Biomedical subjects

M Katagiri

Publications and source records attributed to M Katagiri.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

Signal transduction mechanisms of Ia induction in B cells by interleukin 4 and immunoglobulin receptors.

Molecular mechanisms of signal transduction through receptors for interleukin 4 (IL-4) are still largely unknown. To elucidate the second messenger(s) of IL-4 action in mature B cells, we performed blocking experiments with inhibitors of various aspects of cellular responses, using Ia-inducing activity of IL-4 as a readout system. In the event, only agents that are shown to inhibit calcium ion (Ca2+) release from intracellular stores, such as 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid 8-(diethylamino)octyl ester (TMB-8) and ryanodine, could block the IL-4 action in a dose-dependent fashion. These results suggest that the process leading to the final expression of IL-4 action may be mediated, at some point, by the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. In the parallel experiments with antiimmunoglobulin (Ig) antibody, we found that amiloride, an inhibitor of Na+/H+ pump, blocks the Ia induction by anti-IgM antibody. Thus the Na+/H+ exchange system activated by anti-Ig antibody may be present in mature B cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Adrenal P-450scc catalyzes deoxycorticosterone 6 beta-hydroxylase reaction.

Purified bovine P-450scc, the cholesterol side-chain cleaving P-450 in adrenal cortex mitochondria, was found to catalyze a deoxycorticosterone 6 beta-hydroxylase reaction. A turnover number (moles of product formed/min/mol of P-450) of 12 was found similar to that for cholesterol side chain cleavage activity. Conversion was dose-dependent in terms of P-450scc and no reaction took place when any one of the required electron donating components such as NADPH, NADPH-adrenodoxin reductase, or adrenodoxin was omitted. These results confirm and extend earlier observations that 21-hydroxypregnenolone is transformed into both deoxycorticosterone and 6 beta-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone by incubation of adrenal gland slices.

Adrenal Cortex↗

PubMed1990

Iodine-131 uptake in a patient with thyroid cancer and rheumatoid arthritis during acupuncture treatment.

A patient with thyroid carcinoma had abnormal accumulation of I-131 in the areas of both feet and hands on whole body scan. The sites of abnormal accumulation of I-131 were similar to those on bone scintigraphy. The radiographic examination of the lesions showed characteristic findings of rheumatoid arthritis, and the presence of small gold needles for acupuncture treatment was demonstrated. There were no findings of bone metastases. Although the mechanism of accumulation of I-131 in this patient is unknown, interpreters of I-131 whole body scintigraphs should keep this case in mind when acupuncture treatment has been done. The authors can only speculate on a common blood flow mechanism for enhanced HMDP and I-131 uptake in this arthritic patient who had been treated by acupuncture.

Acupuncture Therapy↗

PubMed1990

Hemostasis of the thyroid carcinoma invading the skin and trachea. Conservative treatment.

In most instances, the prognosis of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma is generally favorable and adequately controlled by surgery alone. In some cases, however, in which the tumor has remained or in recurrent cases, infiltrates surrounding the skin or trachea can result in uncontrollable hemorrhage which cannot be treated with conventional medical or surgical therapy. We present our attempts at hemostatic procedures in such cases. When a thyroid cancer for which radical surgery is not indicated invades the skin with hemorrhage, we remove the ulcerated skin area with as much of underlying cancerous tissue as possible, and cover the defect skin area with a Bakamjian's deltopectoral flap or a musculocutaneous flap. In the 4 cases we have experienced, there had been no ulceration of the flap skin or recurrent. When a thyroid cancer invades the tracheal wall resulting in an intratracheal tumor accompanied by hemoptysis, we attempt to perform bronchoscopic cauterization using Nd-YAG Laser. Cauterization is repeatedly performed weekly, up to five times in one series. In all cases, radioiodine therapy is used before or after treatment. In all 4 cases we have experienced, hemostasis and shrinkage of the tumor was achieved. No complication such as ulcer formation or perforation was noted.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

[DNA sequence analysis of HLA-DQB genes associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Japanese].

Recently it has been reported that 57th amino acid of DQ beta antigen was a non-aspartic acid in the most Caucasian patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Using serological analysis, HLA-DQ antigens show a strong association with IDDM rather than the HLA-DR antigens. In the Caucasian population, IDDM is associated with DQw2 and DQw3 antigens. However, in the Japanese population, DQw4 and DQw9 antigens are strongly associated with IDDM. In order to determine the possible significance of the 57th amino acid of DQ beta chain for the susceptibility to IDDM in Japanese, we performed DNA Sequence analysis of HLA-DQB from Japanese IDDM patient, its same HLA genotyped healthy sibling and B cell line with Japanese IDDM associated haplotype. The results revealed that all of the 57th amino acid are aspartic acid which is thought to contribute to develop IDDM resistance in Caucasian. Furthermore we could not find any other amino acid sequence of DQ beta chain which might contribute to the susceptibility of the Japanese IDDM.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1990

[A rare case of airway foreign bodies complicated with flail chest following traffic accident].

A 30-year-old man was taken to the emergency room of this hospital because of chest injury following traffic accident. On arrival he was found to be dyspneic due to multiple rib fractures (flail chest) and tension pneumothorax on the left, and was intubated immediately concomitantly with a chest drainage. During the management with the respirator, he was also noticed to have continuous bleeding from the airway. The X-ray film of the chest showed a suspicion of foreign materials on the right hilar region and subsequent bronchoscopic examination revealed the presence of several fragments of a broken windshield in the bronchial trees. Nine fragments were removed bronchoscopically. Tracheal tube was extubated on the 14th day and he was discharged on the 28th day without any sequela.

Accidents, Traffic↗

PubMed1990

[A case of aorto-coronary bypass surgery in a hypophysectomized male patient].

A 53-year-old hypophysectomized male patient who had been on adjuvant therapy with cortizol and thyroxin, underwent aorto-coronary bypass surgery for angina pectoris with 3 vessel obstruction. Following revascularization surgery, he had an uneventful course until 8th post-operative day, when he experienced about of unconsciousness which was relieved by intravenous hydrocortizon supplement. Simultaneously complicated bradycardia and peripheral coldness were considered to be due to lowered serum T3 and T4 values. By the time the thyroid function stabilized, three times as much as preoperative dosage of thyroxin had to be administered for 34 days. The control of the hypothyroidism plays an important role in the postoperative management of the patient with panhypopituitarism after the cardiac surgery.

Angina Pectoris↗

PubMed1989

Alleviation of autoimmunity in BXSB mice by monoclonal alloantibody to Ly-5 (CD45).

One of the hallmarks of immunological abnormalities in mice that are prone to syndromes resembling systemic lupus erythematosus is polyclonal activation of B cells and a switch of serum immunoglobulins or autoantibodies from IgM to IgG that coincides with onset of autoimmune disease. Therefore, we investigated whether the development of autoimmunity can be alleviated in such mice by administration of monoclonal alloantibody directed against Ly-5, because this was known to reduce levels of polyclonal IgG antibody without affecting other immunoglobulin isotypes. Our results indicate that at least some forms of autoimmune disease may be effectively treated by thus reducing the concentration of IgG autoantibody in this manner.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Squamous cell carcinoma with cyst of the thyroid.

Two cases of primary squamous cell carcinoma associated with a thyroid cyst in the thyroid are described. The majority of squamous cell carcinomas reported so far have had some degree of co-existing adenocarcinoma, while the cases presented in this report had no glandular component at all. The histogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma is not clear, but at present, it is believed that most cases arise from the follicular epithelium. In our cases, in spite of an intensive examination of serially sectioned specimens, no areas of adenocarcinoma, squamous metaplasia from the follicular epithelium, or congenital squamous remnants could be found.

Aged↗

PubMed1989

A comparative evaluation of the surgical and radioiodine treatments for Graves' disease.

Radioactive iodine treatment is currently the most popular treatment modality for hyperthyroidism in many patients of the world. In Japan, however, a considerable number of patients with hyperthyroidism have undergone successful surgery. To elucidate the advantages and disadvantages of surgical and 131I treatment, the thyroid function of 66 patients from each group was compared, 5 to 8 years after treatment. None of the surgically treated patients had been reoperated upon on, whereas 12 (18 per cent) of the patients treated with 131I required 2 or more doses. The number of patients with normal ranges of serum T3, T4 and TSH values was almost identical: 33 (50 per cent) of the postoperative patients and 31 (47 per cent) of the post-irradiated patients. In the surgically treated group, there was no tendency for hypothyroidism to develop with the passage of the time. However, although the distribution of T3 and T4 in the normal control and postoperative groups showed a normal bell-shaped distribution, the post-irradiated group did not exhibit this distribution. The normal control group and the postoperative group showed positive correlations of T3 and T4 but the post-irradiated group did not (p less than 0.05). When the titers of antithyroglobulin and antimicrosomal antibodies prior to therapy were compared with those following therapy, they had decreased in 41 per cent and 76.8 per cent, respectively, of the postoperative cases, but in only 24.2 per cent and 45.5 per cent of the post-irradiated cases.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Comparative studies on microsomal NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase using a monoclonal antibody: tissue distribution, specific activity and peptide mapping.

1. In order to elucidate the molecular structure and the distribution of the enzyme in different microsomes, specific antibodies have been developed against rabbit liver NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase. 2. The monoclonal antibody (MAb B1) against rabbit liver reductase cross-reacted well with reductases from various animal species and those from various tissues of the rabbit. 3. NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase from rabbit tissues such as liver, lung, adrenal gland, kidney and polymorphonuclear leukocyte were closely related in structure and antigenic properties, in addition to having similar catalytic properties. 4. No multiple forms of the reductase in the rabbit were observed in liver nor in other tissues.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

New perspectives for diagnosis of nodular goiter by technetium-thallium subtraction scanning.

To improve the scintigraphic differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules, Tc-99m pertechnetate-Tl-201 Cl subtraction scintigraphy (Tc-Tl subtraction scanning) was performed in 106 patients with various histologically proven thyroid nodules. Results were evaluated by comparison with surgical findings and preoperative ultrasonographic results. Thyroid nodules were more successfully detected by Tc-Tl subtraction scanning than by either Tc-99m pertechnetate or Tl-201 Cl scintigraphy alone. Detection of nodules was further improved when images recorded by the three methods were integrally observed (sensitivity 83%, accuracy 89%), with detectability approaching that of ultrasonography. False-positive or -negative Tc-Tl subtraction scans were obtained principally when multiple nodules were present (7 cases) or when no discrepancy existed between the accumulations of Tc-99m pertechnetate and Tl-201 Cl (18 cases). Most colloid nodules exhibited irregular margins, heterogeneous internal accumulations of Tl-201 Cl, and distorted shapes on Tc-Tl subtraction scans, while the majority of adenoma were oval-shaped with smooth margins. Carcinoma were characterized by homogeneous internal accumulation of Tl-201 Cl and distorted shapes.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMed1989

[Case report of periodontal disease with periodic neutropenia].

A case of periodic neutropenia with specific symptoms of gingiva and alveolar bone loss in primary dentition is reported. The patient was a boy, and it was followed between the ages of 3- and 9 years-old. At the period of neutropenia he was suffered from recurrent redness, swelling and bleeding of the gingiva, and also with cold-like symptoms with fever. Although the cause of these symptoms was not definite at first, even in medical exploration, we could diagnose this disease as periodic neutropenia by the process of dental therapy. By alveolar bone resorption, pocket formation and severe tooth mobility, the patient had lost more than half of his primary teeth at the end of 2 years after the initial examination. However throughout this period we motivated and instructed the patient and his mother how to brush his teeth. His oral hygiene was improved in the mixed and permanent dentition stages. Then there was no evidence of bone resorption around the teeth of the permanent dentition stage, but recurrent gingival symptoms are continuing now. The specific feature of this case is found in the gingival findings. There was no ulceration of the oral mucosa, but a bright red jelly-like appearance was found periodically in the area of the marginal and attached gingiva. The junction between the reddened attached gingiva and the alveolar mucosa was well-defined. The serial examination of peripheral blood in this case revealed the cycle of neutropenia as 16 to 21 days. During this examination, and at the almost time of neutropenia of this patient, hyperplasia of monocytes and lymphocytes occurred. In this situation there was no clinical signs except for gingival redness. However at other times, generally marked signs were recurrent. This may have occurred due to the lack of both neutrophils and monocytes. From the above results we think that periodic neutropenia may be diagnosed first in the dental clinic by the distinctive redness in the gingival area as one specific sign of this disease. We also think that plaque control procedures may retain the teeth.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗

PubMed1989

[Dental anthropological study of the Central American Indians].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dento-craniofacial morphology and the occlusal characteristics in the Central American Indians from the dental-anthropological point of view. The sample consisted of cephalograms, pantomograms, dental casts, photos and records (anthropometric measurements and oral examinations) which were taken from 210 modern Central American Indians and 212 ancient Central American Indians. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Craniofacial morphology: The modern Central American Indians showed; (1) smaller facial height and shorter depth of the cranial base and jaws than those of the Caucasians. (2) posterior position of peri-orbital structures, and smaller values of anterior facial height in comparison with the Japanese, which were similar to the Peruvian Indians. (3) shorter depth of the jaws and prominence of the chin than the ancient Central American Indians. 2. Dental arch form and tooth size: The modern Central American Indians had; (1) wider dental arches than the Caucasians, while sharing similar values with the Peruvian Indians and the Japanese. (2) smaller incisors, larger premolars and molars in the mesio-distal crown diameter compared with the Caucasians. (3) smaller teeth in the mesio-distal crown diameter than the ancient Central American Indians. 3. Occlusal conditions: The modern Central American Indians showed a good mesio-distal relationship between the upper and lower first molars in 70 percent.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

[Measurement of small quantities of alpha 2-macroglobulin in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by enzyme-labelled immunoassay, and its clinical implication in pulmonary disease].

We established an enzyme labelled immunoassay for the determination of alpha 2 macroglobulin (alpha 2M). The assay range was from 2 to 140 ng/ml and the within-assay coefficient of variation (CV) were 5.2% at 31.2 ng/ml and 6.4% at 62.5 ng/ml. Between-day CV ranged from 6.9% to 15.4%. Using this method, alpha 2 M was determined in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from patients with interstitial lung diseases. Those diseases were active and inactive sarcoidosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF, including collagen disease). We divided the IPF patients into two groups, 'acute type' and 'chronic type', judging from the prognosis. alpha 2 M/Albumin ratio in BALF in the active sarcoidosis and acute type IPF groups is significantly higher than that in the inactive sarcoidosis and chronic type IPF. These findings suggest that alpha 2 M in BALF can be a sensitive marker of the interstitial lung disease.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗

PubMed1989

The thallium-201 time activity curve in thyroid cancer: a role for the detection of metastases.

The Tl-201 Cl time activity curves were evaluated in 17 patients with histologically proven benign nodules and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland. In the dynamic studies, the uptake at the region of interest was counted every 10 sec for 20 min after the intravenous injection of 2mCi Tl-201 Cl. The curves from frame 21 to 100 were transformed to linear plots for clinical evaluation. Papillary carcinoma could not be differentiated from benign lesions by means of the values of the washout rate. However, the "relative washout rate" in papillary carcinoma was lower than that of benign lesions (P less than 0.05). Although the average values of the "relative extrapolated uptake" in papillary carcinoma appeared to be greater than those in benign lesions, the difference was not statistically significant. The difference in the washout rates between lymph node metastases and local recurrences, and pulmonary metastases of the papillary carcinoma was significant (P less than 0.05).

Adenoma↗

PubMed1989

[Dental implants. History and tissue reactions of implants].

Dental implant (oral implant) is totally based on dentistry and the progress in its technology. On this occasion, dental implant are described from the standpoints of experimental pathology and clinical pathology. Demands for improved dental technology have brought significant developments in the dental implant field. Based upon the latest general implant technology, improvements in dental implant technology have primarily taken the form of better materials and designs historically. The object of these developments has been to provide the patients with restored teeth whose structure and function are asymptotically close to those of natural teeth while enhancing recovery of the occlusion function and improving aesthetic quality by means of applying technique of oral surgery (including periodontics) and prosthodontics. The basic structure of the dental implant consists of the substructure buried in the jaw bone, the junction, and the superstructure projected into the oral cavity. These three items correspond respectively to the root, the neck, and the crown of a natural tooth. However, neither the structure nor the function of such an implant body can be identical to those of a natural standing tooth. Physiologic metabolism, which is present in the latter, does not exist in the former. Therefore, it should always be remembered that even modern technology and materials can not reproduce the oral conditions identical to those produced by physiologic tissue and functions which are subject to chronological change. We should bear in mind that this system, unlike those made up by inter-material relations or inter-organic relations is made of an artificial structure, functions apart from the natural organs, and serves only as a substitute. Certain inherently unstable factors are inevitable. For example, radiographic findings confirm that V-shaped radiolucency by bone resorption in the alveolar bone surrounding the tooth neck is always more extensive than in the case of natural teeth. First study: Histopathological Studies of Tissue Reaction for Implant Materials(Fig. 4-10). This study is a basic experiment to help the development of implant materials used in repairing extraction wounds of teeth and bone defects. It is desirable that the materials should be preservable, easy to process, and with high histocompatibility. Examined materials are DCFF or non-DCFF treated bone matrices (grafts) of rats and human, and single crystal ceramics (Al2O3). DCFF treatment is a procedure of decalcifying, defatting and freeze-drying bones and ligaments of animals after fixation in formalin for immunological tolerance (M. KATAGIRI got a patent for this invention in America, West Germany and Japan, Table 1).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aluminum Oxide↗

PubMed1989

[Clinical study of gingival hyperplasia in epilepsy patient].

Diphenylhydantoin, which was first introduced in clinic by Meritt and Putnam in 1938, has been in wide use for the treatment of epilepsy because of its excellent antispasmodic action. On the other hand, Diphenylhydantoin induced gingival hyperplasia has been examined by many authors in the dental field since gingival hyperplasia was reported by Kimball as its side effect. Recently, we had an opportunity for performing gingivectomy on hypertrophic gingivitis in an epileptic with mental retardation and visual disturbance, on Phenytoin (5,5-Diphenylhydantoin) medication. Some information obtained is reported, together with its therapeutic course.

Adult↗