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Biomedical subjects

M Kawaguchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Kawaguchi.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Superficial spreading carcinoma of the esophagus.

Superficial spreading type of carcinoma of the esophagus was defined as lesions with intramucosal extension of carcinoma 20 mm or more from the main lesion. Eleven (6.1%) of 179 cases were thus selected for this investigation. These cases were further divided into two groups: Group A, consisting of four cases (2.2%) with the main lesion confined to the submucosa, representing a relatively early stage; and Group B, consisting of seven cases (3.9%) with the main lesion invading the muscular layer or deeper. One of the most characteristic features in the four cases belonging to Group A was an unexpectedly high incidence of lymphatic permeation and lymph node metastases leading to a poor prognosis. Another feature that may be important, particularly for surgeons performing esophagectomy, was the difficulty in deciding the proximal resection line of the esophagus because the boundaries between involved and uninvolved portions were frequently indistinguishable in this particular pathologic entity, not only in Group A but in Group B.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Effect of operation on cell-mediated immune response to autologous tumor extract in cancer patients.

Utilizing lymphocyte proliferation assay, effects of operation on cell-mediated immune response to autologous tumor extract were studied in 33 patients with gastric or colon carcinoma. To evaluate the lymphocyte proliferation response to autologous tissue extract preoperatively, the lymphocytes were left in culture for 24-30 hours before addition of the extract while 3 M KCl extract of autologous tissue was being processed. A significant level (P less than 0.001) of correlation was observed between stimulation index values to autologous tumor extract added at the initiation of culture and after a 24-30-hour period of incubation. Using this type of assay system, lymphocyte proliferation response to autologous tumor extract was examined immediately before operation and 1, 2, and 4 weeks after operation serially. Data comparing the responses of 20 patients who had curative resection and 13 patients who underwent noncurative resection appeared to fall into three categories in each group. The clinical courses of these patients in each category might clarify the significance of changes in the response following operation.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Capacitation inducing activity of serum albumin in fertilization of mouse ova in vitro.

The role of serum albumin in in vitro fertilization of mouse ova was studied relating to the fertilization inhibitory activity of Zn2+. The time required for mouse sperm capacitation was dependent on the concentration of serum albumin which was added to the medium. The majority of Zn2+ added to the medium was shown to be bound to serum albumin (95% out of 200 microM) by means of equilibrium dialysis. Furthermore, it was suggested that the serum albumin was necessary for the initiation of the sperm capacitation process by the periodic observation of sperm penetration through zona pellucida.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Relationship between arsenic-induced hypothermia and brain monoamines. (2). The roles of noradrenaline and dopamine].

It has been reported that hypothermia induced by intravenous administration of As2O3 3 mg/kg in rabbits is due to a decrease of noradrenaline (NA) in the hypothalamus. In this paper, the role of NA or dopamine (DA) on As2O3-induced hypothermia in rabbits were investigated. As2O3-induced hypothermia was not inhibited by pretreatment with FLA-63, a potent dopamine-beta-hydroxylase inhibitor, which produces an increase of DA and a decrease of NA in rabbit brain; and it was also inhibited by pretreatment with haloperidol or pimozide, potent DA-receptor blocking agents. On the contrary, pretreatment with phenoxybenzamine or dibenamine, alpha-receptor blocking agents, completely inhibited these hypothermia. These findings indicated that NA took an important part in thermoregulation in rabbits and certified that DA or DA-receptors were not involved As2O3-induced hypothermia.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1982

Indirect macrophage migration inhibition response to 3-M KCl extract of gastric carcinoma.

With the use of indirect macrophage migration inhibition (MMI) test, the MMI response to 3-M KCl extract from gastric carcinoma or adjacent normal tissue was studied in patients with gastric carcinoma, in patients with other types of carcinoma, and in normal controls. The migration index (MI) of less than 75, which was 2 SD below the mean MI of normal controls, was considered positive. Twelve (23%) of 52 patients with gastric carcinoma showed positive response to autologous tumor extract, whereas only 2 (6%) of 35 patients responded to autologous normal tissue extract (P less than 0.03). Positive response to allogeneic gastric carcinoma extract occurred in 4 (9%) of 47 patients with gastric carcinoma and in none of 25 patients with other types of carcinoma. None of 39 patients with gastric carcinoma and 19 patients with nongastric carcinoma responded to allogeneic normal tissue extract. These results appeared to show a lower degree of sensitivity but a relatively higher degree of specificity in the indirect MMI test, as compared to those in the direct leukocyte migration inhibition test, for detection of the cell-mediated immune response to tumor-associated antigens in patients with gastric carcinoma.

Cell Migration Inhibition↗
PubMed1982

Simple, direct measurement of lipoprotein X in serum.

This relatively simple method for quantitative estimation of lipoprotein X is based on assay of phospholipids in precipitates of lipoprotein X. We first remove other lipoproteins by precipitation with phosphotungstic acid solution. Lipoprotein X is then precipitated from the supernatant fluid with an alkaline solution of magnesium ion, and phospholipid is determined in this precipitate. Results are linearly related to concentration of lipoprotein X. The CV is less than 3%. Results correlated well with those for agar gel electrophoresis.

Cholestasis↗
PubMed1981

Sequential combination chemoimmunotherapy for various malignant tumors: clinical and laboratory results.

A chemoimmunotherapy program designed on the bases of the results of animal experiments was designed for 139 patients with various advanced malignant tumors. The treatment regimen consisted of cyclophosphamide (CY) 200 mg intravenously on day 1, Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (VCN) treated autologous tumor cells admixed with BCG 5 to 10 mg intradermally on day 4 and mitomycin C (MMC) 10 to 16 mg and 5-fluorouracil (FU) 500 mg intravenously on day 7, of each course. Thereafter, maintenance treatment was started on day 14 with tegafur (FT) 600 mg and immunostimulants, such as OK432, PSK or levamisole. In the group of patients with gastric carcinoma, as compared to historical control patients, this treatment significantly improved survival in those with stage III disease (p less than 0.02), stage IV disease (p less than 0.05) and recurrent or unresectable tumor (p less than 0.001). Immune reactivities as measured by PPD skin test and PHA lymphocyte blastogenesis increased slightly following the therapy. After completion of the treatment, cellular immunity to autologous tumor extract could be detected in vitro by macrophage migration inhibition technique in 12 of 42 patients. The relationship of immune reactivity before or after therapy to patient survival was examined. Analysis of survival curves according to PPD skin test showed significant prolongation of survival in patients with positive reaction as compared to those with negative response following the treatment.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1981

Digestion of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides by endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase in the human skin fibroblasts obtained from fucosidosis patients.

The substrate specificity of human endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase was studied by using the homogenate of cultured skin fibroblasts of fucosidosis patients as an enzyme source. The results indicate that biantennary complex type asparagine-linked sugar chains as well as high mannose type sugar chains are cleaved by the enzyme action. None of the sugar chains with a fucosyl residue on the proximal N-acetylglucosamine of their N,N'-diacetylchitobiose moieties was cleaved. These results proved enzymatically the mechanism of production of oligosaccharides detected in the urine of various exoglycosidase deficiencies.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1981

Zinc effects on mouse spermatozoa and in-vitro fertilization.

The fertilizing ability of mouse epididymal and capacitated spermatozoa was tested by mixing with normal or zona-free ova. In the presence of Zn2+, the epididymal spermatozoa failed not only to penetrate the zona pellucida but also to fuse with zone-free ova, while no effect was observed on capacitated spermatozoa. Zn2+ also inhibited fertilization with spermatozoa preincubated in Ca2+-free medium. However, shortly after the addition of Ca2+ to the preincubated spermatozoa, Zn2+ lost its fertilization inhibitory activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

A new antitumor antibiotic, stubomycin.

A new antibiotic, stubomycin, was isolated from the culture broth and mycelia of Streptomyces strain No. KG-2245. Stubomycin was prepared as colorless plates and has the empirical formula C29H35NO5. The antibiotic possesses growth inhibitory activity against Gram-positive bacteria and transplantable murine tumors, such as Ehrlich carcinoma, and leukemia P388. The antibiotic also shows direct cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Relationship between lymphocyte proliferation and migration inhibitory factor production in response to autologous tumor extract in cancer patients.

In forty-nine patients with various carcinomas, cell-mediated immune response to 3M KCl extract of autologous tumor was studied with the use of both lymphocyte proliferation (LP) assay and macrophage migration inhibition (MMI) assay simultaneously. There was no correlation between stimulation index in LP assay and migration index in MMI assay in these simultaneous tests. The results of this study indicate dissociation between cell proliferation and migration inhibitory factor production of lymphocytes in response to autologous tumor extract in patients with various carcinomas.

Breast Neoplasms↗