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Biomedical subjects

M Kawashima

Publications and source records attributed to M Kawashima.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Mesotocin receptor binding of cortical and medullary kidney tissues of the hen.

[125I]Mesotocin (MT) binding of membrane fractions of the cortical tissue and the medullary tissue (medullary cone) of the kidney of nonlaying hens was measured by the use of radioligand binding assays to determine the distribution of two distinct MT receptors within the hen kidney. The binding to [125I]MT in the medullary tissue was found to be highly competitive with unlabeled MT. In the cortical tissue, the binding was competitive with both unlabeled MT and arginine vasotocin. Kinetic and Scatchard analyses of specific binding revealed that the binding affinity was higher in the cortical tissue than in the medullary tissue, but the binding capacity was less in the cortical tissue. The localization of two distinct MT receptor having different binding properties may be related to the biphasic action of MT within the tissue of the kidney of the hen.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Adenocarcinoma mimicking primary gastric lymphoma demonstrated by I-123 IMP scintigraphy.

A poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach showed an unusual type of diffuse wall thickening of the entire stomach, similar to that seen in malignant lymphoma. The pathologic specimen revealed a "lymphoepithelioma"-like pattern of undifferentiated carcinoma with intense lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltration. I-123 IMP scintigraphy incidentally demonstrated increased uptake in the entire stomach on early imaging and moderate washout on delayed studies. SPECT images demonstrated diffusely increased accumulation in the entire gastric wall.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

A case of primary hyperparathyroidism accompanying multiple myeloma.

We report a case of 77-year-old woman who presented with lumbago and hypercalcemia. Multiple myeloma (MM) was first diagnosed by serum protein electrophoresis and bone marrow aspiration, but intact parathyroid hormone (intactPTH) was also found to be high in the presence of persistent hypercalcemia with anorexia and nausea. After lowering serum calcium with bisphosphonate administration, parathyroidectomy was performed. Upon histologic examination, the tumor was determined to be parathyroidal chief-cell hyperplasia and the patient was treated with melphalan and prednisolone. The relationship between MM and primary hyperparathyroidism (I degree HPT) remains unknown. Although the co-existence of MM and I degree HPT was reported in 12 reports from various parts of the world, there was only 1 report in Japan. The present case is an example of successful treatment for a complicated disorder, and suggests that patients suffering from bone pain or hypercalcemia need to be examined both endocrinologically and hematologically.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Appearance of an arginine vasotocin receptor of large molecular size in the uterus (shell gland) of the hen at oviposition.

The molecular mass of the arginine vasotocin receptor in membrane fractions of the uterus (shell gland) of hens was estimated by autoradiography of [125I]-labelled arginine vasotocin binding protein after SDS-PAGE. A band of approximately 67 kDa was found in all of the samples taken from laying hens before and after oviposition and from nonlaying hens. In addition to this band, another band of approximately 95 kDa was found in samples from laying hens taken immediately before and after oviposition. Both bands were reduced by the presence of unlabelled arginine vasotocin or mesotocin, but the reduction was greater by arginine vasotocin than by mesotocin. These two bands were not reduced by chicken luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone-I (Gln8-GnRH), chicken luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone-II (His5,Trp7,Tyr8-GnRH) and chicken angiotensin-II (Val5-angiotensin-II). The appearance of the arginine vasotocin receptor of the larger molecular size may be related to oviposition in hens.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1997

Effect of varying amino acid levels on protein metabolism in nephrotic rats during total parenteral nutrition.

In an attempt to determine appropriate diet in nephrotic syndrome, nephrotic rats, induced by puromycin aminonucleoside, were nourished by total parenteral nutrition fluid containing the same energy, but three different levels (1.65, 3.3, and 6.6%) of amino acids for 7 d. The fractional rate of total protein synthesis in the liver was determined by injecting a flooding dose of [3H]phenylalanine. The proportion of newly synthesized proteins retained and exported by the liver was estimated by injecting a tracer dose of [14C]leucine and then measuring the protein radioactivity remaining in the liver and present in the plasma after secretion was completed. Nephrotic animals synthesized more protein than control animals. Although the absolute synthesis rates of total protein in liver were increased with increasing amino acid administration, the absolute rates of synthesis of albumin were higher in the 3.3% group than in the other groups in nephrotic rats. However, kidney protein synthesis in nephrotic rats was higher in the 1.65% group than in the 3.3% group. Interestingly, the 3.3% group revealed the smallest urinary excretion of total protein and albumin. In addition, in the 3.3% group, plasma concentrations of total protein and albumin were higher, and plasma concentrations of total cholesterol and triglyceride were lower than in other groups. It was concluded that the 3.3% group, corresponding to a normal protein diet, has the greatest salutary effect on urinary protein excretion, followed by protein and lipid metabolism, in nephrotic rats. Not only protein intake but also the energy:protein ratio are important for diet therapy in nephrotic animals. The technique of total parenteral nutrition may be useful in defining the factors involved in glomerular permeability or permselectivity and intracellular protein metabolism.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1997

Direct action of melatonin on hen ovarian granulosa cells to lower responsiveness to luteinizing hormone.

The presence of a melatonin-binding component in the membrane fraction of the ovarian granulosa cells of hens that has characteristics of a receptor such as high affinity, limited capacity, reversible binding, and binding specificity was demonstrated by radioligand binding assays. When the cells were incubated in vitro with various concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the presence and absence of melatonin (1 and 5 nM), the dose-response curve for the LH-stimulated progesterone production was shifted to a higher concentration of LH: ED50 of LH was approximately two times greater in the presence of melatonin. The results suggest a direct action of melatonin on the ovarian granulosa cells of the hen to lower the responsiveness to LH for progesterone production.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Effects of work-related stress reduction on depressive symptoms among Japanese blue-collar workers.

OBJECTIVES: The effects of a stress reduction program on Japanese blue-collar workers were investigated using a controlled trial design. METHODS: Two blue-collar worksites that showed higher depression scores (Zung self-rating depression score) were selected for the intervention group, after a survey of a large electric company in 1985. Three blue-collar worksites were selected as a reference group whose workers were matched with the workers of the interventive worksites by mean age, worksite size and mean depression scores. A 1-year stress reduction program was conducted in the intervention group from 1986 to 1987 by worksite supervisors. Effects of the stress reduction program were assessed by comparing the initial depression scores, length of sick leave, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures with those after the follow-up. RESULTS: The depression scores decreased during the follow-up in the intervention group, while the scores were almost the same in the reference group. An analysis of covariance with repeated measurements indicated a statistically significant intervention (group x time interaction) effect after control for gender and age (P = 0.035). Sick leave in the past year decreased in 1988 only in the intervention group; generalized logit analysis with repeated measurements indicated a statistically significant intervention effect after control for gender and age (P = 0.034). No statistically significant intervention effects were observed on systolic and diastolic blood pressures or selected work stressors. CONCLUSIONS: A stress reduction program directed towards worksite supervisors can be used to reduce depressive symptoms and sick leave among Japanese blue-collar workers.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1997

[The effect on bowel sounds of very hot compresses applied to the lumbar region].

In Japan, very hot moist compresses applied to the lumbar region have been used to promote intestinal movement and flatus or defecation. This skill was based on empirical knowledge. One of the purposes of this study is to make clear the effect of very hot compresses on intestinal movement. The other purpose is to prove the safety of the skin where very hot compresses applied. The sample consisted of 8 healthy female volunteers, ranging in age from 27 to 47 with a mean age of 37.4. A very hot compress was applied to the lumbar region for 10 minutes. The results were as follows: 1) Bowel sounds immediately after hot compresses increased 1.7 times compared with bowel sounds before the hot compresses. 2) Skin temperature of the back increased to 41.1-43.1 degrees centigrade under the hot compresses, then decreased rapidly. 3) Blood flow to the back during hot compresses, increased to 156%. Blood flow to the upper arm also increased. 4) Body temperature, pulse rate and blood pressure were not remarkably changed by the hot compresses. The results of the experiments show that very hot compresses applied to the lumbar region affect intestinal movement. And the results suggest that a very hot compress is a useful nursing skill to promote flatus or defecation.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Effect of Krestin as adjuvant treatment following radical radiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients.

To evaluate the efficacy of Krestin (PSK) as adjuvant treatment after radical radiation therapy (RT) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), treatment results of 225 patients with NSCLC treated with RT followed by adjuvant administration of PSK between 1976 and 1989 were analyzed. Of these patients, 170 (76%) had squamous cell carcinoma. In the patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, PSK was given only when the tumor showed satisfactory shrinkage (complete or partial response) after completion of RT. The treatment outcomes were compared with those of the responders to RT not receiving PSK. The 5-year survival rates of patients with stages I-II and stage III disease were 39 and 26%, respectively, while the non-administered responder group's were 17 and 8%. These differences are statistically significant. An improvement in the treatment results with combined use of appropriate immuno-modulating drugs is anticipated in the future. When clinical trials of the efficacy of these drugs are conducted, the agents should be given to the patients with satisfactory tumor regression after RT, although they still take much time and cost.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1997

[Usefulness of enhanced computed tomography in the diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism].

Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) was diagnosed in 22 patients at Saga Medical School between 1981 and 1994. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) was done in 8 patients, and filling defects in the central pulmonary artery were identified in 6. Parenchymal shadows (wedge shaped shadows, subpleural consolidation, or nodular shadow's) were noted in 5. When enhanced CT was done during acute severe respiratory failure in 3 patients, pulmonary artery filling defects were found in all. These findings suggest that enhanced CT is useful as a diagnostic tool for acute PTE with respiratory failure. Electron beam CT may be a sensitive and specific means of diagnosing PTE because it can be done quickly and without breath-holding. We conclude that enhanced CT should be used as the first diagnostic procedure in patients with severe respiratory failure who may have PTE.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Status asthmaticus treated with inhaled isoflurane and intravenous isoproterenol].

We report the case of an 18-year-old man with status asthmaticus who was treated with inhaled isoflurane and intravenous isoproterenol. The patient was intubated and mechanical ventilation was began immediately after admission to the hospital. He received intravenous methylprednisolone and aminophyline, and frequent inhalation of isoproterenol aerosol. However, his respiratory status deteriorated: peak inspiratory pressure increased markedly, and right pneumothorax, right lower lobe atelectasis, and hypotension developed. He was then given isoflurane by inhalation and a continuous intravenous infusion of isoproterenol, which was followed by marked improvement in his respiratory and hemodynamic status. Isoflurane can be effective in patients with status asthmaticus, and it does not increase the arrhythmogenicity of catecholamines. Intravenous administration of isoproterenol can also be useful in the treatment of patients with status asthamticus. The combination of isoflurane with intravenous isoproterenol may be useful when status asthmaticus is hard to control with conventional therapy.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1996

Changes in parathyroid hormone receptor binding affinity during egg laying: implications for calcium homeostasis in chicken.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor bindings were examined in the membrane fraction of the calvaria and the kidney of the hen by the use of [125I]PTH-related protein (PTHrP) binding assays. The binding specificity, reversibility, and saturation of the receptor were demonstrated. The equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) and the maximum binding capacity (Bmax) were obtained by Scatchard analyses. In both calvaria and kidney, Kd and Bmax values decreased at 3 h before oviposition in egg-laying hens, but not in nonlaying hens. Administration of 17 beta-estradiol or progesterone in vivo caused a decrease in the Kd and Bmax values. Ionized calcium concentrations in the blood plasma showed a decrease at 13 h before oviposition. The results suggest that the PTH receptor binding in the calvaria and the kidney is affected by ovarian steroid hormones and may play a role in maintaining the calcium homeostasis in the egg-laying hen.

Analysis of Variance↗