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Biomedical subjects

M K Knight

Publications and source records attributed to M K Knight.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Total alloplastic replacement of the urinary bladder.

Bladder cancer is the second most common malignancy of the genitourinary tract. In 1992, the estimated incidence of bladder cancer in the United States was 50,000 cases. Cystectomy and urinary diversion were the preferred methods of treatment. Currently, these patients undergo various types of intestinal urinary diversion. These procedures represent a significant advancement over bilateral ureterostomies; however, many problems are associated with their use and they are among the topics discussed in this article.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Treatment of acute isoniazid overdose in dogs.

The National Animal Poison Control Center received 28 calls of isoniazid (INH) exposures in dogs and cats between 1987 and 1993. The ingestion of a single 300 mg INH tablet was the most common complaint. Isoniazid has a low therapeutic margin and produces life threatening signs in dogs ingesting single 300 mg human tablets. The LD50 of INH in dogs is estimated at 50 mg/kg bw, which is probably similar to that for humans. However, rodents are among the species most resistant to INH and thus are not good animal models for toxic dose extrapolation. The more consistent clinical signs reported were recurrent clonic-tonic seizures followed by a stuporous state with poor response to stimulus. Ideal treatment combines vitamin B6 given as a single i.v. bolus at an equivalent dose to the amount of INH ingested and anticonvulsants such as 1 mg diazepam/kg bw. This combination acts synergistically to improve GABAergic transmission in the CNS and has proved effective in protecting animals from further convulsions and death, even after several seizure episodes, as often encountered in clinical situations.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

A personal computer system for testing gas exchange, heart, lungs, ventilatory pump.

This paper reports the development of a computer system for testing gas exchange and lung function in the ICU. The essence of the system is a software package that uses an IBM personal computer for data processing and analysis. Front end hardware is modular, as is software, so that portions or all of the system can be used. The system provides measurements of lung mechanics work, functional residual volume, spirometry, oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide output, lung water, blood gas interpretation, hemodynamics. Reports are provided by standard data base manager and so are easily customized.

Computers↗
PubMed1975

Metabolism of ascorbic acid and ascorbic-2-sulfate in man and the subhuman primate.

Man does not catabolize ascorbate to CO2, whereas the monkey does catabolize ascorbate and ascorbate sulfate to CO2 when these compounds are given orally. However, it takes the same length of time to produce frank scurvy in both man and the monkey, thus indicating that the comparative storage, rate of use, and mode of metabolism of ascorbate is similar in both species. Preliminary feeding and isotope studies conducted on monkeys are in agreement with the fact that only a small amount of labeled ascorbate or ascorbate sulfate equilibrated with body stores. These results are in agreement with published ascorbic acid requirements of 10 mg/kg body weight. In our experiments, 250 mg/day had to be fed to a 10-kg monkey to completely clear all signs of scurvy and return blood ascorbate levels to normal. Ascorbic acid administered intravenously to monkeys appears to equilibrate completely with the ascorbate pool(s). Ascorbate sulfate was found to be a urinary metabolite of both ascorbic-1-14C acid and ascorbic-6-14C acid fed orally to monkeys.

Animals↗
PubMed1970

Holiday camp.

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Camping↗