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Biomedical subjects

M Kikuchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Kikuchi.

At least 1,279 records · Page 71Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

A case of hybrid phenotypic chronic myelomonocytic leukemia transformed from aplastic anemia.

A case of hybrid phenotypic chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMMoL) transformed from a hematological remission state of severe aplastic anemia is reported. A 63-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with complaints of easy fatigability and dizziness in December 1978. A diagnosis of aplastic anemia was made from findings of pancytopenia and hypoplastic marrow without dysplasia, and she was treated successfully with mepitiostane. Seven years later, anemia and thrombocytopenia reappeared with monocytosis. On the second admission, the peripheral blood showed a white blood cells count of 3.5 X 10(3)/microliters with 54% monocytes. The bone marrow was hypercellular with monocytosis, and dysplasia of three cell lineages was noted. A diagnosis of CMMoL was made. Cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow cells revealed a karyotype of 45 XX, -7, 11q-, and surface markers were polyphenotypic, including CD20+, CD14+ and CD13+. This is the first report of CMMoL with biphenotype which was transformed from aplastic anemia.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia of Burkitt's type (L3-ALL) without chromosome abnormality and lacking surface and cytoplasmic immunoglobulins.

A case of heterogeneous acute lymphoblastic leukemia of the Burkitt type (L3-ALL) is reported. A 58-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with complaints of palpitation and shortness of breath in December 1988. On admission, the peripheral blood showed severe pancytopenia. The bone marrow was hypercellular with abnormal lymphoblasts; the cytoplasm was moderately abundant and intensely basophilic with prominent vacuoles. A diagnosis of L3-ALL was made. Cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow cells revealed a karyotype of 46,XX. The leukemic blasts were HLA-DR+, CD10+, CD19+ and CD20+, but no surface or cytoplasmic immunoglobulins were detected. This is the first report in Japan of a case of L3-ALL without chromosome abnormality and lacking surface and cytoplasmic immunoglobulins.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of major vascular complications at the initial visit among Japanese diabetic patients.

The frequencies of retinopathy, proteinuria, hypertension, and electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in 2025 diabetic subjects new to our clinic in Tokyo were analyzed in relation to status at initial visit with respect to age, estimated duration of diabetes, and fasting blood glucose. Frequency and severity of retinopathy increased markedly with duration of diabetes. A relationship was found between retinopathy at first visit and level of blood glucose at that time. Proteinuria also clearly increased with duration; its frequency was generally higher in older age groups. Frequency of hypertension increased with age up to 60 yr, but there was no association between prevalence of hypertension and duration of diabetes. ECG abnormalities also increased with age, although serious abnormalities were rare even in older subjects. Hypertension and ECG abnormalities were not more common in those with higher initial blood glucose values, and the frequencies of these aberrations did not increase with the duration of diabetes. ECG abnormalities were more common among hypertensives, especially in younger age groups. Despite the clear effect of degree and duration of hyperglycemia on microvascular complications, there was no evidence of a direct effect of hyperglycemia on macrovascular abnormalities in this study.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effectiveness of rectal administration of insulin suppository on normal and diabetic subjects.

The effectiveness of insulin administration by rectal suppository was examined in normal and non-insulin-dependent nonobese diabetic subjects. A 100-U insulin suppository (mean 1.8 U/kg) given to the diabetic subjects caused four times as great a fall in plasma glucose compared with the normal subjects given the same dose (mean 1.6 U/kg). The insulin response after suppository administration demonstrated a significantly positive correlation (r = 0.83, P less than 0.01) with the plasma glucose level before administration. Diabetic subjects given a 100-U insulin suppository (mean 1.7 U/kg) 15 min after meals three times daily showed a significant (P less than 0.05) improvement in postprandial hyperglycemia accompanied by a restoration of the normal circadian profile of plasma IRI and a reduction of urinary glucose from 26 +/- 5.9 to 2.0 +/- 1.0 g/day. No untoward reactions were observed. These data strongly imply a unique characteristic of the insulin suppository in spite of low bioavailability.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Heating system with a lens applicator for 430 MHz microwave hyperthermia.

To attain deep and localized heating for hyperthermic treatment of cancers, metal plate lens applicators that can converge microwave electromagnetic (EM) energy in the lossy medium such as human muscle with a computer-controlled heating system have been developed. This paper describes a system operating at 430 MHz. Results of an electric-field distribution calculation and a heating experiment made on a saline solution phantom show that the maximum heating depth is over 60 mm using the lens applicator, which is twice as deep as that obtained with a conventional waveguide applicator. The experimental results agree well with the theoretical ones. A computer-controlled heating system has been developed using the applicator. Experimental results show that fluctuations in temperature at locations in the heating region of the saline phantom were maintained within +/- 0.3 degrees C of the present temperatures. These results indicate that the system can be used for the clinical hyperthermia treatment of cancer.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Heating characteristics of a 430 MHz microwave heating system with a lens applicator in phantoms and miniature pigs.

Heating experiments on phantoms and miniature pigs were performed using two types of lens applicator and a conventional waveguide applicator fed by a 430 MHz microwave heating system (HTS-100, manufactured by Tokyo Keiki Co., Ltd). Temperature distributions in agar phantoms and miniature pigs were measured at regular intervals during heating. The following results were thus obtained: (1) The effective heating depth varied with the focal length, showing the lens effect. (2) Using a four-aperture lens applicator in miniature pigs, a heating depth of 6 cm was obtained. This almost doubles the depth of conventional waveguide applicator. The heating area was 12 X 6 cm at the depth of 4 cm. (3) Dielectric properties of the buttocks of the miniature pig were virtually identical to those of the agar phantom containing 0.35% NaCl and 0.05% NaN3.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical research into hyperthermia treatment of cancer using a 430 MHz microwave heating system with a lens applicator.

Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Kyoto University Hospital, and Aichi Cancer Center used a lens applicator microwave equipment, the HTS-100, to treat 90 patients with a total of 96 tumours. The results were analysed, and the following conclusions reached. Three clinical cases have been presented to illustrate the features of the HTS-100. (1) The results of 383 heating sessions using the HTS-100 were analysed. Even tumours larger and deeper than 5 cm could be heated above 42 degrees C. The heating area is much wider than that of the other 2450, 915, 430 MHz microwave heating equipments. (2) Hyperthermia treatment using the HTS-100 was combined with radiotherapy. The percentage effectiveness in terms of CR+PRa was 66.3% for the 89 cases which could be evaluated. Even for tumours larger than 5 cm, and deeper than 4 cm, local control was achieved in 60.7%. Thus, the indications for microwave heating have been significantly expanded. (3) Combination of microwave heating and RF heating is a new protocol which also expands the indications for hyperthermia therapy. (4) The percentage of patients experiencing the side-effects of pain, a sensation of heat, and burns was 15.6%, 6.3%, and 3.6%, respectively. Most of these side-effects were mild and temporary. The percentage of patients experiencing pain was higher than in conventional microwave heating, probably because the area of heating was wider. (5) In the future, the HTS-100 can be expected to play an important role in clinical cancer hyperthermia.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The development of a high impedance all ceramic thermistor resistant to microwave irradiation: its possible medical application.

We developed a prototype all ceramic thermistor (ACT) composed of a silicon carbide (SiC) ceramic thermistor and SiC ceramic fibre-lead wires in order to accurately measure tissue temperature during microwave heating treatment. High density SiC ceramics reflects electromagnetic waves and manifests microwave resistant properties. The resistance of the SiC ceramic thermistor is approximately 15 M Ohm at 20 degrees C and has a sensitivity of approximately 200 K Ohm/ degrees C. SiC ceramic fibre resistance is approximately 40 K Ohm/cm, whereas its sensitivity is approximately 10 Ohm/ degrees C-cm, significantly lower than that of the SiC ceramic thermistor. The resistance of the SiC ceramic fibre is stable. This enables the ACT to be designed with the two-probe method instead of the four-probe method which was adopted in the Bowman type thermistor, resulting in a greatly simplified model. The measurement error caused by the temperature dependence of SiC ceramic fibre is < 0.02 degrees C. The ACT was inserted into muscle-equivalent agar phantom and into gluteal muscles of rabbits, and microwave irradiation was carried out. We recorded the phantom and tissue temperature without disturbance by the electromagnetic field for heating. This prototype ACT appears promising for its possible clinical applications in such settings as hyperthermic cancer therapy in man.

Agar↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rearrangements of bcl-1, bcl-2, bcl-6, and c-myc in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBL) is characterized by a marked degree of morphologic and clinical heterogeneity. We studied 137 patients with de novo DLBL for rearrangements of the bcl-1, bcl-2, bcl-6 and c-myc oncogenes by Southern blot analysis. Structural alterations of bcl-1, bcl-2, bcl-6, and c-myc were detected in 21 of 137 (15.3%), 8 of 137 (5.8%), 22 of 137 (16.1%), 14 of 137 (10.2%) patients, respectively. Two cases showed a combination of bcl-1 and bcl-6 rearrangements. Chromosomal analysis was performed in 31 cases of the 137 DLBL. 27 of these showed karyotypic abnormalities, and two had translocations 3q27 involving bcl-6. However, one of two cases had no rearrangement of bcl-6. Patients with rearranged bcl-6 and c-myc tended to have poorer survival than patients with germ-line. Furthermore, bcl-1 and bcl-2 rearrangements tended to have a better outcome, although the above differences were not statistically significant. Rearrangements of the bcl-1, 2, 6, and c-myc gene correlated with the clinical outcome in DLBL and may thus serve as prognostic markers in patients with this form of malignant lymphoma. However, other genetic factors are probably involved in determining prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

TNP-470 inhibits growth and the production of vascular endothelial growth factor of uterine carcinosarcoma cells in vitro.

BACKGROUND: Carcinosarcoma is the most aggressive neoplasm among the known uterine malignancies. Most patients who are affected with this biphasic neoplasm hardly show any response to common anti-cancer drugs or radiotherapy and thus they tend to show an extremely poor prognosis. This is the first study to examine the inhibitory and anti-angiogenic effects of angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470, a synthetic analogue of fumagillin, for human uterine carcinosarcoma in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The direct growth-inhibitory effect of TNP-470 was examined by an MTT assay in vitro. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the culture supernate of TNP-470 treated FU-MMT-1 cells were also analyzed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The VEGF expression of TNP-470 treated FU-MMT-1 cells was also immunohistochemically examined using an anti-VEGF antibody. RESULTS: TNP-470 inhibited the growth of FU-MMT-1 cells in vitro. The level of VEGF in the culture supernatant of TNP-470 treated FU-MMT-1 cells was significantly lower than that of the control (TNP-470 untreated FU-MMT-1 cells) in vivo. The expression of VEGF in TNP-470 treated FU-MMT-1 cells immunocytochemically decreased in comparison to that of the control TNP-470 untreated FU-MMT-1 cells). CONCLUSIONS: Our in vitro findings suggest that this angiogenesis inhibitor, TNP-470, might be a novel therapeutic agent for uterine carcinosarcoma. However, further in vivo experimental studies using TNP-470 for this tumor will be necessary before any definitive conclusions can be made.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of hnRNP B1 in four major histological types of lung cancers.

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein B1 is one of the nuclear pre-mRNA binding proteins involved in RNA metabolism. Recently, over-expression of B1 has been reported to be useful in the early detection of squamous cell carcinomas of the lung. To elucidate its significance in other histological types of lung cancers, we carried out a comparative study, four major types of lung cancers and normal lung tissues. 37 surgical specimens were examined using a B1-specific monoclonal antibody (2B2). Immunohistochemically, 2B2 demonstrated B1 protein in the nuclei not only of squamous cell carcinoma (10/10) but also of adenocarcinoma (17/18), small cell carcinoma (5/5) and large cell carcinoma (3/4). A lesser amount of B1 protein was also detected in normal cells. Quantitative immunoblotting revealed that B1 expression was markedly higher in cancer tissues than normal tissues and it varied among the four histological types. To establish the usefulness of B1, a threshold should be set for over-expression.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of immune globulin on endotoxemia.

Ten patients (mean age, 40 years; 2 women) with endotoxemia received 2.5 gm of immune globulin daily for 4 days or 5 gm daily for 2 days. In all patients, plasma endotoxin levels decreased to normal levels (< or = 9.8 pg/ml) within a mean of 3.2 days after starting immune globulin treatment, and body temperatures decreased to < 37 degrees C within 4.5 days. In 10 antibiotic-treated (control) patients with endotoxemia who did not receive immune globulin, plasma endotoxin levels declined to normal levels in 6 and their body temperatures dropped to normal levels within 5.0 days; no changes in body temperature were noted in the 4 patients whose plasma endotoxin levels did not decrease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Colonic J-pouch decreases bowel frequency by improving the evacuation ratio.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To compare the functional outcome of ultra-low anterior resection for rectal cancer with colonic J-pouch reconstruction with that of straight reconstruction. METHODOLOGY: Twenty-three patients who underwent ultra-low anterior resection with or without J-pouch reconstruction underwent bowel transit study, videodefecography, and answered a questionnaire survey 4 months and 1 year after surgery. Eleven healthy subjects underwent similar testing as controls. RESULTS: Patients with a J-pouch had less frequent stools than patients with straight reconstruction 4 months after surgery (p<0.05), but the two groups were similar at 1 year. Bowel transit time was similar at both study points. The evacuation ratio was higher after J-pouch than straight reconstruction 4 months after surgery (p<0.05). However, the ratio improved in the straight group, and no difference existed at 1 year. Colonic contraction was seen only near the anastomosis 4 months after surgery, but the contraction proximal to the anastomosis improved over the next 8 months. CONCLUSIONS: J-pouch reconstruction facilitates evacuation by improving the evacuation ratio. Although straight anastomosis caused excessive stool frequency 4 months after surgery, colonic function continued to improve and was comparable with J-pouch and straight reconstruction 1 year after surgery because the contraction ratio proximal to the anastomosis improved.

Aged↗