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Biomedical subjects

M Kikuchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Kikuchi.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Molecular cloning and characterization of a mouse oviduct-specific glycoprotein.

In the present study, we have isolated the cDNA for the mouse oviduct-specific glycoprotein (MOGP) by screening the mouse oviduct cDNA library with the bovine oviduct-specific glycoprotein (BOGP)-cDNA probe and by the 5' rapid amplification of the cDNA end (5'RACE). The total length of cDNA was determined to be 2525 base pairs (bp) by sequence analysis. The coding region contained 2163 bp translating to 721 amino acids. Based on comparisons with the N-terminal amino acid sequences of purified-BOGP and of hamster oviduct-specific glycoprotein (oviductin), it was inferred that the derived amino acid sequence contained a signal peptide region of 21 amino acids and a mature MOGP (core protein) region of 700 amino acids (76,515 daltons). It was also inferred that the mature MOGP contained three potential N-linked glycosylation sites and 24 possible O-linked glycosylation sites, and had the unique seven-residue repeat sequence (21 repeats) within the predicted sequence in the C-terminal side. The amino acid sequence of a portion of MOGP was highly homologous to that of BOGP (71% identity), baboon oviduct-specific glycoprotein (61% identity), and human oviduct-specific glycoprotein (77% identity). Significant homologies were also observed with two mammalian secretory proteins that were reported as a mammalian member of a chitinase protein family. Northern blot hybridization with a DIG-labeled probe indicated that a single message of 2.8 kb was present in total RNA prepared from oviductal tissue. In situ hybridization using MOGP-cDNA showed that a MOGP message was only detected in the oviductal epithelial cells. These results strongly suggest that a significant degree of homology exists among oviduct-specific glycoproteins of various mammalian species.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Characteristics of the chemical forms of 11C, 13N, and 15O induced in air by the operation of a 100 MeV electron linear accelerator.

To characterize airborne radioactivity induced by the operation of high-energy accelerators, the fractions of aerosol and gaseous components, and the chemical forms of 11C, 13N, and 15O produced in the air of a target room of a 100 MeV electron linear accelerator were studied. Measurements of radioactivity using a particulate air sampling filter and a gas flow-through ionization chamber showed that more than 98% of 11C, 13N, and 15O were present as gaseous forms. Their chemical forms, detected by means of radio-gas chromatography, were 11C as CO2; 13N as N2 and NO; and 15O as O2 and NO. Machine operating conditions, which affect the compositions of the induced radionuclides and of their chemical forms, and the resulting effect on the estimation of internal doses are discussed.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1995

Alterations of effector cell molecule expression on neutrophils in granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-producing tumour.

A 68-year-old man was diagnosed as having a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-producing mediastinal tumour. Mediastinotomy was performed, and thereafter the elevated leucocyte count and serum G-CSF concentration returned to the normal range. The surface expression of effector cell molecules on neutrophils was serially examined. Before operation, the expression of FcRI and CR1 was increased but the expression of FcRIII and L-selectin was reduced in the patient. The altered expression of these molecules returned to the normal levels after operation. These findings suggest that G-CSF produced by the tumour modulated neutrophil effector cell molecule expression in the patient.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Familial thrombocytosis.

Four cases of thrombocytosis in three successive generations of a family are described. High peripheral platelet count was found incidentally in the proband with cutaneous malignant lymphoma. Bone marrow examination showed megakaryocytic hyperplasia. Neither Philadelphia chromosome nor chimaeric bcr/abl junction was detected in marrow cells. In this family, thrombocytosis was thought to be transmitted by an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1995

CD30 (Ki-1) expression in adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma is associated with distinctive immunohistological and clinical characteristics.

Twenty-one patients with CD30 (Ki-1) positive lymphoma were studied from a group of 91 patients with adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma. The patients were grouped into three types: diffuse CD30 positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma in 11 patients (group 1); pleomorphic type lymphoma with diffuse CD30 expression in five patients (group 2); and pleomorphic type lymphoma with positive CD30 expression in large cells but negative in medium-sized and small cells in five patients (group 3). The patients with diffuse CD30 positive lymphomas (groups 1, 2) frequently presented with extranodal tumours (68.8%) and lymph node enlargement greater than 2 cm in diameter (50%), and rarely with leukaemic changes, bone marrow involvement and hypercalcaemia (one case of each). Patients in group 3 rarely had extranodal tumours, but had frequent leukaemic changes. Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1; CD54) by the lymphoma cells in 13 patients (81.3%) with diffuse CD30 positive lymphomas, was significantly higher than that in 33 patients (9.1%) with CD30 negative adult T-cell leukaemia/ lymphomas. No positive reaction for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) was found in the lymphoma cells of CD30 positive cases. The overall survival in patients with diffuse CD30 positive lymphomas was better than that of CD30 negative adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma patients, but showed no significant difference. These findings suggest that diffuse CD30 positive adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma has unusual clinical and immunohistological findings. It is also speculated that local tumour formation and leukaemic changes in such diffuse CD30 positive cases are influenced by CD54 (ICAM-1) expression by the lymphoma cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Apoptosis in histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis.

Cell death can now be divided into necrosis and apoptosis, which are different in their morphology, biochemistry and biological significance. The present study was designed to investigate cell death in histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (HNL). The features of cell death in 10 cases of HNL were analyzed using histiomorphology, ultrastructure and in situ apoptosis detection (ApopTag) methods. Two patterns of cell death were discerned. One was apoptosis of individual cells and the other was necrosis. The first pattern could be observed in all cases and the morphological features of the dead cells were consistent with those of apoptosis, which included distinctive cell volume shrinking and chromatin condensation. The apoptotic cells and bodies could frequently be found to be phagocytosed by the histiocytes. ApopTag was positively stained in most of the morphologically apoptotic cells. By double staining, most ApopTag positive cells were found to be T lymphocytes. A previous report showed that the majority of the proliferative cells were T lymphocytes. Based on those results, if was speculated that the main pathological characteristics of HNL therefore consisted of apoptosis and the proliferation of T lymphocytes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

A case of human herpesvirus-6 lymphadenitis with infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome.

The findings of a 20 year old woman with lymphadenopathy that was probably caused by an acute human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) infection are reported. She clinically demonstrated various signs of acute infection such as a high fever, skin rash, liver dysfunction, leukocytosis, an elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and a positive change of C reactive protein, which mimicked the symptoms of infectious mononucleosis, but no positive titers for an Epstein-Barr virus infection were observed. HHV-6 DNA was detected using Southern blot analysis, polymerase chain reaction, and in situ hybridization in the affected node. Histologically, the lymph node showed an enlarged paracortex and infiltration of transformed lymphocytes and immunoblast-like cells with some histiocytes and eosinophils. Almost all the transformed lymphocytes and immunoblasts were positive for UCHL-1 (CD45RO), MT-1 (CD43), and OPD-4 (CD4), and some of these positive cells demonstrated HHV-6 DNA.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Detection of the Epstein-Barr virus in primary gastric lymphoma by in situ hybridization.

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been shown to be associated with numerous human malignancies including Burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal lymphoepithelioma. In addition, some typical gastric adenocarcinomas were also recently reported to demonstrate EBV relevance. The present study was designed to detect EBV in primary gastric lymphoma, using the in situ hybridization (ISH) method, in which oligonucleotide probes for the EBER1 RNA and the EBV DNA W region have been used. Of the 49 cases of primary gastric lymphoma studied, which all showed B cell immunophenotype, EBER1 sequences could only be found in four cases, including two low-grade cases and two high-grade cases of histological subtypes while the number of positive cells was less than 50% of the tumor cells. In one case of low-grade mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, the EBER1-positive neoplastic cells were found in the regional lymph node, but the primary site of the stomach showed no positive signals. The EBV presence was further confirmed by the EBV DNA ISH. Using the ISH method, rare or occasional positive lymphoid cells (probably non-tumorous bystander cells) could be detected in 10 other cases including all histological subtypes. The present study shows that only a small proportion of primary gastric lymphoma is associated with EBV, and such positive cases could be found in both high- and low-grade histological subtypes. It is also suggested that the EBV presence in the neoplastic cells of some cases of primary gastric lymphoma is most likely a secondary phenomenon.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Giant cell tumors of tendon sheath: a single and multiple immunostaining analysis.

Nineteen giant cell tumors of tendon sheath (GCTTS) were studied to elucidate the origin of the proliferating cells of these tumors, using single and multiple immunostaining techniques with a labeled avidin-biotin [LAB] method in paraffin-embedded tissues. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67 (MIB-1) antigen were present in mononuclear cells (PCNA 26%; MIB-14%) but were absent in giant cells. These findings indicate that mononuclear cells, but not giant cells, participate in the proliferative compartment of GCTTS. A histiocytic marker, HAM56, was positive in many mononuclear cells (mean 81%), but was totally negative in osteoclastic giant cells. Another histiocytic antigen, CD68, was expressed in both mononuclear cells (mean 28%) and most of the giant cells (mean 89%). By triple immunostaining for PCNA, HAM56 and vimentin, 83% of PCNA-positive mononuclear cells co-expressed HAM56. Because of the frequent co-expression of PCNA and HAM56, the main portion of proliferating cells in GCTTS may represent a monocyte/macrophage lineage. However, there is a small but definite mesenchymal/fibroblastic component, characterized by PCNA+vimentin+HAM56-, relating to the proliferative compartment of GCTTS. Multiple immunostainings with MIB-1 showed similar patterns to those with PCNA. These observations indicate that the GCTTS represent bimodal proliferative lesions consisting of histiocytic and mesenchymal/fibroblastic elements.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

p53 mutation in carcinomas arising in ovarian cystic teratomas.

Carcinomas arising in mature cystic teratomas of the ovaries from nine women were examined for the presence of p53 mutations. The nine tumors comprised six squamous cell carcinomas, one squamous cell carcinoma in situ, one undifferentiated small cell carcinoma, and one mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Abnormal nuclear accumulation of the p53 protein was observed in four of the tumors. Genomic DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for specific amplification of the p53 gene exons 5-8, followed by direct chemiluminescence sequencing analysis. A frameshift mutation in exon 8 (codon 278, CCT > del T; stop at codon 344) was detected in one poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. The samples were also evaluated for the possible association of 'benign' and 'malignant' types of human papillomavirus (HPV) by PCR using universal primer sets. None of the samples contained detectable HPV genome. These data suggest that p53 mutations are relatively uncommon in secondary carcinomas developing in ovarian dermoid cysts, although the number of samples studied was admittedly small.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Leiomyosarcoma of the superior vena cava producing superior vena cava syndrome and heart tamponade.

An autopsy case of primary leiomyosarcoma arising in the superior vena cava is presented. A 44 year old Japanese man presented with superior vena cava syndrome and eventually died due to heart tamponade and acute renal failure. Autopsy revealed that the superior vena cava was occluded with a tumor that had invaded the pericardium and right thoracic cavity. Primary caval venous leiomyosarcoma is a rare but lethal disease and most cases arise from the inferior vena cava. This case represents a very rare case of leiomyosarcoma with the rare clinical findings of superior vena cava syndrome and heart tamponade.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Human GLUT-2 overexpression does not affect glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in MIN6 cells.

Accumulated evidence suggests that GLUT-2, in addition to its role in glucose transport, may also have other functions in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. As a first step in addressing this possibility, we have engineered MIN6 cells overexpressing human GLUT-2 by transfection with human GLUT-2 cDNA. Stable transformants harboring human GLUT-2 cDNA exhibited an approximately twofold increase in 3-O-methyl-D-glucose uptake at 0.5 and 15 mM. Glucokinase activity or glucose utilization measured by conversion of [5-3H]glucose to [3H]H2O was not, however, altered in the MIN6 cells overexpressing human GLUT-2. Furthermore, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was not affected by over-expression of human GLUT-2. An abundance of GLUT-2, therefore, does not correlate with the glucose responsiveness of cells in which glycolysis is regulated at the glucose phosphorylating step. These data suggest that GLUT-2 by itself does not have significant functions other than its role in glucose transport in glucose sensing by MIN6 cells.

3-O-Methylglucose↗
PubMed1995

Characterization of rat GLUT5 and functional analysis of chimeric proteins of GLUT1 glucose transporter and GLUT5 fructose transporter.

To investigate the biological and biochemical properties of GLUT5, rat GLUT5 complementary DNA was transfected into Chinese hamster ovary cells. Rat GLUT5 was exclusively targeted to the plasma membrane and exhibited a transport activity, not for glucose, but for fructose. The affinity for fructose (Km = 11.6mM) was much higher than that of GLUT2, the other glucose transporter with fructose transport activity. Interestingly, rat GLUT5 was not photolabeled with 0.5 microM cytochalasin B, whereas a similar amount of GLUT1 was adequately photolabeled under the same experimental conditions. Next, to investigate the domains required for transport of glucose/fructose in GLUT1 and/or GLUT5, several chimeric GLUT1/GLUT5 proteins were expressed, and their glucose and/or fructose transport activities were studied. The intracellular middle loop and the region encompassing the membrane spanning domains 7-12 were observed to have crucial roles in GLUT1 glucose transport, whereas replacement of the N-terminal half or the intracellular C-terminal region with the corresponding region of GLUT5 produced no marked effects on glucose transport activity. In contrast, both the N-terminal half encompassing the region from the N-terminus through the 6th membrane spanning domain and the intracellular C-terminal region were mandatory for GLUT5 fructose transport. In conclusion, GLUT5 is a transporter exclusively for fructose and the structural requirements for fructose transport are more stringent than those for glucose transport among hexose transporter proteins.

Affinity Labels↗
PubMed1995

Involvement of leukotriene B4 in zymosan-induced rat pleurisy: inhibition of leukocyte infiltration by the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor T-0757.

The role of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in leukocyte infiltration in zymosan-induced rat pleurisy was investigated by studying the effects of 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors, T-0757 and AA-861, and a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin, on leukocyte infiltration and LTB4 levels in the inflammatory exudate of rat pleurisy induced by intrapleural injection of zymosan (20 mg/rat). T-0757 and AA-861 inhibited the infiltration of leukocytes, mainly neutrophils, 3 h after injection of zymosan at a dose of 100 mg/kg, p.o., but indomethacin did not do so at a dose of 5 mg/kg, p.o. LTB4 was detected in the exudate 1 h after zymosan injection, and its level peaked at 3 h (45.4 +/- 8.6 ng/rat) and decreased thereafter. These LTB4 levels were depressed by T-0757 and AA-861 in a dose-dependent manner. T-0757 completely prevented LTB4 production at a dose of 100 mg/kg. These observations suggest that the inhibition of leukocyte infiltration is mediated by the inhibition of LTB4 production, and that LTB4 is one of the main chemical mediators of leukocyte infiltration in zymosan-induced rat pleurisy.

Amides↗
PubMed1995

Orientation of the toad, Bufo japonicus, toward the breeding pond.

A variety of orientation cues has been suggested for the migration to the breeding site in adult amphibians. We categorized the cues into the following 3 groups: 1) cues from the breeding pond such as male calling and pond odors, 2) celestial cues such as the sun light and the magnetic field of the earth and 3) cues from the area or route of the migration which compose a local map such as a visual and olfactory maps. To determine which of these is used by the toad, Bufo japonicus, we designed and conducted a displacement experiment in which migrating toads from one direction were transported to the ground in the opposite side of the pond. The displaced toads were completely disoriented and moved to random directions. We conclude that the toad uses a local map to orient to the breeding pond and cues from celestial bodies and the pond are not used. We also found that adult toads tracked the same route on both trips from and to the pond. This suggests that the local map was memorized by newly metamorphosed toads at their first terrestrial trip from the pond. The next step of our study was to determine what sense is used to receive the cue. We found blind toads, whose upper and lower eye-lids were stitched together, could reach the pond at a similar rate with the sham-operated and intact toads. However, anosmic toads, whose olfactory mucosa were damaged by the treatment with a 5% silver nitrate solution, rarely reached the pond.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Evolution of severe aplastic anemia to myelodysplasia with monosomy 7 following granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, erythropoietin and high-dose methylprednisolone combination therapy.

A 19-year-old man was diagnosed as having severe aplastic anemia and received high-dose methylprednisolone treatment without hematological response. A second course of high-dose mPSL treatment together with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) plus erythropoietin (EPO) was then started and resulted in trilineage blood cell response. Ten months after the combination therapy thrombocytopenia developed and cytogenetic analysis showed 45,XX,-7, indicating an evolution to myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) associated with monosomy 7.G-CSF and EPO treatment together with immunosuppression may be an effective therapy in SAA patients, but such a therapy may increase the risk of evolution to MDS.

Adult↗