be shown against one or more antigens. The results suggest not only the anaphylactic IgE-mediated reaction in same patients, but also an antibody or cell-mediated mechanisms in the development of the disease. Besides the Prick test, therefore, testing of other circulating antibodies by means of the ELISA technique and the leukocyte migration test is recommended to establish the causative agents in patients with chronic urticaria.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Implementing national standards for cancer pain management: program model and evaluation.

The purpose of this quasi-experimental (pre and posttest) study was to test a model pain management program (PMP) to implement the American Pain Society (APS) quality assurance standards for the management of acute and chronic cancer pain using a continuous quality improvement (CQI) approach to improve professionals' knowledge and skills, patient satisfaction, and to identify areas needing improvement. The sample consisted of 1210 nurse responses and 698 interviews of patients with pain during hospitalization at a major urban cancer center. The PMP provided a structure (standards), educational opportunities, and training in CQI methods. Outcome measures included a patient evaluation questionnaire and concerns checklist; nurse knowledge, attitude and barriers questionnaire; and focus groups to identify areas needing improvement. Significant improvements were found in patients' satisfaction, nurses' knowledge and attitude scores, and reductions in nurses' perceptions of barriers. Focus groups revealed the need for improved communication among disciplines about pain and better assessment of patients unable to self-report. The program met its goal of implementing the APS standards, educating nurses, and identifying "system" problems, and improving overall patient satisfaction.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1996

Identification of different circulating autoantibodies in patients with bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris by means of immunoblotting.

Immunoblotting studies with salt-split human epidermis were performed on sera from 15 patients with pemphigus vulgaris and 20 patients with bullous pemphigoid by using peroxidase-labelled antihuman IgG and IgA. Eleven sera of pemphigus vulgaris antigen. Most of the sera gave additional specific bands at 210 and 80 kD, with lower intensity. The sera of 4 patients, 3 of them were in clinical remission, did not yield specific bands. Seventeen sera of the 20 bullous pemphigoid patients yielded a 220-230 kD protein band against the major bullous pemphigoid antigen and 4 of them gave another specific band at 160-180 kD. Five sera produced multiple bands (220, 130, 100 and 75 kD). IgA antibodies against the major bullous pemphigoid antigen were demonstrated in 2 cases with IgA deposits along their basement membrane, as revealed by direct immunofluorescence. The immunoblot patterns correlated only weakly with the clinical findings in bullous pemphigoid. There was a considerable diversity in both clinical findings and immunoblot patterns.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Detection of bullous pemphigoid antibodies by means of synthetic peptides as antigenic epitopes.

In an earlier study, the circulating autoantibodies in patients with bullous pemphigoid (BP) were demonstrated in higher frequencies by means of an immunoblot technique then via indirect immunofluorescence. In the present work with the help of Peptide Structure software, two matched antigenic epitopes were chosen and synthesized. The sera of 34 patients with BP were investigated in parallel by an immunoblot technique using a human epidermal extract, and by an ELISA technique with synthetic peptides. The sera of 16 healthy persons and 10 patients with other bullous diseases served as controls. Among the 34 patients with BP, 23 sera proved positive for at least one synthetic peptide. Positive reactions with the major BP antigen (230 kD) were found in 22 patients by immunoblot technique and in 16 patients by the ELISA technique with the synthetic peptide, whereas with the minor BP antigen (180 kD), positive reactions were found in 9 patients by the immunoblot technique and 18 patients by the ELISA technique using the synthetic antigenic epitope of the minor BP antigen. All control sera were negative for both antigens in ELISA investigations. In 3 patients with pemphigus vulgaris, characteristic bands against pemphigus vulgaris antigen were identified by means of the immunoblot technique, but all other cases were negative. It is suggested that the development of this technique may lead to an opportunity for the rapid and simple diagnosis of BP.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Human herpesvirus 8 in classic Kaposi sarcoma.

Recent studies suggest the role of a new human herpesvirus (HHV8) in the pathogenesis of different forms of Kaposi sarcoma (KS). In the present work we investigated the presence of HHV8 sequences in KS tumour tissues from patient with classic KS. Since clear evidences point to the role of immune suppression in the development of AIDS-associated KS or patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, immunological investigations were also performed. We could show a highly consequent association of HHV8 sequences with classic KS in the large series of patients supporting our previous findings that this virus might be in some way involved in the pathogenesis of this tumour. In addition immunological examination of the patients revealed a mild decrease in the CD4 positive cell number, a significantly reduced CD4/CD8 ratio, a diminished PHA reactivity and leukocyte migration factor production of lymphocytes. The changes observed in the present study are similar, but much less pronounced than those may be observed in HIV infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone induces collagenase/matrix metalloproteinase-1 in human dermal fibroblasts.

Recent reports have suggested that alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) plays an important role in untraviolet (UV) irradiation mediated skin changes including pigmentation, inflammation and connective tissue damage. alpha-MSH synthesis has been found to be induced in human keratinocytes following UV irradiation. In order to test the hypothesis whether UV induced alpha-MSH - via a paracrine loop - regulates the synthesis and the activity of collagenase/MMP-1, we studied the effects of alpha-MSH on the expression of MMP-1 and its tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP-1). Confluent human dermal fibroblast cultures from foreskin biopsies of healthy human donors were treated with 10(-5)M, 10(-8)M and 10(-11)M alpha-MSH for 30 min. As determined by Northern blot analysis 10(-5)M and 10(-8)M alpha-MSH dose- and time-dependently induced steady state levels of MMP-1 mRNA up to 9-fold compared to untreated controls. TIMP-1 mRNA steady state levels were also slightly induced, however, the increased MMP-1/TIMP-1 ratio when normalized to beta-actin reflected an unbalanced synthesis. MMP-1 protein expression was studied with an immunofluorescence technique using a monoclonal antibody against MMP-1. After alpha-MSH treatment an increased number of fibroblasts revealed an intense perinuclear staining pattern compared to the less intense staining of control fibroblasts. The overall collagenolytic activity of supernatants from alpha-MSH treated fibroblasts was increased by 35%. Our data support the view that UV induced alpha-MSH - by the stimulation of collagenase/MMP-1 - may contribute to the loss of interstitial collagen related to cutaneous photoaging.

Cell Extracts↗
PubMed1994

[Effectiveness of immunoblotting in the diagnosis of blistering skin diseases].

Results obtained with the immunoblot technique and indirect immunofluorescence on the specific circulating autoantibodies in 20 patients with bullous pemphigoid and in 15 patients with pemphigus vulgaris were compared. In 17 of the 20 patients with bullous pemphigoid, autoantibodies against the 230 kD major antigen could be demonstrated, and in 9 of these 17 patients more specific autoantibodies against "salt-split" epidermis antigen (220, 180, 130, 100 and 75 kD) were shown. Indirect immunofluorescence were positive only on the sera of 5 of the 20 patients with bullous pemphigoid. The sera of 11 of the 15 patients with pemphigus vulgaris yielded autoantibodies against specific antigen (130 and 85 kD protein). To summarize the results, the immunoblot technique is an excellent method to demonstrate circulating autoantibodies in patients with autoimmune bullous skin diseases and its sensitivity is better than that of the indirect immunofluorescence, procedure. Moreover, it gives a possibility to differentiate among different clinical types.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

The lymphocyte transformation test with sulphadiminidum and with prealbumin-sulphadiminidum complex in patients with drug allergy.

Earlier results (the absence or a decreased level of prealbumin [PA] in the serum, a higher proportion of PA-bearing lymphocytes as antigen-binding cells, and the presence of PA in the eluate of lymphocytes in patients with drug allergy) permitted the conclusion that, besides its other relevant functions, PA may also behave as a hapten carrier protein. The lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) involving measurement of 3H-thymidine uptake was therefore carried out with sulphadiminidum (SA) alone, with the PA-SA complex, and with the albumin-SA complex in patients with proven (3 cases) or suspected (63 cases) sensitivity to SA. In all 3 cases with proven drug allergy to SA and in 5 of the 63 suspect cases, the LTT was positive in response to both the drug alone and to the PA-SA complex (The albumin-SA complex gave positivity in only one case). In 5 of the 63 suspect cases, the LTT was positive only in response to the PA-SA complex. It is suggested that the sensitivity of the LTT could be increased if the test could be run with a complex of a protein (hapten carrier?) and a drug.

Drug Eruptions↗