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Biomedical subjects

M K Moore

Publications and source records attributed to M K Moore.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

A comparative study of terbinafine versus griseofulvin in 'dry-type' dermatophyte infections.

We conducted a double-blind comparative study of terbinafine, 250 mg twice daily, versus griseofulvin, 500 mg twice daily, for 6 weeks in chronic dermatophyte infections of the feet or hands. All but three patients (total 31) had Trichophyton rubrum infection. At 12-week follow-up, 100% of the terbinafine-treated group were free from infection compared with 45% of those treated with griseofulvin. Therapy in 75% of the terbinafine-treated group and in 35% of those given griseofulvin was rated as effective overall at long-term follow-up, although these differences were not statistically significant. Six months after treatment all nine patients whose skin had cleared with terbinafine therapy remained in remission versus only one of seven patients treated with griseofulvin. None of the patients in either group experienced serious adverse effects.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1990

Itraconazole in the management of chronic dermatophytosis.

Fifty-five patients with griseofulvin-unresponsive dermatophytosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum were treated with itraconazole. They had either tinea corporis or "dry type" infections of the palms, soles, or nails. The following sites were affected: trunk (12 infections), soles (47), toe webs (52), palms (26), fingernails (29), and toenails (42). Patients were treated with oral itraconazole until clinical and mycologic remission were achieved. Response rates and mean times to recovery were as follows: trunk, 100%, 1.5 months; soles, 83%, 6.7 months; toe webs, 90%, 7.2 months; palms, 96%, 4.6 months; fingernails, 90%, 5.4 months; and toenails, 76%, 10.3 months). In a 6-month follow-up period 7 of 30 patients with toenail infections who had responded to treatment had a clinical and mycologic relapse, usually of one nail. Side effects were minimal but included abdominal discomfort (three patients), headache (one), and weight gain (two). No persistent abnormalities in blood biochemistry were seen, even in patients who received itraconazole for more than 9 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Antigenic cross-reactivity among isolates of group JK corynebacteria.

Using rocket and rocket-line immunoelectrophoresis and immunoblotting it was demonstrated that a group of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including several authenticated Corynebacterium jeikeium strains, shared many cross-reacting antigens. Only weak cross-reactivity was demonstrated with representatives of three other skin corynebacteria, C. bovis, C. hofmanii and C. minutissimum or with non-coryneforms. Differences within C. jeikeium are sufficient to permit the use of immunoblotting as an epidemiological tool.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Sterols of fungi responsible for superficial skin and nail infection.

Two groups of fungi isolated from human skin and nail are the dermatophytes Epidermophyton, Microsporum and Trichophyton species and the non-dermatophytes Hendersonula toruloidea and Scytalidium hyalinum. Examination of the sterol composition of these fungi by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) identified five new sterols from dermatophytes, namely cholesterol, campesterol, episterol, fecosterol and sitosterol. These sterols, with ergosterol and brassicasterol, were also identified from extracts of H. toruloidea and S. hyalinum. Sterol patterns produced by GC-MS with selected ion recording of ten ions were analysed by principal components analysis using the SIMCA statistical package. The dermatophyte genera and species were not differentiated using this method, the similarity in sterol content reflecting the close taxonomic relationship of this group. H. toruloidea and S. hyalinum had similar sterol contents to each other, reinforcing the opinion that these fungi are related, although H. toruloidea form 3 was distinguished from forms 1 and 2.

Arthrodermataceae↗
PubMed1989

A comparison of group treatments of women sexually abused as children.

We randomly assigned 65 women who had been sexually abused by a father, stepfather, or other close relative to 1 of 3 treatment conditions: a 10-week interpersonal transaction (IT) group, a 10-week process group, or a wait list condition. Subjects were evaluated at pretreatment, posttreatment, and (if assigned to a group) a 6-month follow-up on measures of social adjustment, depression, fearfulness, and general distress. Results suggested that both the IT and process group formats were more effective than the wait list condition in reducing depression and in alleviating distress; changes were maintained at follow-up. Subjects in the process group format exhibited improvement in social adjustment, whereas subjects in the wait list condition actually deteriorated.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1988

Morphological and physiological studies of isolates of Hendersonula toruloidea Nattrass cultured from human skin and nail samples.

Primary isolates from 128 cases of superficial Hendersonula toruloidea infection were invariably of the hyphomycete Scytalidium synanamorph of the fungus, characterized by the formation of dematiaceous fission arthroconidia. Three distinct colonial forms were recognized which were stable on repeated sub-culture. The growth rates of four isolates of each colonial form were determined at 25 degrees C, 30 degrees C, 37 degrees C and 40 degrees C. The production of the coelomycete synanamorph was investigated on a range of agar and natural media. Pycnidial or stromatal conidiomata were observed in representatives of two of the three colonial forms. All the infections were diagnosed in patients who had originated from, or resided in tropical, subtropical or warm temperate areas and the distribution of the different colonial forms was significantly related to the geographical/racial origins of the patients.

Black People↗
PubMed1988

Anomalies of the human chest plate area. Radiographic findings in a large autopsy population.

Anomalies of the sternal rib ends and costal cartilages, sternal foramina, and epi(supra)sternal bones from a large, modern autopsy population have been described. Rib abnormalities (duplications, fusions, and spurs) were found in 55 of 2,016 plastron roentgenograms, sternal foramina were found in 135, and episternal bones were found in 51. Sternal foramina were significantly more common in blacks than in whites and episternal bones more common in whites than blacks; rib anomalies had no recognizable racial predilection. Rib anomalies were almost three times more common in males than females, whereas episternal bones were only slightly more common in males. Sternal foramina had no sex predilection. Episternal bones were slightly more often unilateral than bilateral and, when unilateral, were twice as often located on the left. While none of the malformations studied appeared to be of clinical significance, they are of potential forensic value in individual identification.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1988

Candida onychomycosis--an evaluation of the role of Candida species in nail disease.

Nail infections caused by Candida species are normally associated with chronic paronychia or chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMCC). However, the role of Candida in the pathogenesis of other primary nail dystrophies has been questioned in view of their response to antifungal therapy alone. In the present study of 86 patients with primary nail dystrophies from which Candida was isolated, three patterns of nail involvement were found. Nineteen patients, of whom 17 had CMCC, had total dystrophic onychomycosis of at least two nails. The second group consisted of 27 patients with paronychia and lateral onycholysis. In a further 40 patients, who did not have paronychia, Candida was isolated from nails showing primary distal and lateral onycholysis. These changes were mainly seen in patients with peripheral vascular disease, particularly Raynaud's disease, or Cushing's syndrome. Nail biopsies from patients in the latter two groups confirmed the presence of yeasts and mycelium in the nail plate and 17 (46%) of those receiving antifungal therapy with ketoconazole or itraconazole showed complete clearance of the nail dystrophy. Good responses to therapy were seen more frequently in patients with peripheral vascular disease or Cushing's syndrome of whom 15 (72%) recovered; distal erosion of the nail plate, mycelium in the nail plate on biopsy or direct microscopy together with the isolation of C. albicans were all associated with good responses to antifungals. In addition to patients with CMCC or paronychia, therefore, Candida appears to be a significant pathogen in some patients with primary onycholysis of the finger nails, particularly where there is underlying peripheral vascular disease or Cushing's syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

An evaluation of itraconazole in the management of onychomycosis.

At present the reported use of itraconazole, a new oral triazole antifungal, has been confined to short-term treatments. This investigation is an appraisal of itraconazole in the treatment of three different forms of onychomycosis. Six patients with nail infections due to Candida albicans not associated with paronychia affecting a total of 20 nails received itraconazole (100 mg daily) for a mean period of 5.9 months. Complete remission was achieved in all cases. Twenty six patients with dermatophyte onychomycosis affecting a total of 45 finger and 80 toe-nails were treated with itraconazole (100-200 mg daily). In 24 cases the causative organism was Trichophyton rubrum. Remission was achieved in 64% of finger and 73% of toe-nails in 5 and 9.4 months, respectively. Treatment failures were experienced in patients with finger-nail infections due to T. violaceum (I) and those concurrently receiving phenytoin and phenobarbitone (3). Three patients with infections due to Hendersonula toruloidea failed to respond to treatment. Adverse effects were experienced by four patients (abdominal discomfort 3, diarrhoea I), but none were serious enough to lead to abandonment of treatment. No persistent changes were seen in serum biochemical values. This study suggests that itraconazole is potentially effective in the long-term treatment of superficial fungal infections such as onychomycosis, and comparative studies with alternatives such as griseofulvin should now be carried out.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

"Who am I"?

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cerebral Palsy↗
PubMed1986

Toewebs as a source of gram-negative bacilli.

The prevalence of Gram-negative bacilli on the toewebs was 8% in normal students, 24% in hospital outpatients with suspected Tinea pedis, 41% in industrial workers wearing protective clothing and 58% in coal miners. Prevalence was greatest in those exposed to wet working conditions. In miners, the presence of Gram-negative bacilli was related to symptoms of itching/soreness and cracking/fissuring, and was negatively related to malodour, but this latter trend was reversed in outpatients and in industrial workers. The feet are a source of many 'enteric' and 'environmental' bacilli and could contribute to infection elsewhere than in the toewebs themselves.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1986

Circulating antibodies and antigenic cross-reactivity in Hendersonula toruloidea and Scytalidium hyalinum infections.

Twelve (34%) of thirty-five patients with an active infection on the palms or soles caused by Hendersonula toruloidea or Scytalidium hyalinum were found to have circulating antibodies to these organisms by counter immunoelectrophoresis or immunodiffusion, compared with 9% of uninfected controls. In every instance there was cross-reactivity between the positive patients' sera and the heterologous non-dermatophyte antigen. Using crossed and intermediate gel immunoelectrophoresis it was found that cytoplasmic extracts of H. toruloidea and S. hyalinum showed 34 and 41 precipitin peaks respectively, most of which were shared by both organisms. No cross-reactions were observed between the non-dermatophyte cytoplasmic extracts and hyperimmune animal antisera raised to Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton interdigitale, Aspergillus fumigatus or Candida albicans. Exoantigens prepared from the two non-dermatophytes showed similar cross-reactivity between the two species. It appears that H. toruloidea and S. hyalinum are very similar in antigenic structure, a finding which lends support to the view that they may be closely related. They are also antigenically distinct from other pathogenic fungi which commonly infect skin, a fact which may be useful in their cultural identification as well as their recognition in tissue specimens.

Antibodies, Fungal↗
PubMed1986

Hendersonula toruloidea and Scytalidium hyalinum infections in London, England.

In a survey of 399 patients with superficial fungal lesions who had been born outside Western Europe, 32 cases of Hendersonula toruloidea infection and 11 cases of Scytalidium hyalinum infection were diagnosed. The hyphae of these two non-dermatophytes in skin were indistinguishable from each other but could be distinguished from those of dermatophytes. Both the non-dermatophyte infections were limited to the palms, soles, two webs and nails. The geographical origins of the infected patients were analysed and it appeared that S. hyalinum infection was geographically more limited than H. toruloidea infection.

Adolescent↗