[Patients at orthopedic ward of Tokyo Univ. Hospital].
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Hospital Units↗
Biomedical subjects
M Katoh
Publications and source records attributed to M Katoh.
Biological significance of gene amplification in carcinogenesis.
K-SAM gene was originally isolated as an amplified gene in a stomach cancer cell line by in-gel DNA renaturation method. K-SAM encodes a membrane receptor with tyrosine kinase and is often amplified in poorly differentiated type of stomach cancer, while c-ERBB-2 is often amplified in well differentiated type of stomach cancer. There are several forms of K-SAM mRNAs which are generated by alternative splicing, and two types of K-SAM protein without transmembrane region. The ligand of K-SAM is considered to be growth factor(s) belonging to fibroblast growth factor (FGF) or heparin binding growth factor (HBFG) family. We have also frequently found amplification of HST-1 or HSTF1 gene in esophageal cancer. HST-1 gene, originally found as a transforming gene, is located on human chromosome 11q13, and it locates 35 kbp apart from its related gene, INT-2. Neither of the genes was expressed even in cancer cells with the co-amplification. By cosmid walking, we have identified at least two genes, designated tentatively as EXP1 and EXP2, on the same amplicon as HST-1 and INT-2, and the mRNAs for EXP1 and EXP2 genes were increased in amounts proportional to the degree of amplification.
Esophageal Neoplasms↗
[Roentgenological manifestation of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in the cervical spine causing severe spinal canal stenosis--a group comparison with and without marked spinal cord dysfunction].
Relationship between the degree of clinical symptoms and the lateral roentgenograms of the cervical OPLL causing severe spinal canal stenosis was studied among patients whose roentgenological minimum antero-posterior diameters of the available spinal canals were under 9mm. Lateral roentgenograms of 28 clinically mild patients were compared with those of 20 clinically severe patients. The type of ossification, the extent of OPLL, the narrowest level of the available spinal canal, and the minimum a-p diameter were not statistically significant parameters. The degree of canal stenosis at the 1cm cranial and 1cm caudal levels from the narrowest level, and the axial extent of canal stenosis around the narrowest level were less significantly in the group with mild symptoms than in the group with severe symptoms.
Adult↗
[Intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy using an implantable reservoir in the treatment of hepatic metastases in colorectal cancer].
With colorectal cancer, the therapeutic outcome for multiple hepatic metastasis extending to the bilateral lobe, even when various chemotherapies are administered, is extremely poor. For multiple hepatic metastases at our clinic, from November, 1985, through February, 1991, we used an implantable reservoir to administer intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy and reviewed the results. We treated 16 patients with hepatic metastases of colorectal cancer, H2 in 3 cases and H3 in 13 cases. When we used the reduction rate of the tumor diameter as seen by CT scan as a criteria for antitumor effectiveness, 1 case was CR and 3 cases were PR, for an efficacy rate of 25.0%. Changes in the serum CEA level were related to antitumor effectiveness. Among the evaluable cases, the 1-year survival rate was 60.0%, which was significantly more favorable than the 20.0% obtained in the systemic chemotherapy group (p less than 0.05). Given the above, although there are a few problems such as the kind and dose of drugs, the use of intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy with an implantable reservoir to treat hepatic metastases of colorectal cancer permits a form of chemotherapy providing a better QOL out of hospital.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
[Induction of a liver metastatic and recurrent model from colonic VX2 cancer lesions of the rabbit: preliminary report].
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Animals↗
[Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura associated with myasthenia gravis].
A case of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) associated with myasthenia gravis (MG) is reported. A 56-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital on April 27, 1988, because of easy fatigue and double vision. She was diagnosed as having myasthenia gravis from her neurological and laboratory findings. On the 14th hospital day, she developed fever, jaundice, hematuria, purpura and consciousness disturbance. Hematological examination revealed marked anemia, thrombocytopenia, fragmented red blood cells, elevated bilirubin and LDH level. Coagulation studies were almost normal. She was diagnosed as having TTP and treated with corticosteroid, antiplatelet agents and plasma exchange. Clinical condition and laboratory findings improved by the 23rd hospital day. It has been reported that TTP is associated with various autoimmune disease such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. However TTP associated with MG appears the first report. This case may suggest that one of pathogenesis of TTP is autoimmune mechanism.
Autoimmunity↗
Detection of transforming growth factor alpha in human urine and plasma.
A sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system for human transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha) was developed in combination with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. Employing this assay system, we detected TGF alpha like activity in normal human plasma as well as in cancer patients' urine and plasma. These TGF alpha were analyzed by chromatography, immunoreactivity, and EGF-TGF alpha receptor binding assay and found to be identical to authentic human TGF alpha. The presence of TGF alpha circulating in normal adult plasma suggests a new role of TGF alpha in the human body.
Biomarkers↗
A new sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha) based upon conformational modification by antibody binding.
A sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for human TGF alpha was established utilizing monoclonal and polyclonal anti-synthetic human TGF alpha antibodies with defined epitopes. A polyclonal antibody which was raised in a rabbit and affinity purified by C terminal peptide (hTGF alpha (34-50)) recognized both intact and denatured human TGF alpha. Murine monoclonal antibodies isolated bound only to the denatured form of TGF alpha at the second loop (hTGF alpha (16-33)). However, the rabbit antibody was found to induce a conformation change of intact TGF alpha and the resultant immunocomplex was recognized by monoclonal antibodies. By virtue of this property, the ELISA could detect both native and denatured TGF alpha with the same efficiency with a detection limit of 0.1 ng/ml. Human EGF did not interfere with the ELISA. Production of TGF alpha in several transformed human cell lines was quantitatively examined. Some cell lines were found to secrete TGF alpha, but the production rate was very low, except one melanoma, suggesting that TGF alpha may function only locally in a very limited area in vivo.
Animals↗
Development and evaluation of the TD97 measles virus vaccine.
The TD97 strain vaccine virus was prepared from the Tanabe strain measles virus by low-temperature passages in primary cell cultures and ultraviolet (UV) mutagenesis. The TD97 strain exhibited the following characteristics: highly temperature sensitive, neither multiplying nor forming any plaques at 40 degrees C in Vero cells; genetically stable, maintaining high temperature sensitivity after ten successive passages in CE cells at 30 degrees C or 35 degrees C; and M proteins of this virus about 1 KD slower in mobility in SDS-PAGE than that of the Tanabe strain. The TD97 strain was further confirmed to be attenuated by an inoculation test into primate brain. In field trials, 752 healthy children were inoculated with a live virus vaccine prepared with this strain, and the following results were obtained: the seroconversion rate was 97% (517/533), and the average HI antibody titer was 2(5.2). An antibody-increasing effect was also observed in children who were initially seropositive. In children who seroconverted, the rates of fever were 15.7% (55/351) for 37.5 degrees C or higher and 4.0% (14/351) for 39 degrees C or higher. The rash rate was 7.7% (27/351), and the incidence of local reaction was 5.4% (19/351). The TD97 strain is thus considered to be suitable in use for an attenuated measles vaccine.
Animals↗
Effects of surface charges and cholesterol content on amino acid permeabilities of small unilamellar vesicles.
The permeabilities of amino acids through bilayer lipid membranes were determined using small unilamellar vesicles (SUV). Alanine, lysine, arginine, and glutamate show permeabilities on the order of 10(-10)-10(-11) cm/s in the case of SUV prepared from dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine and dicetylphosphate. An increase in the amount of negative charges introduced by dicetylphosphate enhanced the permeability of the positively charged amino acid (i.e., lysine). The permeabilities of net charged amino acids decreased with an increase in cholesterol content, and became less than 10(-12) cm/s with the membrane which consists of equimolar amounts of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine and cholesterol.
Alanine↗
Tissue distribution of HRF20, a novel factor preventing the membrane attack of homologous complement, and its predominant expression on endothelial cells in vivo.
A 20,000 molecular weight (MW) homologous restriction factor (HRF20), detected by 1F5 monoclonal antibody (mAb), is present on blood cell surfaces and inhibits the terminal stage of the formation of membrane attack complexes by homologous complement activation. The tissue distribution of HRF20 was studied by immunohistochemical analysis using 1F5. HRF20 was predominantly expressed on endothelial cells of systemic arteries, veins and capillaries, as well as on the surface of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. HRF20 was also detected, to a lesser extent, on the Schwann sheath of peripheral nerve fibres, ependymal cells and certain epithelial cells such as acinar cells of the salivary gland, bronchial epithelium, renal tubules and squamous epithelium. The distribution pattern of HRF20 differed somewhat from that of decay-accelerating factor (DAF), which is another membrane inhibitor of homologous complement activation.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
[Effect of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy on renal function-an experience with the new type piezoelectric lithotripter, Therasonic].
Seventeen patients with renal stones and 17 patients with ureteral stones were treated using the newly developed piezoelectric shock wave lithotripter, THERASONIC. To determine the effect of shock wave on renal function, urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity, urinary beta 2 microglobulin (BMG) concentration, serum BMG concentration and creatinine clearance (Ccr) were measured. Urinary NAG activity and urinary BMG concentration in renal stone patients were significantly elevated immediately after the treatment and returned to the pretreatment value within 24 hours. Neither serum BMG nor Ccr showed significant change in any of the patients. Therefore, we conclude that the renal tubular damage, which is transient and subtle, is the effect of shock wave lithotripsy using THERASONIC machine.
Acetylglucosaminidase↗
[Clinical study concerning of latamoxef concentration in the obstructed urinary tract].
Urinary LMOX concentration was studied in 18 patients with unilateral ureteral obstruction. The concentration of LMOX in the urine from the mild obstructed kidney was 124 to 2,140 micrograms/ml and 10 micrograms/ml in the severely obstructed ones. The difference was probably due to the intensity and the duration of the obstruction. The patient with 99mTc-DMSA renal uptake of less than 3% also had a urinary LMOX concentration of less than 7 micrograms/ml. The above results seem to show that 7 micrograms/ml in urinary LMOX concentration is a significant figure for treatment of UTI. 99mTc-DMSA renal uptake and renal echogram were used to estimate the excretion rate of antibiotics into the urine.
Adolescent↗
[Expression of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers in chronic liver disease positive for antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV)].
We investigated expression of HBV markers in chronic liver disease positive for antibody to HCV (anti-HCV). Sera from 107 patients with chronic non-A, non-B liver disease, 65 HBs antigen carriers with chronic liver disease and 14 asymptomatic HBV carriers were tested for the presence of anti-HCV. Anti-HCV was detected in 83 (78%) patients with chronic non-A, non-B liver disease, irrespective of the past history of blood transfusion, and anti-HCV prevalence was similar in each category of chronic liver disease. Fifty-three (64%) out of these 83 sera positive for anti-HCV has also antibodies to HBV. Anti-HBc antibody was detected frequently in liver cirrhotics with hepatocellular carcinoma than in chronic persistent hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis and cirrhotics without hepatocellular carcinoma. In addition, titers of anti-HBc antibody were significantly higher in cirrhotics with hepatocellular carcinoma than in the other groups. On the other hand, anti-HCV was detected in 7 out of 65 patients with HBV-related liver disease. Four out of these 7 were patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Anti-HCV was detected in none of asymptomatic HBV carriers. These findings suggest that infection with both HBV and HCV is likely to cause more serious liver disease than infection with a single agent.
Adult↗
[Complete occlusion of right middle cerebral artery by radiation therapy after removal of pituitary adenoma: case report].
Radiation angiopathy is a well-known complication accompanying irradiation. But the majority of effected vessels are small vessels. Cases of intracranial major arteries being effected are not so numerous. We report the case of a 47-year-old female patient. The removal of pituitary adenoma was carried out on her in 1982. After that, 4500rad irradiation was performed. It was about six years after irradiation that the first angiography was made. Right MCA occlusion, multiple stenosis of both ACAs and Moya-Moya like vessels were discovered. On admission light paresis on her left lower extremity was recognized and hyperlipidemia was noted. It was interesting that the multiple stenosis was found in an area outside the irradiation field. MCA-STA anastomosis was performed and the prognosis was good. The authors described this case and reviewed the pertinent literature.
Adenoma↗
[Treatment of urinary stones with Therasonic, the third generation piezoelectric shock wave lithotripter].
The THERASONIC lithotripsy treatment system, a newly developed piezoelectric lithotripter, uses both an X-ray and ultrasound system and enables stone localization effective. Treatment of urinary stones with THERASONIC was begun in June, 1989 and 57 treatments have already been performed on 38 patients. Successful treatment, defined as either stone free or with a residual stone less than 4 mm in diameter on flat X-ray film, was accomplished in 95% of the renal stones and over 50% of the ureteral stones. The overall success rate was 74%. Blood pressure and laboratory values did not show any significant change during or after the treatment. No major complication has been observed except for one perirenal hematoma which was resolved with conservative therapy.
Adolescent↗
[A case report of traumatic transection of the aortic arch].
A 16-year-old male, who sustained a blunt chest trauma in a traffic accident, was brought into the emergency room in an unconscious state, with an initial systolic blood pressure of 80 mmHg. He was found to have multiple fractures and a flail chest. The initial roentgenogram of the chest showed widening of the mediastinum. An emergency aortogram demonstrated intimal flap and aneurysmal dilatation of the aortic arch. Because of a coexisting severe contusion of the lung, operation was postponed until 15 days after admission. He was successfully treated by direct repair under profound hypothermia and circulatory arrest, which was induced by surface cooling in combination with ECC. Postoperatively he did well and 23 days after the operation, surgical repair of femoral and humeral fractures was performed by orthopedists.
Adolescent↗
[Leiomyoblastoma of the jejunum, report of a case].
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Humans↗