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Biomedical subjects

M Kikuchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Kikuchi.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Lymph nodes in incipient adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma with Hodgkin's disease-like histologic features.

Lymph nodes were examined from four patients with incipient adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATLL) who had mild lymphadenopathy, fatigue, no or a few atypical lymphocytes in their peripheral blood, and integrated proviral human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) DNA in the nodes. The HTLV-I DNA was detected by southern blot analysis and/or polymerase chain reaction in the lymph nodes of all cases. The nodal architecture was preserved. Some scattered or aggregated highly lobular, cerebriform, or Reed-Sternberg-like giant cells were observed, with occasional mitoses and diffuse infiltration of small to medium-sized lymphocytes, with no or minimal nuclear abnormalities in the enlarged paracortex. The giant cells were usually positive for Ki-1 and also for UCHL-1 and other T-cell markers but negative for Ber-H2. Rearrangement and/or deletion of T-cell receptors were found in three of four patients. All patients died within 2 years, with transformation to overt leukemia-lymphoma occurring in three patients, and pulmonary carcinoma in one. The incipient or prelymphomatous phase of ATLL should be differentiated from Hodgkin's disease because of the distinctly different prognoses of these two diseases.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Simultaneous occurrence of myelomonocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma: involvement of common leukemic progenitors and their developmental abnormality of "lineage infidelity".

We investigated the origin of leukemic progenitors in a case of the simultaneous occurrence of myelomonocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma (IgG-kappa). At presentation, myeloperoxidase and nonspecific esterase-positive myelomonocytic cells had proliferated up to 12.2 x 10(9)/liter in the peripheral blood. Bone marrow cell differentials revealed the coexistence of myelomonocytic cells (30%) and atypical plasmacytoid cells (26%). Myelomonocytic cells in peripheral blood expressed both myeloid antigens (CD11b, CD13, CD14, CD15, CD33) and T/B-lymphoid antigens (CD2, CD4, CD5, CD7, CD10, PCA-1). Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) could be divided into PCA-1 strongly positive and PCA-1 weakly positive populations, which were considered to represent myeloma cells and myelomonocytic cells, respectively; the former were CD2-positive (CD2+), CD14-, and CD15-, whereas the latter were CD2+, CD14+, and CD15+. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that, in addition to plasmacytoid cells, a minority of myelomonocytic cells showed a positive reaction for IgG staining, and production of IgG was observed in the culture supernatant of CD14+ myelomonocytic cells in peripheral blood. Southern blot analysis revealed the presence of two identical rearrangement bands of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene in both BMMC containing myeloma cells and myelomonocytic cells and CD14+ myelomonocytic cells in peripheral blood. In a long-term methylcellulose assay, peripheral blood mononuclear cells produced large compact colonies consisting of macrophages and IgG+ plasmacytoid cells (M phi/P colonies), while BMMC produced a different type of colonies consisting of CD14+ myelomonoblasts, macrophages, and IgG+ plasma cells (Mb/M phi/P colonies) in addition to M phi/P colonies. Recloning experiments showed that primary Mb/M phi/P colonies gave rise to both secondary M phi/P and Mb/M phi/P colonies. These observations strongly suggest that common leukemic progenitors provide both myeloma and myelomonocytic leukemia cells, and the mechanism of "lineage infidelity" is probably involved in the development of their "bilineal" differentiation.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1991

Virus-associated haemophagocytic syndrome with Epstein-Barr virus infection.

The clinical and histological findings of a 10-year-old girl with virus-associated haemophagocytic syndrome are presented. The serum levels of Epstein-Barr viral antigens were elevated. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome was detected by polymerase chain reaction in bone marrow and lymph node specimens. Histologically, haemophagocytic histiocytes were present in bone marrow, and areas of non-suppurative necrosis were present in lymph nodes, where silver grain deposition of the EBV genome was demonstrated by in situ hybridization.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1991

Chronic pancreatitis in a child with glycogen storage disease type 1.

A case of chronic pancreatitis in an 8-year-old boy with glycogen storage disease type 1a (GSD 1a) is presented. This patient had a history of hyperlipidaemia unresponsive to dietary therapy, e.g., a carbohydrate-rich diet, uncooked cornstarch, and nocturnal intragastric tube feedings. He had recently suffered bouts of abdominal pain and diarrhoea. Serum amylase and trypsin were elevated, abdominal CT revealed the presence of a pseudocyst of the pancreas. The presence of chronic pancreatitis was confirmed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and an infected pseudocyst was removed at laparotomy.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Proliferating cells in histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis.

The phenotypes of proliferating cells in histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (HNL) were examined. The affected areas consisted mainly of CD 8-positive (suppressor/cytotoxic T-cells) and CD 4-positive (helper/inducer T-cells) in association with some CD 15-positive cells (monocytes). A marker of proliferating cells (Ki-67) and monoclonal antibodies for determining the phenotypes of cells (CD 4, CD 8, CD 15) in the affected areas were applied using a double-staining method. Ki-67-positive proliferating cells were mainly CD 8-positive. A few CD 4-positive cells and rare CD 15-positive cells were also Ki-67-positive. The percentage of CD 8-positive cells increased gradually over time and the ratio of CD 8-positive to proliferating cells did not decrease throughout the observation period of 6 weeks. These results suggest that the proliferation of CD 8-positive T-cells together with the accumulation of CD 4- and CD 15-positive cells is the main phenomenon occurring in HNL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Alpha-interferon in Kikuchi's disease.

In Japan, histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (Kikuchi's disease) is a relatively common reactive lesion affecting lymph nodes, but the histogenesis and pathogenesis of the disease have not been clarified. Alpha-interferon has a role in the body's defense against viral infections. Using a polyclonal antibody to human alpha-interferon, we found numerous cells, mainly histiocytes, containing alpha-interferon in affected foci in the lymph nodes from 24 patients with Kikuchi's disease. Tubuloreticular structures, thought by some authors to be associated with the production of interferon, were detected by electron microscopy in histiocytes, activated lymphocytes and vascular endothelial cells in the affected foci. These results suggested that the formation of tubuloreticular structures is a secondary phenomenon following stimulation by alpha-interferon. Further, the activity of 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase, which is induced by alpha-interferon and enhanced during the early or active stage of viral infection, showed increased levels of activity in the active stage of Kikuchi's disease and decreased to normal levels in the convalescent stage 2 weeks later. These results suggested the possibility of a viral etiology for Kikuchi's disease.

2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase↗
PubMed1991

Spontaneous recovery from non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus induced by neonatal streptozotocin treatment in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

We studied the long-term change in glycemic level in a model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) induced by neonatal streptozotocin (STZ) treatment in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Two-day-old male SHR were intraperitoneally injected with 37.5 to 75.0 mg/kg of STZ or vehicle alone as control. According to nonfasting plasma glucose levels at 12 weeks of age, rats were divided into mild (less than 16.8 mmol/L) and severe (greater than or equal to 16.8 mmol/L) diabetes groups. In the mild diabetes group (n = 5), plasma glucose decreased significantly from 14.2 +/- 1.8 mmol/L (mean +/- SEM) at 20 weeks to 7.3 +/- 0.3 mmol/L at 52 weeks (P less than .05) with progressing age. At 52 weeks, overnight fasting plasma glucose levels were significantly lower and serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI) was higher than in controls, respectively (4.1 +/- 0.3 v 5.7 +/- 0.3 mmol/L, P less than 0.01; 625 +/- 50 v 409 +/- 50 pmol/L, P less than .05), and insulinoma was found in 60% of rats. Therefore, the recovery from hyperglycemia may be attributed to the development of insulinoma. In the severe diabetes group (n = 6), plasma glucose remained high until 28 weeks (27.2 +/- 1.5 mmol/L), but thereafter decreased with age, as it did in the mild diabetes group (13.7 +/- 3.5 mmol/L at 52 weeks, P less than .005). However, no insulinoma was found, and the mechanism for the recovery was unclear. The present study demonstrates that hyperglycemia spontaneously ameliorates in a neonatal STZ diabetes model of SHR, although this phenomenon may be strain-related.

Aging↗
PubMed1991

Genotypic and cytogenetic study of acute myelocytic leukemia and chronic myelocytic leukemia in blast crisis: specific delta rearrangement pattern does not involve J delta gene locus.

We have analysed the configuration of immunoassociated genes and the karyotypes of 30 patients with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) and 10 with chronic myelocytic leukemia in blast crisis (CML-BC). In AML, the frequencies of T-cell receptor (TcR) beta, gamma, and delta chain and immunoglobulin heavy and light chain gene rearrangements were 4.2%, 19%, 8%, 10.7% and 10.5%, respectively. In CML-BC, they were 10%, 20%, 40%, 50% and 0%, respectively. Nine patients had abnormalities in chromosome 2, 7 or 14, upon which immunoassociated genes are located. There seems to be no apparent relationship between these chromosome abnormalities and gene rearrangements. In all patients but one (5/6), the delta rearrangement was accompanied by other immunoassociated gene rearrangements. Molecular size analysis revealed specific delta rearranged band(s) (19.5 kb-BamHI and/or 6.9 kb-EcoRI), as commonly detected in B-acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). All the patients with the delta rearranged band, however, had a germline configuration of J delta gene loci, suggesting a DD or V(D)D (probably V delta 2(D)D) pattern. This study also indicates that the delta rearrangement is specific in AML or CML-BC and distinct from that in early T leukemia/lymphoma.

Blast Crisis↗
PubMed1991

Conformational features of signal sequences and folding of secretory proteins in yeasts.

A yeast secretion system has been used extensively for the production of eukaryotic proteins that are expressed as non-native aggregates in E. coli. Secretory proteins translocate through the membrane using signal sequences, and fold in the cells (probably with the aid of several molecular chaperones). In combination with recent techniques of mutagenesis, this system has recently been implemented to study structure/function in signal sequences, and in vivo folding mechanisms of proteins. This review focuses on approaches to conformational features of signal sequences and folding of secretory proteins in yeasts.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Involucrin in well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the lung. Comparison with adenocarcinomas of different organs.

Using immunoperoxidase stain for involucrin, 50 well-differentiated adenocarcinomas of the lung were compared with similarly well-differentiated adenocarcinomas of other organs, 30 from the stomach, 30 from the colon, 12 from the pancreas and 12 from the prostate. Thirty (60%) adenocarcinomas of the lung were positive for involucrin; in 24 of 30 cases from 10% to more than 60% of tumor cells were positive and in the remaining 6 cases a few cells were positive. The positive cells included columnar or cuboidal tumor cells as well as some squamoid tumor cells. In contrast, only 4 (4.8%) of 84 tumors in the other organs were involucrin positive. Most of the involucrin positive foci of these four cases seemed to show squamous differentiation. These findings suggest that pulmonary adenocarcinoma is more prone to show squamous differentiation, compared with gastric, colonic, pancreatic and prostatic adenocarcinomas. The result may be applied for the differential diagnosis between primary and metastatic well-differentiated adenocarcinomas in the lung.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

1H and 15N NMR study of human lysozyme.

The 15N signal assignment of human lysozyme was carried out by using 1H-1H and 1H-15N two dimensional experiments. To solve the severe overlap problem of the NH signals, uniform labeling of the protein with 15N was introduced. The uniformly 15N labeled protein was prepared using a high-expression system of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. From the analyses of 1H and 15N NMR spectra, all of the backbone 15N signals of the molecule were assigned to each specific residue in the amino acid sequence. Recently published proton signal assignments [Redfield & Dobson (1990) Biochemistry, 29, 7201-7214] were confirmed by these complementary data. In addition, assignments were extended to side chain 15NH2 groups of asparagine and glutamine. Elements of secondary structure were deduced from the pattern of sequential and medium-range NOE connectivities. Two beta-sheets and four alpha-helices could be identified in the protein, which were in good agreement with those determined by X-ray crystallography. The interaction between human lysozyme and its inhibitor N-acetyl-chitotriose was investigated by 15N-1H HMQC spectra. Most of the 15N-NH cross-peaks in the spectra were separated well enough to be followed during the titration experiment. Residues whose NH proton signals decrease in intensity upon complex formation, are located mainly around subsites B, C, and D. Local conformational changes were observed around the fourth helix adjacent to the cleft of human lysozyme.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed1991

Evaluation of jejunal function in Wolman's disease.

Findings in a 1-month-old male infant with Wolman's disease, a rare autosomal defect characterized by intractable diarrhea and severe malabsorption, are described. Investigations in this case focused on the digestive and absorptive functions of the jejunum using histological, biochemical, and electrophysiological methods. The intestinal villi were found to be distorted and club-shaped as a result of the infiltration of foam cells into the lamina propria of the mucosa. The microvilli of the epithelial cells were found on electron microscopy to be markedly shortened and irregular, and had a severe impairment of disaccharidase activity. Documentation of the loss of the sugar- and amino acid-evoked potential differences in the jejunum confirmed the severity of intestinal malabsorption. These observations indicate that the intestinal damage in Wolman's disease is so severe as virtually to exclude the absorption of any form of enteral nutrition. Despite the administration of i.v. hyperalimentation, the infant died of hepatic failure at the age of 6 months.

Disaccharidases↗
PubMed1991

New noninvasive transcutaneous approach to blood glucose monitoring: successful glucose monitoring on human 75 g OGTT with novel sampling chamber.

A novel noninvasive and quasi-continuous method of transcutaneous blood glucose monitoring for use with the human 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) has been developed. The effused fluid was obtained by applying suction on the skin surface and labeled suction effusion fluid (SEF). The system consists of two main parts: a suction apparatus and the glucose sensor system. The suction apparatus applies vacuum to the patient's skin at 400 mmHg absolute pressure to collect the SEF. The miniature ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) based glucose sensor can measure glucose in small SEF quantities. The monitoring system is based on the association between the glucose concentration in the SEF and in the serum. During the 75 g OGTT, the glucose change in the SEF was measured every 10 min. Although a response delay of up to 20 min was observed in the SEF glucose change, it was possible to perform the 75 g OGTT by this noninvasive monitoring method.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Epstein-Barr viral genomes in carcinoma metastatic to lymph nodes. Association with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Lymphoepithelioma of the nasopharynx is a neoplasm known to have a strong association with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Using the Southern blot method, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and/or in situ hybridization, we examined lymph nodes containing metastatic carcinoma, including metastatic lymphoepithelioma, for the presence of EBV genomes in order to determine whether EBV was associated exclusively with lymphoepithelioma. All of six lymph nodes from patients with lymphoepithelioma in the neck were found to have EBV genomes using the above methods. In four of the six cases, the primary site was the nasopharynx, and in the other two no primary site was found. Four of 12 squamous cell carcinomas and one of 18 adenocarcinomas expressed the EBV genome only by PCR, but not by Southern blotting or in situ hybridization, probably due to the presence of latent EBV in lymphocytes. These results indicate that metastatic carcinoma in lymph nodes showing EBV genomes revealed by Southern blotting or in situ hybridization is lymphoepithelioma, and that the nasopharynx is very likely the primary site.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Isolation of Vero toxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) from imported meats].

One hundred and four samples of various imported meats obtained from the stores and supermarkets in Matsuyama-city and Iyo-city from November, 1987 to October, 1988 were examined and two strains of Vero toxin-producing Escherichia coli were isolated: one was from beef from Australia and the other was from pork from Canada. By bead-ELISA, it was confirmed that the strain from beef produced Vero Toxin 1 (VT1) and Vero Toxin 2 variant (VT2vh) and the strain from pork produced VT2vh. These results suggest that imported meats may be contaminated with VTEC and thus are possible sources of human VTEC infection, such as hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

A quantitative histopathological study of right bundle branch block complicating acute anteroseptal myocardial infarction.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether necrosis of the right bundle branch is responsible for development of right bundle branch block in acute myocardial infarction. Twenty patients with acute anteroseptal myocardial infarction were studied--10 with right bundle branch block (group A) and 10 without (group B)--to evaluate by serial sectioning the pathological extent of myocardial infarction surrounding the right bundle branch and also that of right bundle branch necrosis. Myocardial infarction reached the right bundle branch more than 8 mm above the moderator band in all of group A, whereas myocardial infarction reached the right bundle branch less than 3 mm above the moderator band in only three patients in group B. Nine hearts in group A showed significant necrosis of the right bundle branch. In group B and in one case with transient right bundle branch block no necrosis was found. The occurrence of right bundle branch block was almost entirely explained by necrosis of the right bundle branch, but transient right bundle branch block did develop without necrosis of the right bundle branch.

Aged↗