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Biomedical subjects

M Kanai

Publications and source records attributed to M Kanai.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Purification and partial characterization of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein from human placenta.

Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein (CRABP) has been purified to homogeneity from human placenta by a series of procedures, including acetone powder extraction, gel filtration on Sephadex G-50, and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and on SP-Sephadex. Cellular retinol-binding protein (CRBP) was isolated concurrently. CRABP was purified 75,400-fold, based on total soluble acetone powder extract of placenta. The protein is a single polypeptide chain with a molecular mass of 14,600 Da, estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gel electrophoresis or gel filtration, and has an isoelectric point of 4.78 (apo-CRABP, 4.82). On analysis of absorption and fluorescence spectra, the protein was seen to exhibit an absorption peak at 350 nm, fluorescence excitation maxima at 350 and 370 nm, and a fluorescence emission maximum at 475 nm. Human CRABP was immunologically distinct from human CRBP and serum retinol-binding protein.

Carrier Proteins↗
PubMed1987

Presence of antideoxyribonucleic acid antibody in patients with hyperthyroidism of Graves' disease.

In 16 untreated patients with hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease, serum antidouble stranded DNA antibody, measured by RIA, was positive (greater than 20 U/ml) in 14. In methimazole-treated patients with T3-suppressible thyroid uptake, anti-DNA antibody was found in 9% (3 of 35). The frequency of positive tests in methimazole-treated patients with T3-nonsuppressible thyroid uptake and in surgically treated patients was 24% (5 of 21) and 57% (4 of 7), respectively. Among anti-DNA antibody-negative (less than 9 U/ml) and weakly positive (10-19 U/ml) patients, those with T3-suppressible thyroid uptake had lower anti-DNA antibody titers than those with T3-nonsuppressible thyroid uptake. Among 32 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, anti-DNA antibody was positive in 7. None of the patients with simple goiter had positive or weakly positive anti-DNA antibody results. Although the quantity of antibodies did not correlate well in individual patients, the rates of positive TSH binding-inhibiting immunoglobulin and anti-DNA antibody tests were roughly comparable in these patient groups. None of these patients with thyroid disease associated with anti-DNA antibody had clinical or other serological evidence suggestive of systemic lupus erythematosus or related collagen vascular disorders. The finding of anti-DNA antibody provides a new aspect of immunological abnormality associated with hyperthyroidism of Graves' disease.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical and experimental studies on the formation of calcium bilirubinate gallstones].

We identified the bacteria in the bile and measured the activity of bacterial beta-glucuronidase and analyzed the percentage of bilirubin glucuronide and unconjugated bilirubin by high performance liquid chromatography in the bile of human biliary stone disease. The percentage of positive bacterial infection in the bile are 72.0% with calcium bilirubinate gallstone, and 42.3% with cholesterol gallstone. The activity of beta-Glucuronidase (U/dl.hr.) was significantly higher in the bile of calcium bilirubinate gallstone than that of cholesterol gallstone (7013 +/- 5113 vs 3338 +/- 2615, mean +/- S.D.). Also, the percentage of unconjugated bilirubin (IX alpha) of the bile was significantly higher in calcium bilirubinate gallstone than in cholesterol gallstone (5.7 +/- 4.7% vs 2.6 +/- 2.0%, mean +/- S.D.). The beta-Glucuronidase activity of bacteria was as follows; E. coli 18752, K. pneumoniae 333, E.cloacae 124, S.faecalis 324, and B.fragilis 983. After 60 minutes' incubation at 37 degrees C of normal bile with E.coli, the percentage of unconjugated bilirubin (IX alpha) increased from 1.1% to 9.1%. Whereas, the other four bacteria did not increase the unconjugated bilirubin at all. We confirmed that the increase of unconjugated bilirubin caused by the high bacterial beta-Glucuronidase activity was the most important factor in the formation of calcium bilirubinate gallstone.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1986

Immunohistochemical localization of plasma retinol-binding protein and prealbumin in human pancreatic islets.

This study was undertaken, employing the immunoenzyme method, to confirm the presence of retinol-binding protein in human pancreatic islets, and to compare its distribution with that of prealbumin, insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide. It was found that most islet cells contained retinol-binding protein, although centrally located cells showed stronger reactivity than those in the peripheral region. The distribution of each of the five polypeptides differed from that of retinol-binding protein, indicating that these peptides did not cross-react with anti-retinol-binding protein antibody. Islet cells which contained prealbumin, on the other hand, were mostly classified as A cells. Further studies are necessary to confirm whether the islet cells produce retinol-binding protein or only store it.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Significance of IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen for the differential diagnosis of acute and chronic hepatitis B virus infection and for the evaluation of the inflammatory activity of type B chronic liver diseases.

IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) was assayed using a commercial kit in acute and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and evaluated for its diagnostic and clinical significance. IgM anti-HBc was positive in all of 21 cases with type B acute hepatitis in the acute phase, and was also detected in 5 of 20 cases with type B chronic persistent hepatitis, in 4 of 20 patients with type B chronic active hepatitis and in one of 10 with type B liver cirrhosis. The absence of this marker was noted in all of 20 asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers and in 50 with HBsAg-negative patients with liver disease and in 200 healthy blood donors. The cut-off index of IgM anti-HBc was greater than 2.0 in all serum samples obtained in the acute phase of type B acute hepatitis, but was below 2.0 in type B chronic liver disease. A close relationship was found between the presence of IgM anti-HBc and the degree of inflammatory activity in patients with HBsAg-positive chronic liver disease. These data show that examination of IgM anti-HBc is useful in distingushing type B acute hepatitis from type B chronic liver disease, and also in evaluating the severity of disease in type B chronic liver disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Cellular FITC-linked immunospecific assay (cell-FLISA) for detection of monoclonal antibodies against cell-surface antigens.

A cellular fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-linked immunospecific assay (Cell-FLISA) has been established using the recently developed fluorophotometer for microplates. In the Cell-FLISA system, monoclonal antibodies specific for the surface antigens of live cells are detected by measuring the fluorescence intensity of an FITC-labeled second antibody: goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin antibody. It takes only 2 min to count 96 samples in microplate wells using the fluorophotometer for microplates. Moreover, by this system, the analysis is finished within 2 hr. Thus, the Cell-FLISA system has advantages in screening a large number of samples, such as hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies against cell-surface antigens.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Three cases of lung cancer with bulla].

We present three cases of lung cancer with bulla, which were preoperatively detected by TBLB or brushing cytology. Case 1:55 year-old man. Large-cell carcinoma of the right upper lobe. A giant bulla had been observed eight years earlier. The carcinoma protruded into the bulla just like a pedunculated polyp. Case 2: 67-year-old woman. Adenocarcinoma with severe fibrosis adjoined to the bulla of the right upper lobe. Case 3: 63-year-old man. Adenocarcinoma surrounding the central margin of the subpleural giant bula of the right lower lobe. We also discussed the clinical and pathological problems of lung cancer with bullous disease.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1985

Enhancement of RNA synthesis in chick liver by food intake: possible role of high mobility group nonhistone proteins.

RNA synthesis in the nuclei of liver from newly hatched (4-d-old) chicks is enhanced by intake of food. The enhanced synthesis was ascribed not to an increase in the activity of solubilized DNA-dependent RNA polymerase but to an increase in the initiation of RNA synthesis. Enhanced RNA synthesis in fed chicks was accompanied by greater susceptibility of nuclei to digestion by micrococcal nuclease. Salt extraction abolished the difference in nuclease sensitivity between the fed and fasted groups. Reconstitution with either 0.35 M NaCl extracts or high mobility group (HMG) nonhistone proteins restored digestion susceptibility, but changing the source of extracted proteins did not equalize the extent of digestion in nuclei from livers of fed and fasted chicks. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of HMG proteins revealed the presence of HMGs 1 and 2 as well as a 38,000-dalton protein. The nuclear HMG protein content in fed chicks was greater than that of fasted chicks (121 +/- 17 micrograms/mg DNA vs. 31 +/- 12 micrograms/mg DNA). The electron microscopic examination of hepatocyte nuclei revealed the enlargment of nucleoli and scarcity of aggregated heterochromatin structures in the fed chicks as compared with the fasted chicks. These morphological features are compatible with the high transcriptional activity in liver of fed chicks.

Animals↗