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Biomedical subjects

M Kawabe

Publications and source records attributed to M Kawabe.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[The oral 1-25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 pulse therapy in hemodialysis patients for the early treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism].

It is said that maintenance hemodialysis patients are already suffering from secondary hyperparathyroidism (2HPT) from early stage of chronic renal failure. The treatment of 2HPT in this stage is very important for preventing renal osteodystrophy (ROD). But many long-term dialysis patients are still afflicted with ROD although vitamin D have been used for treatment. In this study, an oral administration of 1-25 (OH)2 D3 (4 micrograms) with pulse therapy twice a week at the day before hemodialysis was started for 12 weeks. The concentration of 1-25 (OH)2D3, total calcium (Ca), ionized calcium (Ca++), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and parathyroid hormone (PHT) in serum were measured not only before and after every 2 hours of administration a day, but also for 12 weeks after that. The peak of serum 1-25 (OH)2D3 could be sufficiently elevated after 8 hours, and the slight peak of Ca++ could be seen after 8 hours as well. But the level of total calcium could not increased. Although the level of only HS-PTH has not increased after 24 hours, a significant reduction in serum level of C-PTH, intact-PTH and HS-PTH could be recognized after 12 weeks finally. This pulse therapy was effective in reducing the serum level of PTH in this early stage from beginning hemodialysis. But, it needs further studies for the standard treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Comparative promoting activities of phosphate salts on rat two-stage bladder carcinogenesis under conditions of equivalent urinary Na+ or K+ levels.

Promoting effects of Na or K phosphate salts on rat two-stage bladder carcinogenesis were compared. Animals were treated with 0.05% N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN) in their drinking water for 4 weeks and thereafter received 1.4% Na3PO4, 2.0% NaH2PO4, 1.0% K3PO4, or 2.5% KH2PO4, these dietary concentrations being selected because they result in approximately equal levels of Na+ and K+ in the urine, equivalent to moderate natriuresis or kaluresis in comparison with our previous data. Treatment with Na3PO4 or K3PO4 induced significant increase in urinary pH compared with control values, whereas urinary pH in the NaH2PO4 and KH2PO4 groups was comparable to control values. With regard to preneoplastic lesion development, both incidences and multiplicity were significantly increased in the groups given Na3PO4 or K3PO4 compared with both controls and NaH2PO4 or KH2PO4 groups, respectively. Furthermore, treatment with Na3PO4 significantly increased multiplicity of papillomas, accompanied by a tendency to increased incidence. No statistically significant difference in promoting potential between Na3PO4 and K3PO4 groups was evident. The present results thus suggest that tumor promotion under conditions of moderate natriuresis or kaluresis depends primarily on high urinary pH.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Selective induction of rat urinary bladder tumors by simultaneous administration of 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl (DMAB) and butylated hydroxyanisole or butylated hydroxytoluene is associated with increased DMAB-DNA adduct formation.

Modification of 3,2'-dimethyl-4-aminobiphenyl (DMAB) multi-organ carcinogenesis by simultaneous treatment with butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) or butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) was studied using young and old male F344 rats. Animals, 4 or 54 weeks old, were given DMAB (s.c. injection of 50 mg/kg body wt once a week for 10 weeks) along with BHA (2.0% in diet for 11 weeks) or BHT (1.0% in diet for 11 weeks). The experiments were terminated 55 weeks after the commencement. Combined administration of BHA or BHT with the carcinogen resulted in development of urinary bladder tumors in greater than 90% of both young and old rats thus treated, whereas no tumors were induced in animals given DMAB alone. In contrast, the appearance of preneoplastic lesions in the liver and pancreas was reduced by BHA or BHT treatment. Tumor development (less than 30% incidence) was also evident in the small and large intestines, prostate, preputial glands, skin/subcutis and ear duct, with no modification by BHA or BHT. No ageing effects were evident. The formations of DMAB-DNA adducts, evaluated by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistochemical staining, correlated well with tumorigenesis in the urinary bladder, liver and pancreas. The selective enhancement of urinary bladder tumor induction by BHA and BHT appeared to be due to both increased DMAB-DNA adduct formation caused by metabolic alteration of DMAB in the liver and increased DNA synthesis in the urothelial cells.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1990

Carcinogenicity of captafol in F344/DuCrj rats.

Captafol was administered at dietary levels of 0 (control), 750 and 1,500 parts per million (ppm) to groups of 50 male and 50 female F344/DuCrj rats for 104 weeks, and then all animals were maintained without captafol for a further 8 weeks, and killed in week 113. Renal cell carcinoma was found in eight of 50 male rats treated with 1,500 ppm and in one of 50 male rats treated with 750 ppm of captafol. The incidences of renal adenomas, including micro-adenomas, and basophilic altered cell tubules were significantly higher in both sexes treated with captafol than in controls, and the increases were apparently dose-dependent except that of adenomas in females. The incidences of neoplastic and preneoplastic lesions of the kidney in captafol-treated animals were higher in males than in females. Captafol also induced hepatocellular carcinomas in four of 50 female rats in the 1,500 ppm group. The incidences of hyperplastic (neoplastic) nodules and foci of cellular alterations in the liver were also significantly increased in both sexes treated with captafol, the increases being dose-dependent. In conclusion, captafol induced renal cell carcinomas in male rats and hepatocellular carcinomas in female rats.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

[How to discriminate between vibration syndrome and local fatigue of motorcyclists].

Motorcyclists who work in some offices sometimes complained of coldness, pain and numbness of upper limbs. We studied how to discriminate between vibration syndrome and local fatigue of the motorcyclists. Subjects are 42 motorcyclists of an office in Aichi prefecture. 25 of them held several letters in their left hand when they delivered the letters. They complained of coldness, pain and numbness in the left upper limbs more than in the right limbs (p less than 0.01). We think that it is the local fatigue rather than the disorder of vibration syndrome that causes such symptoms. So it is very important to recognize the existence of local fatigue in order to know how to discriminate between vibration syndrome and local fatigue of the motorcyclists.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Recombinant human alpha-interferon therapy for chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis: second report.

Four million units per day of recombinant human alpha-interferon were administered three times weekly for 16 wk to 26 patients with chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis. The efficacy of therapy was assessed by comparing it with the results in the nontreated patients, or with our previous study in which we administered 2 million units per day of interferon. The treatment was discontinued in four patients 8 wk after start of therapy because there was no improvement in serum aminotransferase levels. The remaining 22 patients completed the treatment schedule, and their aminotransferase values showed significant decreases throughout the therapy and during the follow-up period, compared with their baseline levels or the nontreated group. After 3 months of follow-up, normal aminotransferase activities were seen in eight treated patients. In four of these patients, liver histology showed a marked improvement in inflammation and parenchymal cell necrosis. Percent change from pretreatment level of serum 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity was significantly higher in the aminotransferase-normalized group than in the nonnormalized group during therapy. The present study suggested that a higher dose of alpha-interferon could control the disease activity more effectively in patients with chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1990

[Porphyria cutanea tarda in a chronic hemodialysis patient].

After 6 months on hemodialysis, a 58-year-old male patient with diabetes developed photosensitive bullous dermatosis on his hands and face. There was no evidence of liver diseases although the patient had a history of excessive alcohol consumption. He was suspected to have iron overload in the liver. Analysis of porphyrins in plasma, hemofiltrate, urine and feces by high performance liquid chromatography revealed significantly high levels in these samples with a porphyrin profiles which is consistent with porphyria cutanea tarda. The fluorometric assays of plasma also disclosed an elevated plasma porphyrin level. And it seemed that there were correlation between the fluctuation of vesicle formation, serum ferritin level and plasma porphyrin level. Small volume plasma exchange temporarily reduced the plasma porphyrin level and prevented vesicle formation.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1989

[Two cases of scleroderma associated with vibration syndrome].

Case 1, a 49-year-old male who had been engaged in repair and reclamation of automobile tires, developed symptoms of vibration syndrome (Raynaud's phenomenon, numbness of both hands, tinnitus and impaired hearing) after some 30 years' use of a grinder and impact wrench. Two years thereafter, multiple sclerodermic lesions appeared over the trunk, upper extremities, and thighs; these disappeared about 2 years later. Histologically, hyperplasia and nodular swelling of collagen bundles were present in the dermis. An immunological study showed the serum to be positive for anti-centromere antibody, but no visceral lesions were demonstrable. This case corresponded to generalized morphea. Case 2, a 53-year-old male, developed symptoms of vibration syndrome (Raynaud's phenomenon, numbness of both hands, impaired hearing and arthralgia) after 25 years' use of a jack hammer in a quarry. Thereafter, sclerodermic changes of the forearms, lower legs, face and abdomen occurred with an associated sclerodactyly. Histological examination of involved skin revealed diffuse hyperplasia and homogenization of collagen bundles throughout the entire thickness of the dermis. These findings, together with serum positivity for anti-RNP antibody and dilation of the lower portion of the esophagus, led us to a diagnosis of progressive systemic sclerosis. We inferred that the vibration syndrome in the present cases might be related etiologically to these forms of scleroderma.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1989

[Neoplastic angioendotheliosis: a case of T cell lymphoma positive for S-100 protein].

A 63-year-old woman presented with painless, firm, subcutaneous nodules on her legs and trunk. The lesions were annular or serpiginous and their surface was livid-red to pale-red. Superficial lymph nodes were not palpable. Upper gastrointestinal series, barium enema, Ga scintigraphy, and CT findings were negative. Histological examination revealed deep dermal vessels occupied by neoplastic cells and fibrin thrombi. We diagnosed her as having neoplastic angioendotheliosis. Electron microscopically, tumor cells lacked Weibel-Palade bodies. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for leukocyte common antigen, T11, MT-1, HLA-DR and S-100 protein. They were negative for Factor VIII-related antigen, epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, B-1, and B-2. Immunoelectron microscopic study showed that their nuclei, cytoplasma, and cell membranes were positive for S-100 protein. Based on these findings, we diagnosed her as having T cell lymphoma. The patient rejected chemotherapy and was discharged. Three months after discharge, right hemiplegia developed. Brain CT scan revealed enhanced masses in the left frontal, temporal, and occipital lobes. Craniotomy showed only gliosis and hemorrhage. She died of cerebral bleeding three months after craniotomy.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1988

[A case of primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the right lung].

A malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma found in adults, but a primary MFH of the lung is very rare. A chest X-ray taken of a 73-year-old man revealed a massive lesion in the right upper lobe, and a subsequent right upper lobe lobectomy uncovered a soft, light yellow tumor in the right S3 area, measuring 2.8 x 2.6 x 1.7 cm. Histologically, the tumor manifested a typical storiform pattern of spindle-sharp cells with no sign of a myosarcoma. As no abnormal lesion was detected in the abdomen and extremities, the tumor was diagnosed as a primary MFH of the lung.

Aged↗