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Biomedical subjects

M Kajiwara

Publications and source records attributed to M Kajiwara.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Incidence of electrocardiographic changes during cytapheresis using an intermittent flow centrifuge, haemonetics V50 and a continuous flow centrifuge, AS104.

Electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring was performed during cytapheresis and the incidence of ECG changes was compared between methods of intermittent flow centrifugation using the Haemonetics V50 with apheresis donors and continuous flow centrifugation with the AS104 for peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection from patients. ST depression, inverted T wave and other ECG changes were found in 49 (14.3%) of the 342 cytaphereses carried out by the intermittent flow centrifugation method and in 8 (4.7%) of the 169 PBSC collections by the continuous flow centrifugation method. This difference was significant (P < 0.05). The hemodynamic changes in the procedure with the AS104 seem to be small. This is considered to be important for prevention of serious ST and T wave changes.

Blood Component Removal↗
PubMed1997

Validity of the 13-C-urea breath test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection.

Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of gastritis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer, and the 13C-urea breath test (13C-UBT) is a convenient and non-invasive method for the detection of H. pylori in the stomach. We have examined the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 13C-UBT. The 13CO2/12CO2 ratio was measured using infrared spectroscopy (IR) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

Breath Tests↗
PubMed1997

Three cases of renal angiomyolipoma.

We report three non-typical cases of renal angiomyolipoma including clinical features, imaging examinations (with ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and angiography) and histological findings. Microaneurysms observed by angiography were common to the three cases and were considered to be an important finding in the diagnosis of renal angiomyolipoma. Moreover, the short tau inversion recovery (STIR) method of MRI, which suppresses photon signals of fat, was considered to be useful for the diagnosis. Case 1 was accompanied by spontaneous rupture, Case 2 was difficult to diagnose because of little fat tissue and Case 3 revealed a very small tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

MR imaging of small hepatocellular carcinoma (< or = 20 mm)--correlation with vascularity and histological features.

We have evaluated the efficacy of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma less than 20 mm in diameter (sHCC). This study involved 72 cases of sHCC tumors which were also investigated by angiography and histology. These cases were retrospectively examined for correlations between tumor stain (vascularity) on angiography, histological features (fat deposition, clear cells and the grade of differentiation) and the findings on T1 and T2 weighted MR imaging. The sHCC detection rate by MR imaging was 73.6% (53 cases) and by angiography was 59.7% (43 cases). Thirty-five cases were detected both the MR imaging and by angiography. The main MR imaging patterns were hypo to isointense on T1 weighted images (T1WI) and hyperintense on T2 weighted images (T2WI) in 22 cases, and hyperintense on both T1WI and T2WI in 7. In 18 cases which were not demonstrated by tumor staining on angiography, the main MR imaging patterns were hyperintense on T1WI and isointense on T2WI in 14. The histological features included fat deposition in 22 cases, 20 cases of which were hyperintense on T1WI, and 10 of these 20 were hyperintense on both T1WI and T2WI. Fat deposition was marked in 9. According to the grade of differentiation, 23 of the 26 cases with well differentiated HCC tumors were hyperintense on T1WI, and 21 of the 27 cases with moderately to poorly differentiated HCC were hypo to isointense on T1WI and hyperintense on T2WI. sHCC was visualized by MR imaging, reflecting vascularity, fat deposition and the grade of differentiation. In particular, MR imaging is useful for a differential diagnosis between the well differentiated HCC and the moderately to poorly differentiated HCC, and useful for the diagnosis of an early HCC.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Transient depression of LWa antigen with coincident production of anti-LWa repeated in relapses of malignant lymphoma.

Three years ago, a 71-year-old female was admitted because of general lymphadenopathy. She had been on medication for hypothroidism, but had no history of pregnancy or blood transfusion. T-cell lymphoma was found. Since then, she has been treated with intermittent chemotherapy. The patient's LWa antigen was depressed during two relapses of the lymphoma and anti-LWa was detected simultaneously on both occasions. When she entered remission after therapy, her LW phenotype converted from LW(a-) to LW(a+), and this was accompanied by the disappearance of anti-LWa. This suggests that LW(a-) was a transient phenotype. In the first relapse, a total of 8 units of D- LW(a+) packed red cells and 20 units of platelets were transfused during 1 month without any haemolytic reaction. In these relapses, nonhaemolytic anaemia, hyper-gamma-globulinaemia and remarkable bone-marrow infiltration with lymphoplasma cells were recognized. She also possessed antithyroglobulin and antimicrosomal antibodies; however, these autoantibodies did not change with the relapses. These results suggests that the recurrent depressions of LWa may be closely related to the underlying disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Usefulness of lymphokine-activated killer cells generated from bone marrow mononuclear cells for the purging of residual tumor cells in peripheral blood stem cell graft.

Lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells were generated from bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM), and the usefulness of the BM-LAK for purging of residual tumor cells in autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) graft was determined. The BM and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were obtained from the same bone marrow donors. The BM-LAK and PBL-LAK were generated by incubation with interleukin-2 for 7 days. The BM-LAK demonstrated higher killer activity against a lymphoma cell line Raji than the PBL-LAK. The BM-LAK also had a higher percentage of CD4-CD8-CD16+ cells than the PBL-LAK, which suggests that their high killer activity is related to these cells. The BM-LAK did not show any killer activity against the PBSC graft. However, they killed tumor cells which contaminated the PBSC graft, and in particular, killed chimeric bcr/abl messenger RNA-positive residual leukemic cells. These results suggest that the BM-LAK may be applicable for purging. As the BM-LAK possess higher killer activity than the PBL-LAK, they may be more useful than the PBL-LAK.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Studies on 13C-phenacetin metabolism. II. A combination of breath test and urine test of in vivo metabolites in the diagnosis of liver disease.

We determined the optimum 13C-labeling position in phenacetin for use in a breath test to diagnose liver disease based on infrared spectroscopy detection of 13CO2 in exhaled air. ([1-13C]Ethoxy)phenacetin gave the best result. This compound was also employed in a urine test using 13C-NMR spectroscopy. In the urine test, healthy subjects gave a higher signal of phenacetin than of its metabolite, phenetidine, whereas in patients with liver disease the situation was the reverse. The combination of the breath and urine tests may be a valuable new tool for the diagnosis of liver disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Simple 13C-urea breath test with infra-red spectrophotometer.

When mass spectrophotometric analysis is used for the 13C-urea breath test to assess H. pylori infection, it is costly, complicated, and time-consuming. To overcome these disadvantages, we utilized an infra-red spectrophotometer as a substitute for the mass spectrophotometer. A total of 153 patients (181 tests) analyzed with peptic ulcers or non-ulcer dyspepsia were investigated. Breath samples were collected 15 min after ingestion of 13C-urea (100 mg in 30 ml water). An infra-red spectrophotometer was used to determine the concentration of 13CO2 in the expirate. The 13CO2/12CO2 ratio was also measured by mass spectrophotometry to compare results with those of infra-red spectrophotometric analysis. Direct detection of H. pylori was qualified in biopsy specimens. Of the 181 biopsies, 138 were positive for H. pylori infection and 43 were negative. With the urea breath test, the mean value in the positive group was significantly higher than that in the negative group (0.062 +/- 0.044 vs 0.011 +/- 0.014, respectively). The cut-off level, 0.01, was determined as delta 13C atom %. The sensitivity of infra-red spectrophotometry was 97.8% (135/138) and specificity was 74.4% (32/43). There was an extremely high coefficient of correlation (r = 0.996) between mass and infra-red photometric analysis. Infra-red spectrometry appears to have great potential not only for diagnosing H. pylori infection but also for assessing treatment results. Its advantages include technical simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and high accuracy.

Breath Tests↗
PubMed1995

13C-UBT using an infrared spectrometer for detection of Helicobacter pylori and for monitoring the effects of lansoprazole.

The stable isotope [13C]-labeled urea breath test (13C-UBT) is very useful for detecting Helicobacter pylori. Conventionally, a mass spectrometer is used to measure the presence of 13CO2 in breath. However, this technique is complex and expensive. Therefore, we carried out the 13C-UBT using an easy-to-operate infrared spectrometer, and we studied its usefulness. The 95 subjects included 35 patients with gastric ulcers, 32 with duodenal ulcers, 13 with gastroduodenal ulcers, some patients with nonulcer gastroduodenal disease, and normal controls. The 13C-UBT was negative in normal controls and positive in 86 of 91 (95%) patients with illness. Peaks appeared 15 to 30 min after [13C]urea administration. The 33 patients who were 13C-UBT-positive were then given lansoprazole 30 mg/day and the 13C-UBT was repeated after 8 to 16 weeks. Lansoprazole was found to be effective in patients who exhibited peak 13CO2 values that were at least two-thirds less than the pretreatment values. This effect was seen in 16 patients (48%), 13 of whom (81%) had gastric ulcers. Thirteen of the 17 patients (76%) who exhibited no effect had duodenal ulcers, and there were clear treatment response differences between the two types of ulcers.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1994

Origin of carbon atoms of biotin. 13C-NMR studies on biotin biosynthesis in Escherichia coli.

The origin of the carbon atoms of pimeloyl-CoA, the earliest known precursor in the pathway of de novo biotin biosynthesis in Escherichia coli, was investigated by 13C-NMR spectroscopy. In fermentation of the biotin-overproducing DRK332/pXBA312 strain of Escherichia coli (a repressor mutant carrying a biotin operon fragment in the plasmid), a high dose of L-alanine (8 g/l) stimulated dethiobiotin and biotin accumulation. Although L-alanine is a known precursor of 7-keto-8-aminopelargonic acid in biotin biosynthesis, the 13C-NMR spectrum of dethiobiotin showed that the C-3 of L-[3-13C]alanine was incorporated into not only the methyl carbon (C-9) but also alternate carbons (C-2, C-4, C-6) of the side chain, and these latter positions are the same as those labeled with D-[1-13C]glucose. These data indicate that L-alanine can act as an alternative carbon source, suggesting that acetyl-CoA is a possible precursor for pimeloyl-CoA synthesis. In accordance with this hypothesis, the C-1 of sodium (1-13C)acetate and the C-2 of sodium (2-13C)acetate were incorporated into alternate carbons in the side chain of dethiobiotin, i.e., (C-1, C-3, C-5, C-7) and (C-1, C-2, C-4, C-6), respectively. These results suggested firstly that in E. coli pimeloyl-CoA is biosynthesized from L-alanine and/or acetate via acetyl-CoA, but not via pimelic acid, which has been suggested as a biotin precursor in other species, and secondly that the carboxyl group of biotin originates from carbon dioxide produced through the tricarboxylic acid cycle.

Acetates↗
PubMed1994

Small hepatocellular carcinoma with intravascular tumor growth into the right atrium.

A 66-year-old man with ascites and marked edema in the lower extremities was suspected of having secondary Budd-Chiari syndrome due to primary liver cancer, based on imaging diagnosis, i.e., ultrasonography, computed tomography, and inferior venacavogram. At autopsy, an encapsulated small liver cancer was found to have extended into the inferior vena cava and right atrium. There have been few reports of small hepatocellular carcinoma with intravascular tumor growth into the right atrium.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Comparative analyses of thymocyte and thymic low-density adherent cell functions.

Thymocytes which have developed in the C3H thymus showed depressed proliferative responses to stimulation with anti-CD3 antibody as compared with those which have developed in the thymus of other strains of mice (i.e. AKR). The present study was conducted to analyze immunological functions of the thymic stromal cell population (low-density adherent cells, LDAC) in the C3H mice using allogeneic bone marrow (BM) chimeras established by BM transplantation in the reciprocal combination of AKR and C3H mice as donor or recipient. The thymic LDAC from C3H mice or the [AKR(donor)-->C3H(recipient)] chimeras contained a high proportion of Mac-1+ cells as compared to AKR mice or the [C3H-->AKR] chimeras. The proportion of Mac-1+ cells paralleled the IL-1- and PGE2-secreting ability of the LDAC cultured either in the presence or absence of LPS and also paralleled the antigen-presenting cell functions of the LDAC. Furthermore, after anti-CD3 stimulation the PGE2 inhibited more profoundly proliferative responses of [AKR-->C3H] or normal C3H thymocytes than those of the [C3H-->AKR] chimera or normal AKR thymocytes. A PGE2 inhibitor, indomethacin, reversed the depressed responses of the thymocytes which had developed in the C3H thymus. These findings suggest that the lower responsiveness of thymocytes from [AKR-->C3H] chimeras to anti-CD3 stimulation may be attributable to large amounts of PGE2 secreted by LDAC and/or to increased sensitivity of thymocytes themselves to PGE2.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Human cytomegalovirus DNA in cerebrospinal fluid.

To determine the involvement of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) in conditions of neurological impairment, detection of CMV DNA was attempted in cerebrospinal fluid obtained from 45 neurologically affected children aged from 1 month to 17 years by means of the polymerase chain reaction. Four patients (congenital CMV encephalopathy with West's syndrome, acute encephalitis, chronic epileptic encephalopathy, and lissencephaly) had CMV DNA in their cerebrospinal fluid. CMV DNA was absent in the cerebrospinal fluid of 11 neurologically unaffected controls aged from 1 month to 11 years. Three patients with acute CMV hepatitis had no CMV DNA in their cerebrospinal fluid. Among the four patients who had CMV DNA in their cerebrospinal fluid, two did not excrete CMV DNA or CMV antigen in the urine. The possible pathogenetic significance of CMV DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid is discussed. By applying the polymerase chain reaction to cerebrospinal fluid, the mode of brain invasion by CMV can be clarified further.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Biosynthesis of erythromycin: origin of the methyl protons.

13C-Nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR) spectroscopy has been used to locate deuterium atoms incorporated biosynthetically into erythromycin from [3-13CD3]- and [3-13C]sodium propionate and L-[13CD3]- and L-[13C]methionine in Saccharopolyspora erythraea JCM 4748. The alpha-shifts of deuterated methyl groups were clearly observed in broad-band deuterium and proton-decoupled 13C-NMR spectra. The seven propionate-derived methyl groups and the four methionine-derived methyl groups were shown to undergo no exchange of methyl protons during the biosynthesis of erythromycin.

Erythromycin↗
PubMed1994

[A study of the drug distribution on intra-hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy; how much difference between continuous infusion and rapid infusion?].

The subjects were 41 cases with implantable reservoir systems for unresectable hepatic tumors. We evaluated the difference in drug distribution between intra-hepatic arterial continuous infusion and rapid infusion using hepatic perfusion scintigraphy by 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin via reservoirs. The 41 cases were divided into 2 groups (A and B) according to the imaging of the perfusion scintigraphy. There were 17 cases in group A with equal distribution and 24 cases in group B with a different distribution between the continuous infusion and the rapid infusion. The 24 cases in group B were subdivided into groups according to the distribution of 99mTc-MAA in and around liver. In some cases the distribution pattern after rapid infusion improved more than with continuous infusion. These results suggested that the infusion method must be selected for every case.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1993

Increased urinary excretion of human cytomegalovirus in children with malignancy: detection by polymerase chain reaction.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is one of the most important agents causing opportunistic infections in immunocompromised hosts. In this study, we examined the urinary excretion of HCMV in children with malignancy using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Urine samples were collected from on-therapy, off-therapy patients with malignancy, and healthy controls. A simple DNA extraction method using glass powder was employed, and inhibitory effect of urine on PCR was prevented. For PCR, a pair of primers from the HCMV major immediate early gene sequence was used. Among patients who received intensive chemotherapy, 52.0% had urinary HCMV excretion after the chemotherapy course. In contrast, off-therapy patients and healthy controls showed a lower incidence of urinary HCMV excretion (20.4 and 8.7%, respectively). The incidence of HCMV urinary excretion in the on-therapy group was significantly higher than healthy controls (P < 0.05). In the on-therapy group, the total white blood cell count of the virus excreters was lower than that of non-excreters. The incidence of HCMV excretion was high in on-therapy patients. Most of the virus excreters were seropositive, so their viruria was thought to be caused by reactivation. Repeated monitoring of virus excretion by this rapid and simple method may be useful to detect HCMV infection early and to control it in such patients.

Adolescent↗