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Biomedical subjects

M Kataoka

Publications and source records attributed to M Kataoka.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[The role of gallium-67 citrate scintigraphy in gastro-intestinal malignant lymphoma].

To evaluate the clinical usefulness of gallium-67 scintigraphy in the detection of the gastrointestinal (GI) non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and in the assessment of the therapeutic effects, gallium-67 scintigraphy was reviewed on 24 cases (25 lesions; stomach in 20, ileum in 2, and terminal ileum and/or cecum in 3). Twenty-three out of the 25 lesions (92.0%) were detected by gallium-67 scintigraphy, while barium study could detect all of the 25 lesions. The sizes of the gallium-67 negative 2 lesions were the smallest of all (2.5 and 3.0 cm). The tumor size was considered to the most important factor in the detection by gallium-67 scintigraphy, while the histological classification and the location of the tumor were not related to its detectability. Findings in follow-up gallium-67 scintigraphy after therapy on 10 cases were correlated well with the therapeutic effects. These data suggest that gallium-67 scintigraphy is useful for the detection of GI involvement of NHL and for the assessment of therapeutic effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The role of gallium 67 imaging in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract.

To evaluate the clinical usefulness of gallium 67 imaging in the detection of gastrointestinal (GI) non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and in the assessment of the therapeutic effects, images were reviewed in 24 cases (25 lesions: stomach, 20; ileum, 2; and terminal ileum and or cecum, 3) and were compared using barium studies and, in 16 cases, computerized tomography (CT). In all, 23 (92.0%) of the 25 lesions were detected by 67Ga citrate imaging, the barium studies detected all 25, and CT detected 15 of 16 lesions (93.8%). The two lesions not identified by imaging and the one not found by CT were the smallest of all. In 2 (8.7%) of the 23 lesions positively identified by 67Ga-citrate imaging, both CT and imaging revealed the extent of the tumor more accurately than did the barium studies. In all but one of the patients, a close correlation existed between the imaging results and the therapeutic effects. These data suggest that 67Ga imaging is useful in conjunction with CT and barium studies for the detection of GI NHL and for the assessment of both the spatial extent of disease and the therapeutic effects, although a lack of 67Ga uptake after therapy does not always indicate a good therapeutic effect.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1990

Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using N-isopropyl-p-(123I) iodoamphetamine (IMP) in the evaluation of patients with epileptic seizures.

To evaluate the clinical usefulness of IMP SPECT in the diagnosis of epilepsy, 6 normals and 52 patients in the interictal phase were studied. Thirty min after an intravenous injection of 111 MBq IMP, SPECT was performed using a rotating gamma camera. Of 21 patients with simple partial seizures, a localized decrease of uptake was shown in 16, and an increase in 3. Topologically, these findings corresponded well to the ictal symptoms. Nine of 13 patients with localized epileptic EEG had a good correspondence between the findings on EEG and IMP SPECT. In 20 of 23 with complex partial seizures, the coronal images showed laterality of uptake in the temporal lobes, whereas the CT was normal in 14. However, these findings on IMP SPECT agreed with the EEG in the temporal leads in only 5 cases. Of 8 patients with primary generalized seizures, a diffuse cerebral decrease was shown in 3 of 4 patients with convulsive seizures (grand mal), and a normal uptake in 3 of 4 patients with non-convulsive seizures (petit mal). However, 2 patients showed a localized decrease, therefore, we determined that they suffered from partial seizures evolving to secondarily generalization. From these data, we concluded that IMP SPECT could be a useful method in the diagnosis of epilepsy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Lipoma of the esophagus--report of a case and review of the literature.

We report herein, a rare case of esophageal lipoma and review the Japanese literature on this subject. Lipoma of the alimentary tract is relatively uncommon but that of the esophagus is extremely rare with only 17 cases having been reported in Japan. The majority of these cases occurred in the cervical esophagus with the most serious symptom being regurgitation of the pedunculated tumor which lead to asphyxia and death in one case. Only 2 cases occurred in the thoracic esophagus and these tumors were small in size and resected endoscopically. This is the first reported case of an esophageal lipoma being located in the thoracic esophagus which was resected through a thorocotomy. The clinical features of esophageal lipoma are also described herein.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Thymic carcinoid--a case report and review of the literature.

We report herein a case of a patient with thymic carcinoid who was operated on twice and has been followed for 9 years. In 1979, the original tumor was removed through an emergency left thoracotomy incision done for a hemothorax caused by an anterior mediastinal biopsy. Tumor recurrence was found 6 years later and removal carried out through a median sternotomy. The patient has been working and enjoying life following radiation and chemotherapy for a total of 9 years after his first operation. Recurrent thymic carcinoid has been thought to carry a poor prognosis, but this successfully treated case has been followed up for a long time after the removal of his recurrent tumor. We present this case and discuss other such cases reported in the Japanese literature.

Carcinoid Tumor↗
PubMed1990

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 5-substituted 6,8-difluoroquinolones, including sparfloxacin, a new quinolone antibacterial agent with improved potency.

A series of 5,7-disubstituted 1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-4(1H)-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acids (10-36) were prepared; the C-5 substituent in these compounds comprised halo, hydroxy, mercapto, and amino groups and the C-7 functional group included variously substituted piperazines. In vitro antibacterial screening results indicated that the amino group was optimal among the C-5 substituents. A combination of the C-5 amino group and the C-7 3,5-dimethylpiperazinyl appendage in this series conferred the best overall antibacterial property with lack of adverse drug interactions. Compound 36k [named sparfloxacin, originally AT-4140, 5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-7-(cis-3,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)- 4(1H)-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid] was superior to ciprofloxacin in both in vitro and in vivo potency and hence was selected as a promising candidate for an improved therapeutic agent.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1990

Serum CA125 level is a good prognostic indicator in lung cancer.

The serum CA125 level was determined by a one-step immunoradiometric assay method in patients with lung cancer. Increased serum CA125 levels were observed in 37.8% of patients with squamous cell cancer, in 30.0% of those with adenocarcinoma and in 60.0% of those with small call cancer. Most patients with increased serum CA125 levels were in stages 3 or 4. Patients with pleural effusions or ascites showed high serum CA125 levels. The survival time was significantly shorter in patients with increased serum CA125 levels than in those within normal limits. Among patients with advanced disease (stages 3 and 4), an increased serum CA125 level was again a poor prognostic factor (P less than 0.01). The existence of a pleural effusion did not correlate with the survival time. We conclude that CA125 is a good indicator of disease extent and serum levels correlate to the length of survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Syntheses and biological activities of renin inhibitors containing statine analogues.

Syntheses and biological activities of dipeptide renin inhibitors that contain statine analogues are described. The key steps of the synthetic approach to dipeptide renin inhibitors are the asymmetric synthesis of 2(R)-substituted-3-aminocarbonylpropionic acids and the diastereoselective syntheses of (3S,4S)-statine analogues. These inhibitors (2,14-40) inhibited human renin in the 3-140 nM range. Inhibitor ES 6864 (2) was found to be a highly potent inhibitor of human renin (IC50: 4.6 x 10(-9) M) and showed high enzyme specificity. Oral administration of ES 6864 at 3 mg/kg to conscious, sodium-depleted marmosets inhibited plasma renin activity (PRA) more than 80% after 1 h.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1990

[Analysis of cell kinetics using BrdU monoclonal antibody on cultured tumor cells after irradiation and treatment with anti-cancer drugs].

Flow cytometry (FCM) permits instantaneous determination of the percentages of cells in various phases of cell cycle using BrdU-PI double staining method, and allowing rapid evaluation of the effects of irradiation and anti-cancer drugs (ACNU, ADR, BLM) on the cell kinetics. In this study, the growth inhibition and changes in the cell kinetics after irradiation and chemotherapy were examined according to the growth curve analysis and BrdU-PI method to evaluate the usefulness of BrdU-PI method for assessment of the effect of the treatments. By the conventional method based on the DNA histogram, accurate determination of S cell fraction was difficult due to overlapping of the DNA contents of G1 cells and early S cells and those of late S cells and G2 cells. BrdU-PI double staining allowed direct differentiation of G1, S, and G2 + M cells, especially between G1-S and S-G2 + M cells. The analysis of cell kinetics using BrdU is advantageous in comparison to the conventional autoradiographic methods because it allows more rapid assay with very high sensitivity. By the present BrdU method, rapid transition to the G1-S phase was observed within 4 hours after exposure to radiation and anti-cancer drugs. This initial G1 arrest induced by irradiation was confirmed for the first time by the present BrdU-PI double staining. The present method is considered to be indispensable for evaluation of the percentage of S cells in the tumor tissue and analysis of cell kinetics after irradiation and chemotherapy against cancer.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

A rare type of intramural esophageal diverticulosis.

Benign stenosis of the mid-thoracic esophagus developed in a 28-yr-old man. At operation, the esophageal wall was adherent to the surrounding tissues at the level of the stricture, and the esophageal wall appeared scarred and felt hard. Pathologic examination of the resected specimen showed many submucosal cystic spaces associated with mucosal depressions. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of esophageal intramural diverticulosis was made. However, some cystic spaces ran parallel to the long axis of the esophagus, and one had penetrated the muscular layers and led into the inflammatory mass. Muscularis mucosa surrounded the cystic spaces, and inflammation was slight. These findings suggest that the etiology of the esophageal diverticula of this case was a congenital malformation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Diffuse gallium-67 uptake in radiation pneumonitis.

To evaluate the clinical usefulness of Ga-67 imaging for the assessment of radiation pneumonitis, 12 patients who had developed radiation pneumonitis after receiving radiotherapy alone for non-small-cell lung cancer from 1979 through 1988 were reviewed. Diffuse bilateral Ga-67 uptake occurred in 5 out of the 12 cases; in the other 7 cases, Ga-67 uptake was confined to the irradiation lung. Conversely, chest radiography showed infiltrates only in the irradiated lung. Histopathology of the lung in four out of the five cases that showed diffuse Ga-67 uptake in the lung, however, revealed that the lung outside the radiation field with Ga-67 uptake was consistent with interstitial pneumonitis induced by radiation. These results suggest that radiation pneumonitis could extend beyond the irradiated lung and that Ga-67 imaging is more useful than chest radiography for the assessment of the spatial extent of radiography pneumonitis.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Ultrasonographic analysis of splenomegaly in patients with sarcoidosis].

Thirty seven patients with sarcoidosis were examined using ultrasound (US) to determine the size of the spleen. A Spleen Index (SI) was employed to evaluate splenomegaly and the SI was calculated using long (a) and short (b) dimensions on the sectional splenotomogram (SI = a x b). In 21 (57%) of these patients the spleen was judged ultrasonographically to be enlarged (SI 30), but in only 3 was it palpable. The clinical records of patients with and without splenomegaly detected by US were compared. There were no differences between patients with or without splenomegaly in hematologic findings (peripheral blood and bone marrow) or blood chemistry; furthermore no patients with hypersplenism were seen. In immunological parameters, the serum immunosuppressive acid protein level was significantly (p less than 0.05) higher in patients with splenomegaly than in those without splenomegaly; however, there were no differences in serum angiotenins converting enzyme activity, serum lysozyme level, PPD skin test or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis. The patients with splenomegaly had significantly higher evidence of increased uptake of 67-Gallium in lung fields and positive lung infiltrates in chest X-ray than those without splenomegaly (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.05). These data suggest that ultrasound is a promising diagnostic tool for the assessment of the size of the spleen and is useful to detect disease activity and extent of disease in sarcoidosis. Patients with sarcoidosis who had splenomegaly had more disseminated disease, especially pulmonary parenchymal disease, than did those without splenomegaly.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Intra-articular rheumatoid nodules of the knee joint].

Intra-articular rheumatoid nodules found in 6 knee joints of 4 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were reported with histological findings. All patients were women, ranging in age from 32 to 61 years, with 6 to 41-year history of rheumatoid arthritis. The masses were exclusively in the anterolateral aspect of the joint. Snapping occurred when the joint was flexed by 20 degrees in four joints and by 60 degrees in two. The masses had the sizes of a thumb tip to index-finger tip, and were elastic and soft. Histologic examination of the masses revealed the typical formation of rheumatoid nodule in two joints. Myxomatous degeneration and granulation tissue consistent with rheumatoid arthritis were found in two joints. Perivascular fibrosis and myxomatous degeneration were mainly demonstrated in two joints which had developed masses two months before excision.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Radiation-induced esophageal stricture in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy].

Five out of 165 cases (3.0%) which were treated for non-small cell lung cancer with radiotherapy (98 cases were treated with chemoradiotherapy, and the other 67 cases, radiotherapy alone) developed esophageal stricture. Their clinical courses, the relationship among radiation dosage, combination with chemotherapy, the length of the irradiated esophagus, and the occurrence of esophageal stricture were reviewed. One of the 5 cases was a case with lung cancer in Bloom's syndrome, which developed an esophageal stricture after receiving only 30.6 Gy (the TDF value was 46.2) to the esophagus. This case suggests the possibility that a patient with Bloom's syndrome is more radiosensitive than normal controls. The other 4 cases were treated with combined chemoradiotherapy. One of the 4 cases was treated with concomitant use of bleomycin (BLM), while the TDF value was not more than 100 (75.4). The concomitant sue of BLM was almost certainly the cause of the esophageal stricture. The other 3 cases were treated with chemoradiotherapy, the TDF values of which were more than 100 (108.7, 112.5, and 129.3). The chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy and the overdosage were considered to be the cause of the esophageal stricture in these 3 cases. These data suggest that in Bloom's syndrome, radiotherapy should be performed carefully and that BLM should not be used simultaneously with irradiation to the esophagus. It is also believed that a radiation dose over 100 in TDF value to the esophagus should be discouraged when chemotherapy is combined.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with N-isopropyl-p-(123I) iodoamphetamine in partial epilepsy--evaluation of delayed image].

Thirty eight patients with partial seizures in the interictal phase were studied using single photon emission computed tomography performed 30 min. (early image) and 4-4.5 hrs. (delayed image) after an injection of 111 MBq (3 mCi) N-isopropyl-p(123I) iodoamphetamine (IMP). Five types of distribution changes were observed on IMP-SPECT between the early and delayed images. Eight patients, Type 1, exhibited an unchanged distribution of IMP between the early and delayed images. Fifteen patients, Type 2, showed a smaller area of low uptake on the IMP-SPECT (delayed image) compared to that on the IMP-SPECT (early image)-redistribution. The Type 3 patients exhibited an initial uptake area on the IMP-SPECT (early image) which later became a lower uptake area on the IMP-SPECT (delayed image)-reversed redistribution. This type was further classified into three categories according to the initial uptake pattern including (a) Type 3A, 3 patients with increased uptake area, (b) Type 3B, 6 patients with normal uptake area, and (c) Type 3C, 6 patients with decreased uptake area. With Type 2, the epileptic findings on the present interictal electroencephalography (EEG) were shown in 11 of 15 patients. However, we could not find any other remarkable correlation among these 5 types and the clinical factors (the types of seizures, the X-CT findings, the present interictal EEG data, the present frequency of seizures, and the intervals from the last seizure). In 2 patients with Type 3B who suffered from simple partial seizures, a region of the normal distribution on the IMP-SPECT (early image) became a lower uptake area on the IMP-SPECT (delayed image), corresponding topologically to the ictal symptoms. In this experience, we determined that the IMP-SPECT (delayed image) could be useful in patients with the epileptic lesions unable to be detected on the IMP-SPECT (early image).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Spread of herpes simplex virus type-1 (Miyama +GC strain) to the central nervous system after intraperitoneal inoculation: the role of the myenteric plexus of the gut.

The pathways taken by the HSV-1 virus after intraperitoneal (i.p.) inoculation were studied in 5-week old male C3H/HeN mice injected with 1 x 10(4) PFU (100 LD50) or 5 x 10(5) PFU (5000 LD50) of HSV-1 (Miyama +GC strain). At the higher dosage (5 x 10(5) PFU), HSV-1 began replicating in the adrenal from the first day, then in the gut and thoracic portion of the spinal cord by the third day, and in the brainstem by the fourth day, as shown by the titers of the virus in these organs. By immunoperoxidase staining HSV-1 was localized in a necrotic area of the adrenal, the myenteric plexus of the gut, the intermediolateral columns of the thoracic cord, and the vagus nerve nuclei of the medulla oblongata. In the low dose mice (1 x 10(4) PFU), HSV-1 was not isolated from the adrenal or thoracic segment of the spinal cord from the time of inoculation until the time of death. It was, however, isolated from the gut on days 4-6 and from the brainstem by day 5. HSV-1 was never isolated from the blood of either group at any time. The localizations of viral replication suggest that in the mice inoculated with 1 x 10(4) PFU, HSV-1 spreads to the brainstem via the vagal nerves after replication in the myenteric plexus of the gut. In the mice given the higher dose, localizations suggest not only the above route, but also that the virus spread to the intermediolateral columns of the spinal cord after replicating in the adrenal.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Gallium-67 citrate imaging for the assessment of radiation pneumonitis.

In order to evaluate its usefulness in the assessment of radiation pneumonitis, gallium-67 citrate (67Ga) imaging was performed before and after radiation therapy (RT) on 103 patients with lung cancer. In 23 patients with radiation pneumonitis detected radiographically, abnormal 67Ga uptake in sites other than tumors was found in all post-RT 67Ga lung images. Three patterns of uptake were found: (A), focal uptake corresponding to the RT field (n = 10); (B), diffuse uptake including the RT field (n = 4), and (C), diffuse uptake outside the RT field (n = 9). The area of 67Ga uptake was consistent with that of interstitial pneumonitis as revealed histopathologically in 7 cases. 67Ga uptake in pattern (C) was an indicator of poor prognosis for the patients with radiation pneumonitis. 67Ga uptake in the patients with reversible pneumonitis disappeared with steroid therapy. Sixteen (20%) of 80 asymptomatic patients, in whose chest radiographs there was no finding of radiation pneumonitis, showed transient 67Ga uptake. These were considered to occur in the subclinical radiation pneumonitis. These data suggest that 67Ga imaging is more sensitive than chest radiography in the detection of radiation pneumonitis and is useful in the assessment of the extent and clinical course of radiation pneumonitis.

Adult↗