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Biomedical subjects

M Kamada

Publications and source records attributed to M Kamada.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Electropherotypes, serotypes, and subgroups of equine rotaviruses isolated in Japan.

Electropherotypes (ET), serotypes, and subgroups of equine rotaviruses isolated from foals in Japan were determined. The ETs of 136 isolates from 1981 through to 1991 were divided into six groups: ET-A-ET-F. The ET-A, -B, -C, -D, -E, and -F were present in 3, 1, 121, 9, 1, and 1 strains, respectively. Representative viruses of ET-A, -B, -C, and -D were identified as serotype G3. Viruses of ET-E and -F were identified as serotypes G 10 and G 5, respectively. The four representative viruses of serotype G 3 did not belong to either subgroup I or II. The two viruses of serotypes G 5 and G 10 belonged to subgroup I. Serotype G 3 strains possessing ET-C were prevalent among the foals throughout the study period.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Immunosuppressive 30-kDa protein in urine of pregnant women and patients with trophoblastic diseases.

Urine samples obtained from normal pregnant women and patients with trophoblastic diseases contain 30-kDa protein that suppresses phytohemagglutinin-induced T cell proliferation. The immunosuppressive protein was measured by a newly developed radioimmunoassay. The 30-kDa protein was demonstrated in almost all urine samples examined, fluid from hydatid vesicles and chorionic extracts, but not in any serum samples except at low levels in some sera from patients with choriocarcinoma. During pregnancy, the level of urinary 30-kDa protein was higher in the first (1625.5 +/- 1212.0 ng/ml, mean +/- S.D.) and second (1457.4 +/- 1332.4 ng/ml) trimesters than in the third trimester (460.6 +/- 419.0 ng/ml). The urinary 30-kDa protein/hCG ratios in patients with choriocarcinoma (8.3 +/- 10.9) were significantly higher than those in patients with hydatidiform mole (0.67 +/- 1.00, P < 0.01) and in all trimesters than those of normal pregnant women (0.54 +/- 0.44 in first trimester, P < 0.05; 0.63 +/- 0.46 in the second trimester, P < 0.05; 0.24 +/- 0.17 in the third trimester, P < 0.01). There is no significant difference between the ratios in hydatidiform mole and normal pregnancy. These findings and the fast disappearance of the 30-kDa protein from the circulation suggest that the 30-kDa protein plays a part in proliferation of trophoblastic cells in, or their invasion into the host by locally suppressing the immune reaction of the host and that the increase in the urinary 30-kDa protein level, in cases of choriocarcinoma, may be due to the malignant transformation of trophoblastic cells resulting in their rapid invasion.

Female↗
PubMed1993

The complete nucleotide sequence of African horsesickness virus serotype 4 (vaccine strain) segment 4, which encodes the minor core protein VP4.

The complete sequence of RNA segment 4 of African horsesickness virus serotype 4 (AHSV-4) vaccine strain was determined from the full-length cDNA clone inserted into pBR322. The RNA is 1978 bp long (M(r) 1.27 x 10(6)) and contains an open reading frame encoding a protein of 642 amino acids (M(r) 75826) with a net charge of +10 at neutral pH. The 5' and 3' termini of AHSV-4 segment 4,5'GTTTAT... and ...CCTTAC3', were different from orbivirus characteristic terminal sequences, being 5'GTTAAA... and ...ACTTAC3'. A comparison of the sequence of AHSV-4 segment 4 with that of bluetongue virus (BTV) serotype 10 revealed 55.4% nucleotide similarity and 48.5% amino acid similarity. In addition, Northern blot hybridization showed that the full-length AHSV-4 segment 4 cDNA cross-hybridized well with the corresponding genes of serotype 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7 but slightly with serotype 5, 6 and 8 of attenuated AHSV.

African Horse Sickness Virus↗
PubMed1993

Complement-dependent serum neutralization with virulent and avirulent Bucyrus strains of equine arteritis virus.

Virulent and avirulent strains of Bucyrus equine arteritis virus (EAV) were used to raise antiserum in horses. Serum neutralization (SN) tests were performed with and without the addition of guinea pig complement. The inclusion of ten percent guinea pig serum in the virus suspension was sufficient for optimal enhancement of SN titres at any immune stages after immunization. Immune serum prepared against avirulent virus reacted only with homologous virus and there was no complement enhancement. Immune sera raised against live or inactivated virulent virus neutralized both virulent and avirulent virus. The reaction with virulent virus demonstrated complement enhancement. There was also moderate potentiation in the presence of complement when serum raised against inactivated virulent virus reacted with avirulent virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Blocking of human fertilization by carbohydrates.

The zona penetration test and triple stain technique were used to elucidate the blocking effects of carbohydrates on human fertilization and their mechanisms. In the presence of D-mannose or D-fructose (final concentration, 50 mmol/l), sperm penetration through the human zona pellucida was completely blocked. The triple stain technique revealed that D-fructose (50 mmol/l) significantly (P < 0.01) suppressed the acrosome reaction of human spermatozoa, while D-mannose did not show a suppressive effect on the acrosome reaction. These results reinforce our hypothesis proposed previously, that a mandatory step in human fertilization is the binding of a D-mannose-binding constituent of the sperm surface to a D-mannose residue in the sperm receptor site on the zona pellucida. In addition, D-fructose may play an important role as an acrosome stabilizing factor in seminal fluid.

Acrosome↗
PubMed1993

Predominant production of amniotic interleukin-1 alpha in cases with premature rupture of the membranes.

PROBLEM: The physiological significances of the two known subtypes of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in amniotic fluid (AF) were examined by measurements of their concentrations and detection of their location. METHOD: Each IL-1 subtype in AF collected from 61 patients were examined by newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with high sensitivity. Placenta and umbilical cord from 17 patients were examined immunohistochemically for localization of IL-1. RESULTS: Different types of IL-1 were predominant in AF; the mean (+/- SE) concentration of IL-1 beta (412.8 +/- 105.4 pg/ml) was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than that of IL-1 alpha (116.4 +/- 26.7 pg/ml) in cases with spontaneous vaginal delivery, whereas the concentration of IL-1 alpha (243.1 +/- 81.4 pg/ml) was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than that of IL-1 beta (139.7 +/- 59.4 pg/ml) in cases with premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) without intrauterine infection. In these cases, immunohistochemical studies revealed the presence of IL-1 alpha in the trophoblastic layer of the placenta and epithelium of the umbilical cord. CONCLUSION: Amniotic IL-1 alpha was detected predominantly in cases with PROM, and it is thought to be produced in placenta and fetal skin keratinocyte.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Difference of the hormonal profile at the periovulatory phase in pregnant and nonpregnant cycles of infertile women with unexplained etiology.

Ten women with unexplained infertility, who conceived by intrauterine insemination (IUI) or timed intercourse under controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, were analyzed to investigate the difference of hormonal environment at the periovulatory phase. Forty-two cycles were divided into three groups: the pregnant cycle group, the high luteinizing hormone (LH) group (LH > or = 60 mIU/ml on day -1: the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration) of nonpregnant cycles and the low LH group (LH < 60 mIU/ml on day -1) of nonpregnant cycles. Progesterone (P4)/estradiol (E2) ratios of the high LH group on day -1 and day 0 were significantly higher than those of each corresponding day in the pregnant cycle. On the other hand, P4/E2 ratio of the low LH group on day +1 was significantly lower. P4/E2 ratio but absolute level of each hormone showed a high indicative value for the estimation of abnormal hormonal environment. It is concluded that the P4/E2 ratio at the periovulatory phase is a good parameter to estimate the efficacy of the method for ovulation induction.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Seroepidemiological survey of chlamydial infections in light horses in Japan.

To investigate the overall prevalence of chlamydial infections in light (i.e. non-draught) horses in Japan, 599 sera obtained from 12 localities in 1991 were tested for complement fixation antibodies. The mean antibody positive rates of the all sera were 15.2% (91/599) and the regional positive rates were higher in Honshu (19.1%, 48/251) and Kyushu (20.0%, 20/100) than in Hokkaido (9.3%, 23/248). In Honshu, the highest rate (56.0%, 28/50) was observed in Utsunomiya. Analysis of the positive rate in different age groups showed that the 2-5 years age-group had the highest prevalence of chlamydial infections. This indicates that chlamydial infection is prevalent in light horses in Japan.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

An occurrence of equine transport pneumonia caused by mixed infection with Pasteurella caballi, Streptococcus suis and Streptococcus zooepidemicus.

An acute death occurred in a racehorse with pneumonia after long-distance transportation in December, 1990. Pasteurella caballi, Streptococcus suis and Streptococcus zooepidemicus were isolated from the lung at high rate. Specific antigens of these bacteria were also demonstrated immunohistologically in the pneumonic lesion. These findings indicated that the disease is equine transport pneumonia caused by a mixed infection of the three bacterial species. This is the first report on the isolation of P. caballi and S. suis from a racehorse in Japan.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Acute aortic dissection after coronary revascularization--a case report].

A 59-year-old man with coronary artery disease and arteriosclerosis obliterans of left lower extremity underwent anastomosis of left internal thoracic artery to left anterior descending artery with cardiopulmonary bypass of aortic perfusion and left femoro-popliteal bypass with saphenous vein graft. On the first postoperative day, urinary output decreased and then stopped. The transesophageal echocardiography and angiography revealed the Stanford A type acute aortic dissection. Immediately the resection of the ascending aorta including the intimal tear, which was found on the site of the previous aortic perfusion, and the reconstruction of the ascending aorta with the prosthetic graft was performed. After the reperfusion of left femoral artery, which was used as the route of the arterial perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass, serum potassium level increased gradually and at last the heart was arrested. Hemodialysis with draining from inferior vena cava produced the stability of hemodynamics, but on the next day he died of low cardiac output syndrome. We presented the case with the acute aortic dissection after open heart surgery, which was one of the rare complications in aortic perfusion of cardiopulmonary bypass and emphasized the possibility of occurrence of myonephropathic-metabolic syndrome after the repair of acute aortic dissection with limb ischemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Establishment of the human BSMZ breast cancer cell line, which overexpresses the erbB-2 and c-myc genes.

A new cell line, designated BSMZ, was established from a malignant pleural effusion from a woman with breast cancer. This line has a doubling time of 27 h and has now been cultured for over 120 passages. The large, rounded BSMZ cells grow as both a monolayer and as aggregations in suspension. Intracytoplasmic lumen, a finding consistent with results from cells derived from mammary tissue, was detected on ultrastructural analysis. Injection of BSMZ cells into nude mice resulted in the growth of solid tumors 4 weeks after inoculation. The solid tumor was identical to the original BSMZ cells in microscopic and electron microscopic studies. These cells possess an average of 80 chromosomes. Expression of erbB-2 and c-myc genes was increased by 10-fold, while there was no detectable overexpression of the N-ras and c-myb genes. Southern analysis has revealed amplification of the erbB-2 and c-myc loci. The BSMZ cell line may therefore provide a useful model for the study of human breast cancer and overexpression of the erbB-2 gene.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Interstitial deletion of chromosome 16q: 16q22 is critical for 16q- syndrome.

Partial deletion of 16q is rare; to our knowledge only 12 cases have been published. Fryns et al. [Hum Genet 38:343-346, 1977] described the first of these cases and proposed a new clinical entity. Our patient was a girl and had many minor anomalies of the kind often observed in 16q- syndrome. Severe failure to thrive due to emesis and diarrhea were also observed. High resolution banding methods showed that the chromosome constitution of the patient was 46,XX,del(16)(q22.1q22.3). This suggests that 16q22 is critical for the syndrome.

Chromosome Deletion↗
PubMed1992

Tissue-specific mosaicism for trisomy 21 and congenital heart disease.

Cytogenetic studies in a girl with ventricular septal defect and mosaicism for trisomy 21 showed that trisomy was present in most cells from the myocardium and lung but in only a minority from the skin and lymphocytes. These findings emphasize the importance of tissue-specific mosaicism as a cause of certain cardiovascular diseases.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1992

The complete sequence of African horsesickness virus serotype 4 (vaccine strain) RNA segment 5 and its predicted polypeptide compared with NS1 of bluetongue virus.

The complete sequence of RNA segment 5 of the African horsesickness virus serotype 4 (AHSV-4) vaccine strain was determined from cDNA clones inserted into pBR322. The RNA is 1751 bp long (M(r) 1.12 x 10(6)) and contains an open reading frame encoding a protein of 548 amino acids (M(r) 63,122) with a net charge of +0.5 at neutral pH. A comparison of the sequence of AHSV-4 segment 5 with that of segment 6 of bluetongue virus (BTV) serotypes 10 and 17 revealed 49.2% and 48.9% nucleotide similarity, respectively, and 31.4% amino acid similarity. However, AHSV-4 segment 5 has no significant similarity to BTV segment 5. In addition, Northern blot hybridization showed that full-length AHSV-4 segment 5 cDNA cross-hybridized with the corresponding genes of all serotypes of attenuated AHSV.

African Horse Sickness Virus↗
PubMed1992

A mosaic case of isodicentric chromosome 18.

A case of mosaicism of isodicentric chromosome 18 is reported. Dicentric chromosome 18 occurs rarely and only five cases of isodicentric chromosome 18 have been documented. A high resolution banding method revealed that the karyotype of the patient was mos 46,XX/46,XX idic(18)(pter-->q21.3::q21.3-->pter), and the ratio of normal and abnormal clones was 1:1. The clinical manifestations, resembling those of trisomy 18 syndrome, were affected by both partial trisomy 18pter-->q21.3 and partial monosomy 18q21.3-->qter.

Child↗