Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Keller

Publications and source records attributed to M Keller.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Relationship of electroconvulsive therapy to course in affective illness: a collaborative study.

Bipolars treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) during the index episode were matched on the variables of age, sex, previous admissions and previous hospitalizations with 23 bipolars who did not receive ECT. A similar match was made for 42 unipolars who were under the age of 40 at time of admission. All patients were followed for 5 years. Those patients treated with ECT, both bipolars and unipolars, had the same numbers of episodes in follow-up as their matched groups. However, in both bipolar and unipolar ECT-treated patients, there were more follow-up rehospitalizations. The reason for this is not known but three possibilities exist. Successful treatment with ECT may make the family and patient more prone to consider rehospitalization. Secondly, the originally treated ECT patients may have had more aggressive doctors who were more likely to rehospitalize. Finally, ECT may change the course of an individual's illness in such a way that more severe episodes occur and rehospitalizations are necessary. The findings suggest the need for long-term studies following ECT on clinical and biological variables.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Uveitis in ancylostomiasis].

A 42-year-old patient from Sri Lanka presented with unilateral panuveitis. The only possible cause detected was ancylostoma duodenale, a parasitosis occurring frequently on the Indian subcontinent. The link between this and uveitis, and the therapeutic consequences, are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Immunochemical analysis of a monoclonal antibody recognizing a terminal glucuronic acid-containing epitope of insect acidic glycolipids.

A cloned, hybridoma cell-line was established that secreted the monoclonal antibody CAF-I following stimulation of the donor Balb/c mouse spleen cells by the total acidic fraction glycolipids of the third-instar larvae of Calliphora vicina (Insecta:Diptera). The monoclonal antibody isotype was IgG3 By qualitative (TLC-immunostaining) and semi-quantitative (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) methods, and comparison with the cross-reactivity of known monoclonal antibodies, the epitope was specifically located on the terminal, non-reducing end of the oligosaccharide chain of most of the insect acidic glycolipids. Following isolation of the two main acidic glycolipids of C. vicina larvae (A5c and Az5c), exoglycosidase treatment characterized the terminal disaccharide CAF-I epitope as glucuronic acid bound to subterminal galactose, both in the beta-anomeric configuration: G1cA beta-Ga1 beta-. The immunohistological distribution of this epitope in the dipteran, Drosophila melanogaster, showed its main expression to be in the imaginal discs and brain of the third-instar larva, and the retinula cells of the ommatidial elements of the compound eye retina of the adult female.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Outcome of patients with chronic affective disorder: a five-year follow-up.

Patients with major depression, mania, or schizo-affective disorder that had been present without remission for 2 years or more at intake (N = 129) were followed prospectively for 5 years, as were 580 patients who had been ill for shorter periods at intake. Despite very substantial durations of episode, three-quarters of the chronic patients recovered, although recovery occurred much later in the follow-up period than it did among the nonchronic patients. Factors associated with recovery were less severe illness at intake, lack of psychotic features, good friendship patterns in adolescence, and, most important, a relatively high maximum level of functioning in the 5 years preceding intake.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Ventilatory, circulatory, endocrine, and renal effects of almitrine infusion in man: a contribution to high altitude physiology.

Diuresis at altitude was thought to be the result of chemoreceptor stimulation leading to a reduction of cardiac volume overload. This hypothesis was tested in ten young, healthy subjects by infusion of almitrine (0.5 mg.kg-1 body mass within 30 min) assuming analogous sites of action, i.e. arterial chemoreceptors and pulmonary vessels, for almitrine as for hypoxic hypoxia. The results show that almitrine increases ventilation, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, central venous pressure and natriuresis, but fails to increase significantly atrial natriuretic peptide plasma concentration and diuresis. It is concluded: (1) that almitrine has similar sites of action as hypoxic hypoxia at about 5000 m, (2) that natriuresis during arterial chemoreceptor stimulation might reduce cardiac volume overload, (3) that the volume excretion hypothesis, in particular the pathways from the cardiac volume overload to the water diuresis, need, for an understanding of the hypoxia-induced diuresis, further direct investigations at altitude.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Bipolar II illness: course and outcome over a five-year period.

A five year semi-annual follow-up of patients with non-bipolar (N = 442), bipolar II (N = 64) and bipolar I (N = 53) major depression tracked the courses of prospectively observed major depressive, hypomanic and manic syndromes. In all three groups, depression was much more likely in any given week than was hypomania or mania. However, during the majority of weeks, no full syndrome was present and none of the groups exhibited evidence of continuing psychosocial deterioration. Though all three groups exhibited similar times to recovery from index and subsequent major depressive episodes, both bipolar groups had substantially higher relapse rates and developed more episodes of major depression, hypomania and mania. The two bipolar groups, in turn, differed by the severity of manic-like syndromes and thus remained diagnostically stable; the bipolar II patients were much less likely to develop full manic syndromes or to be hospitalized during follow-up. In conjunction with family study data showing that bipolar II disorder breeds true, these data support the separation of bipolar I and bipolar II affective disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Bipolar affective disorder and high achievement: a familial association.

The authors studied 442 probands with nonbipolar major depression, 64 with bipolar II disorder, and 88 with bipolar I disorder. Although the proband groups did not differ in occupational or educational achievement, the first-degree relatives of probands with bipolar disorders had significantly higher mean levels of achievement than did those of probands with nonbipolar disorder. This pattern applied whether or not the relatives themselves had bipolar illness. The authors conclude that the socioeconomic advantage previously associated with affective disorder in general may be limited to the bipolar forms.

Achievement↗
PubMed1988

Can stitches get wet?

This study was performed to answer the question of whether or not a patient can wet stitches after a minor soft-tissue surgical procedure without increasing the incidence of infection or disruption of the wound. One hundred consecutive patients underwent an excision of a skin or soft-tissue lesion closed either primarily or with a local flap. Monofilament nylon was used. There were 55 benign lesions and 45 malignant lesions. All procedures were performed using local anesthesia on an ambulatory basis. All patients were asked to wash the wounds with soap and water twice a day starting the morning after surgery. All wounds healed without any infections and without any disruption or dehiscence of the wounds.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Are cerebral prostanoids of astroglial origin? Studies on the prostanoid forming system in developing rat brain and primary cultures of rat astrocytes.

Prostanoid forming capacity in vitro and convulsion-induced prostanoid formation in vivo were studied in the developing rat brain. For comparison, prostanoid synthesis in homogenates of primary astrocyte cultures of different ages was also examined. There was no significant prostanoid production in homogenates from primary astrocyte cultures prepared one week after cultivation. Two-week-old astrocyte cultures possessed a prostanoid synthesizing system of high specific activity. The relative proportions of the products were similar to those obtained in brain homogenates of adult rats, prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) being the major product. Prostanoid forming capacity of brain homogenates was low at birth, increased during development and nearly reached adult values by day 21. Generalized convulsions could be evoked by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) irrespective of age, but convulsion-induced prostanoid formation characteristic of adult rodents did not take place before the third week of postnatal life. The close similarities between the characteristic features of prostanoid synthesis in both brain and astroglial homogenates, together with the coincidence during brain development of the expression of cerebral prostanoid synthesis with the appearance of mature astrocytes suggest that astrocytes are an important source of brain prostanoids.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Association of congenital megacalycosis and ipsilateral segmental megaureter.

Four cases of congenital megacalycosis associated with ipsilateral segmental megaureter in children are presented. This association has not been emphasized, although review of the English and French literature revealed eight such cases. In all cases, the concurrent entities are unilateral, with a left-sided predominance and a male prevalence. The diagnosis of megacalycosis is presumed in four of the cases by normal function and prompt emptying of the calyceal systems on diuretic renography and/or urography. The presence of normal caliber renal pelvis interposed between the dilated collecting system and the distal dilated ureter without evidence of vesicoureteral reflux implies the coexistence of ipsilateral idiopathic megaureter. The patients usually present because of urinary tract infection and/or calculus formation, but respond well to conservative therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The importance of psychotic features to major depression: course and outcome during a 2-year follow-up.

Despite substantially greater levels of impairment during the five years preceding intake to this study, patients with nonbipolar psychotic depression (n = 55) were as likely to recover as were patients with nonpsychotic depression (n = 451) during a 2-year follow-up. Though patients with psychotic depression were more psychosocially impaired at 6 months, these differences resolved during the ensuing 18 months. In replication of an earlier study, early outcome was more predictive of later outcome in psychotic patients than it was in nonpsychotic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The significance of past mania or hypomania in the course and outcome of major depression.

Patients with primary major depression (N = 372) were followed for 2 years to determine the prognostic importance of past manic or hypomanic episodes. While bipolar I and bipolar II patients were more likely to relapse and bipolar I patients were more likely to attempt suicide, these patients resembled nonbipolar depressed patients in likelihood of recovery and psychosocial impairment in various areas. Compared to nonbipolar patients, those with bipolar I depression were much more likely to develop mania, while bipolar II patients were more likely to develop hypomania. Cycling during the index episode predicted a relatively low likelihood of recovery for bipolar I patients but had no apparent prognostic significance for patients with bipolar II illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Necrotizing enterocolitis in infants of multiple gestation.

We examined the records of ten pairs of twins and one set of triplets among whom one or more infants had necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Perinatal asphyxia and respiratory distress were less common in the firstborn infants. It might, therefore, be anticipated that necrotizing enterocolitis was less common in this group. We found the reverse to be true. In all of the twin pairs twin A had NEC, and in no case did only twin B have NEC. The disease developed in triplet B but not in triplets A or C. Examination of associated risk factors revealed that the firstborn infants were more stable, were fed sooner, and had feedings advanced somewhat more rapidly than their counterparts. We re-emphasize that there are unrecognized risk factors in the pathogenesis of NEC and that a high index of suspicion should be maintained for all premature infants despite their apparent stability.

Birth Order↗