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Biomedical subjects

M Kawamura

Publications and source records attributed to M Kawamura.

At least 955 records · Page 53Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Selective inhibition of potassium contracture in guinea pig taenia coli by ruthenium red.

Effects of ruthenium red on isotonic KCl induced contracture (K-contracture), cellular 45Ca uptake and 45 Ca binding to surface membranes were examined in the smooth muscle cells of guinea pig taenia coli. These results were compared with those using lanthanum (La3+). The tonic component of the K-contracture was selectively inhibited by 1 mM ruthenium red. In contrast, 1 mM La3+ inhibited the phasic component of the K-contracture to a large extent. Use of 1 mM ruthenium red selectively inhibited the tonic component of K-contracture and caused a marked decrease in cellular 45Ca uptake in that component of K-contracture. In contrast, 1 mM La3+ largely inhibited the phasic component and caused a significant decrease in cellular 45Ca in that component. According to Scatchard plot analysis, there are two kinds of Ca2+ binding sites of high and low affinity, respectively, on the surface membrane of the taenia coli. One mM ruthenium red suppressed those of low affinity more strongly than those of high affinity. In contrast, 1 mM La3+ suppressed high affinity sites more markedly than low affinity sites. Based on these results, it seems possible to conclude that ruthenium red mainly blocks the initial binding sites linked with Ca2+ influx which is related to the production of the tonic component while La3+ blocks those sites related to the phasic component of the K-contracture of guinea pig taenia coli.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Possible participation of glucocorticoid in elevation of 3',5'-cyclic AMP levels through inhibition of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase.

Administration of prednisolone and cholate to rats elevated levels of cAMP (adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate) by 1.5- to 2.0-fold. Compounds such as prednisolone, hydrocortisone, cholate, and deoxycholate were found to be potent inhibitors of partially purified cAMP phosphodiesterase prepared from rat liver. Kinetic analysis showed that the prednisolone inhibition was noncompetitive with a Ki of 8.9 x 10(-4) M. These results suggest that in addition to increasing DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity in vivo, a large application of glucocorticoid may incur elevation of intracellular cAMP levels.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1978

[Clinical studies of PC 904 in pediatrics (author's transl)].

PC-904 was administered to 3 pediatric patients with serious infections resistant clinically to other antibiotics (2 cases of sepsis and 1 case of pseudomonal pneumonia). Daily dosage was 100 approximately 150 mg/kg and intravenous infusions were carried out in 2 or 3 divided doses. This drug showed clinically and bacteriologically good response in these patients without any side effect, and was considered to be a useful drug or worthwhile to use in the treatment of the serious infectious diseases such as sepsis or pseudomonal infections.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

[Basic and clinical studies on new semisynthetic penicillin, PC-904, in pediatric field (author's transl)].

PC-904 was administered to 16 pediatric patients and the following basic and clinical results were obtained. (1) PC-904 was administered 20 approximately 30 mg/kg. The serum peak level of PC-904 after drip intravenous infusion over 1 hour was 66.7 microgram/ml at 1 hour and T 1/2 of PC-904 was 67.8 minutes. PC-904 was administered 25 approximately 30 mg/kg intravenous one shot injection was 49.4 microgram/ml at 1 hour and T 1/2 of PC-904 was 52.2 minutes. (2) Urinary excretion rate was about 20% up to 6 hours after drip intravenous infusion of 20 mg/kg. In a case of intravenous one shot injection of 25 approximately 30 mg/kg, the excretion rate was 11.9 approximately 19.9%. (3) PC-904 was administered 60 approximately 120 mg/kg/day for 3 approximately 48 days to 5 cases of sepsis and bacterial endocarditis, 6 of pneumonia, 2 of sss syndrome (staphylococcal scald skin syndrome) and 3 of pyelonephritis. Clinical effects were excellent in 11 cases and good in 5 cases, effective ratio being 100%. (4) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus viridans, Acinetobacter anitratus and Hemophilus influenzae isolated from clinical specimens disappeared by the treatment of PC-904, and Hemophilus influenzae isolated from clinical specimens disappeared by the treatment of PC-904. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae reduced. (5) As to the side effect by PC-904, s-GOT and s-GPT were elevated in 2 cases. Anemia, rash and fever were observed in each 1 case out of 16 patients though the causal relation with the agent was unknown.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

[Galactosemia].

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Galactosemias↗
PubMed1977

High-flow total body perfusion with severe hemodilution and normothermia in infants weighing less than 10 kg--safe limits of hemodilution in cardiopulmonary bypass in infants.

Cardiopulmonary bypass with 17 to 57 per cent dilution of hemoglobin for repair of ventricular septal defect (VSD) was applied to 26 infants weighing less than 10 kg at normal temperature. The higher flow rate was required to compensate the reduced oxygen carrying capacity and to maintain an adequate arterial pressure in proportion to a decrease of hemoglobin value. Perfusion index resulted in 3.0 to 6.5 L/m2/min in this series. When the dilution ratio of hemoglobin became more than 50 per cent and high flow rate was required, however, oxygen transfer ratio decreased remarkably on account of inadequate oxygen delivery and imparied venous return. In these cases, it was difficult to remove the diluent immediately after the operation in spite of powerful diuretic therapy. The results of the present study indicate that the safe limits of hemodilution is 50 per cent in cardiopulmonary bypass at normal temperature in infants.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Alteration of sialoglycoprotein in the glomerular basement membrane of diabetic glomerulosclerosis.

The alteration of glycoprotein in the glomerular basement membrane in diabetic glomerulosclerosis was studied with preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis by Uniphor column. Normal glomerular basement membrane was fractionated into 32 glycoprotein fractions. Decrease in sialic acid residue of sialoprotein was the characteristic finding observed in diabetic glomerulosclerosis. A hypothesis which explains the alteration of sialoglycoprotein is proposed.

Basement Membrane↗