Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the thyroid is thought to be rare. However, SCC not infrequently occurs in conjunction with other histologic types of tumor. We reviewed 67 thyroid cancer autopsy cases obtained from two institutions from 1969 to 1981 and from 1975 to 1992, respectively. SCC was found in 19 cases (28.4%): 2 SCCs as the only malignancy and of uniform histologic type, 9 cases of tumors mixed with papillary carcinoma, and 8 cases of SCC mixed with papillary and anaplastic carcinomas. In only four of these cases was the SCC component found in the surgical specimens. These results indicate that the presence of SCC component is more likely to be found at the later stage of the disease.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigens in parathyroid glands of renal hyperparathyroidism.

Total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation of a small piece of the resected hyperplastic gland is currently the usual surgical procedure for renal hyperparathyroidism in Japan. Empirically, the smallest glands showing diffuse growth are selected for the graft. In order to seek the rationale for this procedure, we examined 50 cases of both nodular and diffuse hyperplastic parathyroid glands and five cases of recurrent grafted tissues histologically and immunohistochemically with anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibody. The proliferative activity of the glands growing in diffuse fashion was much lower than that of those growing in nodular fashion (p < 0.05). All the parathyroid glands selected for grafting in the recurrent cases showed nodular growth. No relation was revealed between PCNA expression and the size of the glands, or between the former and the type of cell components (chief and oxyphilic cells). In nodular lesions, immunopositive cells were frequently distributed near the thick fibrous capsule. From these results, we conclude that parathyroid glands showing a diffuse growth pattern are indeed suitable for the graft. When only a nodular hyperplastic parathyroid gland is available, it is suggested that the central portion of the nodule may provide a better source for the graft with little change of recurrence.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Determination of vertebral bone mineral density with new dual energy X-ray absorptiometry using multiple detectors: fundamental studies.

Fundamental studies on the ability of a newly developed 90-detector dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) system with a fan beam, the DCS-3000, to determine bone mineral density (BMD) were performed. This new system not only measured BMD precisely, resulting in a fast scan mode in CV of 0.89% and 1.63% for in vitro and in vivo studies, respectively, but also performed data acquisition in a greatly reduced examination time (24 sec). Furthermore, when a rod phantom was used, the linear regression equation obtained between BMD quantified with the QDR-1000 (x) and that quantified with the DCS-3000 (y) was y = 1.250x-0.242. In both healthy subjects and osteoporotic patients, significant positive correlations were obtained between radial BMD and vertebral BMD measured with the QDR-1000 and with the DCS-3000. The correlation for radial BMD was r = 0.533 (p less than 0.001, N = 76), and that for vertebral BMD was r = 0.985 (p less than 0.001, N = 56). Therefore, in addition to safety of operation, the performance of the DCS-3000 was considered to be equal to that of commercially available DEXA systems, indicating that it should be useful in the detection of vertebral bone loss.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Right hemothorax: an unusual presentation of ruptured aortic dissection.

This report presents the case of a 55-year-old male with rupture of a descending thoracic aortic dissection into the right hemithorax who successfully underwent prosthetic graft replacement of the involved segment of the aorta through left thoracotomy.

Aortic Dissection↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Surgery for an isolated aneurysm of the internal iliac artery. Report of three cases.

Three cases of isolated internal iliac artery aneurysm are reported. The patients, aged 89, 79, and 61, were all males. All three aneurysms were on the left side, and two of them had ruptured. Arterial reconstruction was performed in all three cases. Prompt diagnosis by computed tomography followed by an early operation is recommended for this extremely rare and often fatal lesion.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Survival following outlet strut fracture of a Björk-Shiley mitral prosthesis. Report of two cases.

Late outlet strut fracture occurred in two patients with the 27 mm Björk-Shiley 60 degrees Convexo-Concave mitral prosthesis. Both patients exhibited symptoms that appeared to precede strut fracture and both survived reoperation.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Salivary secretion and histopathological effects after single administration of the muscarinic agonist SNI-2011 in MRL/lpr mice.

The salivary secretion and the histopathological effects after administration of a single dose of cis-2-methylspiro (1,3-oxathiolane-5,3') quinuclidine hydrochloride hemihydrate (SNI-2011) were monitored in adult, male and female MRL/lpr mice, C57BL/6J mice and ICR mice. SNI-2011 (1-10 mg/kg, i.p.), dose-dependently increased the secretion of saliva in MRL/lpr mice. The flow rate decreased gradually over the course of 60 min. The total volume of saliva, secreted in response to SNI-2011, was significantly higher in male than in female MRL/lpr mice, but there was no significant difference in this parameter between male and female C57BL/6J and ICR mice. Degeneration, apparent as atrophy and necrosis of serous cells in MRL/lpr mice, was reversed by treatment with SNI-2011 (3 and 6 mg/kg). These results suggest that SNI-2011 could be useful in the treatment of xerostomia in patients with Sjögren's syndrome.

Animals↗