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Biomedical subjects

M Karl

Publications and source records attributed to M Karl.

53 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Infective endocarditis.

Despite major changes in the epidemiology, microbiology, and prognosis over the last 50 years, the diagnosis of infective endocarditis is still difficult, and serious complications including death are not uncommon. Prosthetic and right-sided valvular infections are more common and require longer periods of vigorous antimicrobial therapy than in the past. An effective short-course antibiotic regimen has been designed for sensitive microorganisms, and protocols have been established for culture-negative cases (15 percent) and empiric situations. Finally, cardiac surgery should be considered as an important modality, especially in cases of congestive heart failure.

Endocarditis↗
PubMed1986

Extensive deletions in the Q region of the mouse major histocompatibility complex.

By use of Southern blot analyses and low copy number probes, the fine structure of the Q region of the mouse major histocompatibility complex was studied in more detail. With a probe recognizing the even-numbered genes Q4, Q6, and Q8, it was evident that Q4 and/or the regions flanking Q4 are polymorphic, whereas Q6 and Q8, and their flanking regions are nonpolymorphic. Perhaps the most noteworthy finding is that at least two strain haplotypes, H-2k and H-2f, possessed extensive deletions in the Q region. The most striking deletion was found in the H-2f haplotype, where the Q1 through Q9 genes appear to be missing. Because of these extensive deletions the functional importance of the Q region is questioned.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Large hypopharyngeal polyp producing intermittent dysphagia and acute airway obstruction.

A 65-yr-old man who developed sudden respiratory arrest was found to have a long, smooth, esophageal filling defect on esophagogram. Endoscopy eventually proved this to be a large esophageal polypoid lesion that had arisen in the hypopharynx and extended to the midesophagus. He was successfully treated with a lateral pharyngotomy and excision of the hypopharyngeal polyp.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Human transfer factor. I. Production by the great pool technic and the biochemical and immunological characteristics of the preparation].

A great pool procedure for producing human transfer factor preparations from buffy-coats of stored whole blood which has not been used up till now is described. From an initial tool size of about 1,500 units of whole blood the procedure represented makes it possible to gain higher amounts of uniform and in their immunological efficacy in vitro standardizable preparations for controlled long-term therapy studies. By means of various immunological in vitro tests, stimulating as well as suppressing activities of the charges obtained could be identified. Starting from the differentiated immunological effects of various charges of the transfer factor on T-cell populations in vitro, the possibility of influencing T-cell subpopulations through well-conceived therapeutic measures by a transfer factor is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Human transfer factor. II. Clinical results with the large pool transfer factor].

21 patients with diseases due to immunological causes were treated 6 times at an interval of four weeks by administering 5 E TF or 1 E TF each per 10 kg of body weight. TF consisted of 5 different large pool TF charges of 420 to 822 buffy-coats of fresh stored whole blood. Clinical and immunological investigations as well as biochemical ones in the laboratory were made before and after treatment. Large pool TF is clinically effective in 9 from 18 patients and immunologically in 16 from 18 patients. There is a greater effect in immunodeficiencies than in autoimmune diseases. TF is not able to remove the defect for a long time. Repeated administrations are required. TF therapy may be regarded as a substitution therapy. At first, the intervals have to be chosen according to clinical parameters (recidive of the disease or crisis respectively). There is a good compatibility of TF. Side-effects could not be observed. The frequent immunological conversions after score evaluation indicate, however, that in comparison to the clinical appearance the course of the disease must be seen to be much more complex than it can be expressed by in vitro correlates of immunological responses. Statistically ensured correlations of single tests concerning the clinical course could also not be found. Large pool TF provides favourable conditions for controlled therapy trials in order to elucidate those findings of therapy which hitherto had been a subject of controversy (e.g. autoimmune diseases, tumours).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Syngeneic tumor immunizations produce Qa antibodies. Discovery of a new Qa antigen, Qa-6.

BALB/cBy (Qa-2-) mice injected with the syngeneic tumor, ORA I-a (Qa-2+), produced antibodies to Qa-2 and a newly discovered antigen, Qa-6. Specific antisera against Qa-6, in the presence of complement, lyses approximately 40% of lymph-node lymphocytes and splenocytes. Strain distribution analyses indicate that Qa-6 is specified by a gene within the TL subregion of the major histocompatibility complex. Thus, Qa-6 is the third member of the Qa/TL subset of cell surface antigens which is anomalously expressed on certain tumor cells. This finding suggests that the Qa and TL molecules may have a unique, functional role on the cell surface.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Supramolecular relationships of membrane antigens on the murine thymocyte.

The topographical relationships of Thy-1, Ly-1, Ly-2, and T200 were examined on the murine thymocyte. The inhibition of the binding of radiolabelled monoclonal antibody after incubation with unlabelled heterologous antibody was used as a measure of the proximity of the target antigens on the cell surface. On unfixed cells, prior incubation with anti-Thy-1.2 impeded the attachment of labelled anti-Ly-1, anti-Ly-2, and anti-T200. Anti-T200, but not anti-Ly-1, or anti-Ly-2, was capable of impeding the attachment of labelled anti-Thy-1.2 on unfixed cells. In general, gentle fixation with paraformaldehyde did not alter these inter-relationships. The possible functional contributions of such supramolecular relationships are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[The antigen structure of human serum transferrin].

By means of enzymatic fragmentation the transferrin molecule was definitely divided up into fragments which were investigated immunochemically after their column-chromatographic isolation. Papain, pepsin, ficin, and bromelin were used as proteolytic enzymes. Immunoelectrophoresis and various procedures of immunodiffusion were used for characterizing the antigen structure of transferrin fragments in an immunochemical way. The antisera required were obtained by immunizing animals (horses, sheep, goats, rabbits) according to different procedures. It was possible to divide up transferrin into 4 defined fragments, with the antigen structure being divided into three separate groups (A, B, C). The antigen structure of human transferrin consists of at least 6 different antigen determinants designated as a1, b1, b2, b3, b4, and c1 in accordance with their being included in the corresponding antigen determinant group. An interior antigen determinant (bi) could be proved in the bromelin transferrin fragment II. An attempt was made to develop a model of transferrin molecule on the basis of the findings achieved.

Epitopes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of nutritional status on absorption kinetics of vitamin E in mucoviscidosis].

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency with varying severity must be anticipated in 85-95% of CF patients. It leads to fat maldigestion and malabsorption of the liposoluble vitamins - A, D, E, K - and fecal loss of fat. In general, supplementation with fat-soluble vitamins is recommended in CF patients. In this study an oral vitamin E tolerance test (100 mg/kg bodyweight) was performed in 5 healthy adult volunteers to elaborate a vitamin E absorption kinetics and additionally in CF patients on medication with pancreatic enzymes to evaluate the absorption of vitamin E. 19 CF patients (ages 4 to 19 years) were studied after cessation of any additional vitamin E supplementation for 7 days. Vitamin E serum concentrations were sampled over a 72 hour period. Serum vitamin E determinations were performed with a HPLC-fluorescence technique. The kinetics of Vitamin E in healthy volunteers can be described with an open 2 compartment model. CF patients revealed consistently an altered kinetics of absorption of vitamin E, which was not compatible with this model. Baseline (c*) and maximal serum concentrations (cmax) of vitamin E as well as the area outer the oral absorption curve (AUC) correlated with the nutritional status expressed by bodyweight percentiles in CF patients. The results of this study show that in normal weight CF patients on pancreatic enzymes medication vitamin E depletion is unlikely.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical and immunologic results of immunotherapy with pooled buffy coat transfusions in females with habitual abortion].

In a multicenter study we have evaluated the effect of immunotherapy with pooled buffy coats on women with habitual abortions. 21 women were selected under the same criteria with respect to clinical, immunological and blood banking conditions. All women have had at least two miscarriages with the same partner and no living child (except one case). Additionally, all well-known reasons for abortions were excluded. The couples were tested for HLA-A, B and C antigens as well as for the presence of HLA-antibodies. The couples with recurrent spontaneous abortions suggested a significantly higher compatibility in two or more antigens in comparison to the control couples with children and without any abortion. Before treatment there was no case with cytotoxic HLA antibodies. 10 women received each two pooled buffy coats intravenously before pregnancy at time intervals of 3 weeks. 15 women were treated in early pregnancy until the 28th week of gestation at the same application intervals. In the meantime 10 of 15 women have delivered at term a healthy and mature child with normal weight. Four of 15 are still pregnant in the third trimester of pregnancy. In one case the pregnancy resulted in an abortion. The buffy coat transfusions were well tolerated and led in no case to the formation of antierythrocytic antibodies. 12 of 21 women treated developed HLA antibodies at various time intervals during immunotherapy, mainly with a low titre. In 7 of 10 cases the antibodies occurred in the treatment period before pregnancy, in 5 of 15 cases during pregnancy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abortion, Habitual↗