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Biomedical subjects

M Kamal

Publications and source records attributed to M Kamal.

69 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Physiochemical characterization of human histamine-induced suppressor factor.

A product of histamine-stimulated human lymphocytes, histamine-induced suppressor factor or HSF, was characterized by enzyme treatment, sensitivity to reduction and alkylation, by molecular sieve chromatography, and by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. HSF was found to have a wide pH stability (pH 3-10), sensitivity to temperatures greater than 80 degrees C, and to have the properties of a glycoprotein by virtue of its sensitivity to chymotrypsin, trypsin, sodium periodate, and neuraminidase. HSF did not appear to have a serine group(s) in its "active" site since its biologic activity remained intact following treatment with an irreversible serine esterase inhibitor (phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride). Further, HSF did not appear to have inter- or intra-molecular disulfide linkages because treatment with denaturing and/or reducing agents, followed by alkylation, did not significantly alter its activity. Molecular sieve chromatography employing Sephadex G-100 revealed an apparent molecular weight for HSF of 25-40,000. Electrophoresis of HSF in polyacrylamide gels at pH 8.7 under nonreducing conditions revealed two regions of activity, one region migrating with albumin and the other region anodal to albumin. In addition to suppressing lymphocyte proliferation, the 25-40,000 Mr Sephadex G-100 fractions also inhibited the production of leukocyte inhibitory factor. Of particular interest, gel filtration of supernatants generated by stimulating mononuclear cells with either histamine, dimaprit (but not 2-pyridylethylamine), concanavalin A, or candida albicans resulted in similar elution profiles with regard to inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation. That is, 25-40,000 Mr fractions of supernatants generated by each stimulant suppressed lymphocyte proliferation to a similar degree. The latter findings provide indirect evidence that T lymphocytes, triggered in response to antigen-specific and nonspecific stimuli, elaborate suppressor molecules capable of modulating T-cell function that share certain similarities.

Glycoproteins↗
PubMed1979

Fate of 2,5,4'-trichlorobiphenyl in rats.

1. Following the administration of daily oral doses (1 mg/kg) of 2,5,4'-trichloro-[14C]biphenyl to rats for 14 days, the compound was rapidly excreted, only small amounts (3--4%) being stored in the organs. 2. The majority of the biphenyl was metabolized (greater than 85%) and the major metabolites excreted were identified as hydroxy-, dechloro- and conjugated derivatives.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Contributions to ecological chemistry, CXIV1. Fate of 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl-14C in rats upon long-term feeding.

Each of five male and five female rats was orally dosed with 49.2 mug 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl-14C daily for 42 days. After 36 days, the radioactivity in the body reached a plateau level, and male rats had excreted 84.5% of the applied radioactivity, females 87.9%; the residues in most organs were below 0.2 mg/kg. The daily excreted radioactivity after 50 days had decreased to 0.7% (males) and 0.5% (females) of the daily dose; the total excretion was then 86.2% (males) and 89.4% (females) of the total applied dose, and the organs contained less than 0.1 mg/kg. More than 90% of the radioactivity in the excreta was due to metabolites (one monomethoxy-, three monohydroxy-, three dihydroxy-, one trihydroxy-2, 2' -dichlorobiphenyl, conjugates, and a dechlorinated derivative).

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Abdominal tuberculosis in Cairo, Egypt.

Twenty-two abdominal tuberculosis patients seen at Abbassia Fever Hospital in Cairo, Egypt from January 1990 to August 1992 are described; their mean age was 21.5 years, range 9-54 years; 17 were female. Common symptoms were fever, malaise, abdominal pain (64%) and weight loss (82%). Chest X-rays were normal in 14 patients (64%), but ultrasonography/computerized tomography of the abdomen was abnormal in 20 patients (91%), with adenopathy the usual finding. Anaemia and a raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate were present in all patients, and purified protein derivative skin test (5 Tu) was positive in 82%. Predominant abnormal physical findings were abdominal (86%), including hepatomegaly/splenomegaly and abdominal mass. Diagnosis was made from biopsy material (caseating granulomas) in 6 patients by laparotomy, 1 by laparoscopy, and 3 by cervical or supraclavicular node biopsy; and from laboratory examination of excretions in only 4 patients (acid-fast bacilli in stools of 2, mycobacteria in urine and menstrual fluid). Eight patients required presumptive diagnosis after response to specific isoniazid (+ethambutol) antituberculous therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The use and limitations of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of liver morbidity attributable to Schistosoma mansoni infection in community-based surveys.

UNLABELLED: The objective of this population-based study was to estimate the liver morbidity attributable to Schistosoma mansoni infection by ultrasonography adopting the proposed standard protocols of the Cairo Meeting on Ultrasonography, 1991. We examined 2384 individuals representing 20% of the households of the rural population of the Ismailia Governorate, East of Delta, Egypt. Prevalence of S. mansoni and S. haematobium infections were 40.3% and 1.7% respectively. Portal tract thickening (PTT) grade 1, 2 and 3 considered diagnostic of schistosomal liver morbidity was detected in 35.1%, 1.3 and 0.2 individuals respectively. Generally, ultrasonographically-detected pathological changes increased with age, but correlated with intensity of infection only in age group 20-59 years. Comparing individuals with and without S. mansoni infections in an endemic and a non-endemic community indicated no significant difference between the former and the latter in either case. IN CONCLUSION: ultrasonography had a limited value in estimating schistosomal liver morbidity in our population-based study where early grades of liver morbidly were prevalent. The criteria of diagnosing grade I portal fibrosis need to be revised as well as the staging system proposed by the Cairo Meeting on ultrasonography in schistosomiasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cholestatic jaundice during infancy: experience at a tertiary-care center in Bangladesh.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Cholestatic jaundice in early infancy is a difficult diagnostic problem. Early diagnosis is important for proper management. This retrospective study was conducted to find out the etiology and clinical profile of neonatal cholestatic disorders in Bangladesh. SETTING: Tertiary-care hospital in a developing country. METHODS: Clinical profile and cause of cholestatic illness were studied in 62 infants with cholestatic jaundice developing before three months of age and persisting for more than two weeks. RESULTS: Neonatal hepatitis (22; 35.5%--17 with TORCH, 5 with urinary infection), followed by biliary atresia (16; 25.8%) and idiopathic neonatal hepatitis (15; 24.2%), were the commonest causes of cholestasis. Mean age at presentation was 3.5 months. Ten (62.5%) of 16 biliary atresia cases were male and jaundice appeared before 14 days in 14 (87.5%) cases. CONCLUSIONS: Neonatal hepatitis, biliary atresia and idiopathic neonatal hepatitis were the common causes of neonatal cholestasis in infancy. Though cholestatic jaundice developed early, most of the cases presented late.

Bangladesh↗