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Biomedical subjects

M Kaufman

Publications and source records attributed to M Kaufman.

211 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Lung abscess caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3. The importance of counterimmunoelectrophoresis in laboratory diagnosis.

We are reporting the case of an 18-month-old girl with a post-pneumonic lung abscess. The counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) of the patient's urine during the bacteremic phase of the disease gave a precipitation line with pneumococcal antiserum. Later in the course of the disease, after the diagnosis of lung abscess had been established, the pus drained from the abscess gave positive reactions with pneumococcal omnivalent serum and type 3 pneumococcal antiserum. At this stage, the pus was sterile and blood cultures were negative. This case demonstrates that the CIE test is a simple procedure which gives a rapid and exact diagnosis up to the serotype level.

Counterimmunoelectrophoresis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Age differences in entropy: primary versus secondary memory.

We report a spatial-memory scanning experiment that was used to measure age differences in entropy. A target grid consisting of four adjacent letters followed by the presentation of a single probe letter was presented on each trial. Half of the trials presented the probe stimulus in the same spatial position was the target letter (i.e., the probe letter was always a member of the positive set), and half of the trials transposed the target letter one, two, or three spaces of the right or left of the original target display position (i.e., different trials). The experiment involved blocks of primary-memory and secondary-memory tasks. Reaction-time and error-rate data, as well as entropy analyses and the fitting of an entropy model (based on Allen, Kaufman, Smith, and Propper, in press) to the empirical data indicated that older adults showed higher entropy levels than young adults. These results are interpreted in a "computational temperature" framework in which older adults' higher computational temperatures result in less efficient spatial, episodic memory functioning.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Accuracy of prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart defects.

OBJECTIVES: (1) To evaluate the detection and accuracy of fetal echocardiography for congenital heart defects (CHD). (2) To compare the detection and accuracy of a team of maternal fetal medicine specialists and radiologists (MFM/R) with those of perinatal cardiologists (PC). METHODS: All fetal echocardiograms performed from 1/91 to 6/95 were reviewed retrospectively. CHD diagnoses made prenatally were compared with postnatally-confirmed diagnoses. RESULTS: 106 heat defects were correctly detected prenatally. There were 10 incorrect diagnoses, 6 false-negatives and 4 false-positives. Overall detection rate (sensitivity) was 95%, while overall accuracy was 87%. Detection rate for MFM/R and PC were 91 and 97%, respectively (p = 0.4). Accuracy was 74% for MFM/R and 92% for PC (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: CHD can be identified reliably by prenatal echocardiography. The involvement of a PC in the prenatal diagnosis of these defects may improve diagnostic accuracy.

False Negative Reactions↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Marlex mesh in giant ventral hernia repair.

Marlex mesh (polypropylene) is an excellent prosthetic material for closure of major defects in the abdominal wall. It helps to overcome many technical difficulties, making possible the repair of virtually every hernia. We describe two methods of ventral hernia repair, using Marlex mesh. In 20 operations in which one of the two methods was used, the results were uniformly satisfactory with acceptably low morbidity and no deaths.

Adult↗