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Biomedical subjects

M K McAllen

Publications and source records attributed to M K McAllen.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1980

Intranasal flunisolide, placebo and beclomethasone dipropionate in perennial rhinitis.

Flunisolide nasal spray has been compared with placebo and with beclomethasone dipropionate in the treatment of perennial rhinitis. A double-blind, cross-over study in 26 patients comparing intranasal flunisolide (total dose 300 microgram/day) with placebo showed superiority of the active preparation in the relief of sneezing, stuffiness and runny nose. Physicians and patients significantly preferred the active spray. Side-effects on both sprays were mainly confined to transient nasal irritation. Plasma cortisol levels did not change significantly during the trial. A single-blind, cross-over study in 34 patients comparing flunisolide and beclomethasone dipropionate showed relief of sneezing, stuffiness, runny nose and nose-blowing with both medications. There were no differences between the effects of the two preparations. Physicians and patients favoured the drugs equally. Side-effects were minor.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1974

Hay fever.

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Nursing↗
PubMed1974

Steroid aerosols in asthma: an assessment of betamethasone valerate and a 12-month study of patients on maintenance treatment.

Betamethasone valerate aerosol is a new compound for the treatment of asthma. Its clinical effectiveness was established in a double-blind cross-over trial in non-steroid-dependent asthmatic patients. At a dosage of 400 to 800 mug/day for three months there was no evidence of suppression of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function, as assessed by tetracosactrin and insulin stress tests.A 12-month follow-up study of 120 patients using steroid aerosols (betamethasone valerate or beclomethasone dipropionate) indicated that tolerance does not develop and that a daily maintenance dose of 200 mug/day was adequate in most patients. Temporary lack of response was observed during episodes of sputum production or of heavy exposure to antigen.There were no observed side effects other than fungal infections of the respiratory tract. However, the incidence of candidiasis of the pharynx (13%) and particularly of the larynx (5%) in apparently immunologically normal patients was disturbing. These infections were not seen in patients taking 200 mug/day. Though there is yet no evidence that fungal infections associated with steroid aerosols may penetrate the trachea and bronchi the possibility of this indicates that caution should be exercised in their use, particularly in long-term high dosage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1973

Deaths from asthma.

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Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1970

House-dust mite asthma. Results of challenge tests on five criteria with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus.

Twenty-eight patients with asthma and house-dust allergy were investigated by five different challenge tests with mite extract (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus). These tests were performed on the skin, bronchi, nasal mucosa, and leucocytes, and on normal human lung tissue passively sensitized by the patients' serum. The results were compared with each other and with the clinical state of the patients.Of 21 patients on whom all five tests were carried out, positive reactions to every test were found in 14 (67%). Asthmatic attacks were readily induced by inhalation of the mite extract and occurred in 18 (86%). Nasal reactions were provoked in 18 (86%) and were not followed by asthmatic symptoms. A leucocyte test was positive in 19 (90%) and the serum test was positive in all (100%). Delayed asthmatic responses to bronchial challenge were seen in six patients, but there was no evidence that these were mediated by precipitins. Quantitatively there was no fixed pattern between the degrees of sensitivity of the different tissues in the same patient. The amount of mite antigen capable of causing an asthmatic reaction was extremely small-less than 1 mug. of mite material in several patients.In view of the prevalence of D. pteronyssinus in this country and its high allergenic potency, it is considered that this mite is an important factor in allergic asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1970

Serum reagins and leucocyte response in patients with house-dust mite allergy.

A study was carried out on 26 patients with respiratory allergy due to the house-dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and on 10 non-allergic control subjects using two in-vitro histamine release tests for assessing immediate-type allergy. The first test was on the patients' serum and assessed reaginic (anaphylactic; possibly IgE) antibodies by passive sensitization of normal human lung tissue. The second test was on the patients' leucocytes directly challenged with the mite antigen.Positive results were obtained in over 90% of patients, whereas the tests were either negative or very weakly positive in the control subjects. A significant degree of correlation was found between the two tests used, but pronounced differences were observed in a few instances.Confirmation of the role of IgE in tissue sensitization was obtained from tests with anti-IgE serum on leucocytes. Positive reactions of patients' leucocytes were also obtained with anti-IgG, anti-IgA, and anti-IgM sera, which would suggest that antibodies belonging to these immunoglobulin classes may also play a part in immediate-type allergic reactions.

Antibodies↗