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Biomedical subjects

M Kawashima

Publications and source records attributed to M Kawashima.

516 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental study of the effects on apoptosis of docetaxel alone and in combination with irradiation.

The effects of docetaxel alone and in combination with irradiation were experimentally investigated in terms of induction of apoptosis. A human ependymoblastoma was transplanted into nude mice, and they were intravenously injected with docetaxel, followed or preceded by irradiation with a single dose of 2 Gy. Apoptosis was less common in the docetaxel-alone group than in the irradiation-alone group. When administration of docetaxel was followed by irradiation, apoptosis was equal to or less common than in the irradiation-alone group. Apoptosis was most common in the irradiation-followed-by-docetaxel group. The incidence of mitosis was lower in the irradiation-alone group and the irradiation-followed-by-docetaxel group than in the docetaxel-alone group and the docetaxel-followed-by-irradiation group. The combined effect of irradiation and docetaxel appears to be useful in inducing apoptosis, but the sequence of irradiation and docetaxel is important.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tumoral calcinosis: a case report with an electron microscopic study.

A 68-year-old woman developed large subcutaneous masses on her abdomen and thighs after a bruise sustained in a traffic accident. She had severe pain when sitting up straight. Histological examination revealed calcified tissues in the entire dermis of the injured areas. On electron microscopy, crystalline materials were observed in the dermis, which seemed to be formed by the deposition of hydroxyapatite on unusual proteoglycan. In a vessel wall, a thick, layered basement membrane was observed. This suggests that vascular injury and subsequent hypoxia play a role in the process of calcinosis. We performed a partial resection with good results in alleviating the patient's pain.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of paclitaxel pretreatment on radiation-induced p53-dependent apoptosis.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of paclitaxel on radiation-induced p53-dependent apoptosis. A human ependymoblastoma transplanted to nude mice was used. They were treated with paclitaxel (40 mg/kg), irradiation (2 Gy), or a combination of both. Apoptosis was markedly increased in the irradiation group. p53 protein expression was well correlated with the frequency of radiation-induced apoptosis. There was only a slight increase in apoptosis in the paclitaxel group, with little p53 protein expression. In the combination group, the frequency of apoptosis varied with the time intervals, and the group irradiated 12 h after paclitaxel administration showed much less apoptosis than the irradiation group. The Ki-67 labeling index in the paclitaxel group was always higher than before administration. The present study indicates that p53-dependent apoptosis was frequently induced in the human tumor in vivo by irradiation, but not by paclitaxel alone. When combined with irradiation, the timing affected the frequency of apoptosis and the degree of p53 protein expression.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental induction of apoptosis by a combination of etoposide and radiation treatment.

The present study was undertaken to investigate cell death (particularly apoptosis) induced by etoposide, radiation, and both, and to examine p53 protein expression in relation to cell death. Nude mice transplanted with a human tumor (ependymoblastoma) were treated with etoposide (5-40 mg/kg) or 1-2 Gy X-ray irradiation or both. The tumor was excised at different points after treatment, and tumor tissue specimens were used to check for apoptosis and p53 protein expression by TUNEL, p53 protein staining, etc. Induction of p53-dependent apoptosis was observed in the etoposide treatment group, the X-ray irradiation group, and the combined (etoposide + X-ray irradiation) group. Etoposide 10 mg/kg was found to be approximately equivalent to 1 Gy X-ray irradiation in ability to induce apoptosis. When etoposide treatment was combined with X-ray irradiation at intervals of 3-6 hours, an approximately additive effect was observed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Brain involvement in Hodgkin's disease: case reports and review of the literature.

Hodgkin's disease involving in the central nervous system is extremely rare. It usually spreads contiguously, as visceral involvement is generally thought to occur secondary to involved adjacent lymph nodes. We report three such cases found in our institution in the last two decades. Based upon our limited experience together with reported data, whole brain irradiation combined with systemic chemotherapy remains the treatment of choice for these lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatic arterial infusion of 5-fluorouracil for liver metastases from pancreatic carcinoma: results from a pilot study.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Liver metastasis is a common progression of pancreatic carcinoma, but an effective chemotherapy has not been established. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy and safety of a hepatic arterial infusion of 5-FU in patients with liver metastasis from pancreatic carcinoma. METHODOLOGY: Thirteen patients were enrolled in a pilot study of a hepatic arterial infusion of 5-FU therapy. They received 5-FU for 5 days at a dose of 500 mg/m2/day by continuous hepatic arterial infusion every 4 weeks. RESULTS: One patient showed a partial response, while 6 showed no change. Of these 6 patients, 2 showed a minor response. The overall response rate was 8% (95% confidence interval: 0-22%). Nausea and vomiting were the most common types of toxicity. Three patients (23%) had hepatic arterial occlusion. There were no life-threatening toxicities or complications. The overall median survival time was 15.9 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatic arterial infusion of 5-FU in patients with liver metastasis from pancreatic carcinoma is tolerable but is minimally effective at this dose and schedule. The schedule of administration should be modified.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Human papillomavirus associated Bowen's disease of the foot: unique clinical features mimicking a common wart.

We describe a case of Bowen's disease that developed on the left dorsal foot of a 56-year-old female patient and that mimicked the clinical features of a common wart. PCR-based analysis indicated that the lesion contained HPV-16 DNA and HPV-16 positive cells were found in the upper layers of the epidermal lesion using in situ hybridization with an HPV-16 probe.

Bowen's Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A lateral ventricular gliosarcoma arising in an ependymoma.

OBJECTIVE: We describe a 29-year-old man with gliosarcoma in the lateral ventricle. CASE: The patient presented with headache and impairment of consciousness. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging localized the tumor to the right lateral ventricle and showed heterogeneous enhancement with administration of contrast agents. The tumor was partially removed via a transcallosal approach. Histologic examination disclosed gliosarcoma arising by malignant transformation of an ependymoma. POST-OPERATIVE COURSE: The patient died of tumor progression 78 days after admission, despite intensive radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dissociation of neurological deficits in spinal decompression illness.

Functional differentiation is found in the spinal cord. A unique set of neurological deficits follows a multi-focal injury. Clinically, sensory and motor disturbance present independently, often resulting in sensory and motor deficit dissociation. This study examined 103 spinal decompression illness (DCI) cases. The neurological deficit dissociation was classified as follows: 1) Cases with sensory impairment only, or motor dysfunction alone, were tagged as having "dissociation" (44 cases); when a case was with both sensory and motor dysfunction, the spinal level of the sensory impairment was determined and was matched with the spinal segments responsible for the motor dysfunction; 2) If the two spinal areas did not match (i.e. with no regional overlap), they were tagged as having "dissociation" for each motor dysfunction (32 cases). In total, dissociation was present in 76 out of 103 cases. We concluded that clinical neurological deficit dissociation is frequently observed in spinal DCI.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis.

Rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatitis (RND) is a rare disorder seen in patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis. We present a 63-year-old Japanese with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid lung who showed erythematous plaques and papules with pustules on his extremities and buttocks. Histological examination revealed a dense neutrophilic infiltration the upper dermis and neutrophilic abscesses in the dermal papillae. obvious vasculitis was seen. We suggest that RND could be included within the concept of a neutrophilic vascular reaction and that this condition develops through immune complex-mediated and neutrophil-induced vascular damage.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗