Infective endocarditis--pitfalls in diagnosis and therapy.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M K Chhetri.
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Fifteen cases of chronic heart block were studied. Eight of them could be designated as idiopathic or primary heart block; the others were associated with hypertension, diabetes and ischaemic heart disease, either singly or in various combinations. In six cases, the whole heart was available for histopathological study of the conduction system. In the other 9 cases, only a portion of the heart muscle was available for examination. A V nodal fibrosis extending upto the proximal bundle of His was seen in all the six whole heart autopsy materials. Fibrosis of the adjacent myocardium was seen in five cases. In three cases, conducting system fibrosis was associated with atherosclerotic (1 case) or diabetic changes (3 cases) of the intramural vessels. In the 9 partial autopsy studies, myocardial fibrosis was seen in two cases, diabetic microangiopathy in one and atherosclerotic changes in two including an old thrombus in one. Thus, diabetic microangiopathy was seen in total four cases. These changes may be responsible for the cardiomegaly and cardiac failure associated with conduction defects observed in diabetes. In the idiopathic group also, heart block could be considered as a significant facet of a primary myocardial degenerative process.
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Despite the wide clinical spectrum of acute myocardial infarction, changes in various hormones, e.g., insulin, prolactin, and cortisol, have been observed in these cases separately. The present study was designed to see the changes of these hormones simultaneously and to follow them up along with the clinical improvement of the patient. Sixty nonobese, nondiabetic, and nonhypertensive patients of confirmed acute myocardial infarction (mean age 53 years) of which 54 were males were selected against 44 controls. Insulin, prolactin, an cortisol were estimated by radioimmunoassay technique. From the results it is presumed that there is a direct interrelationship between these hormones with the biochemical electrocardiographic, and clinical state of the patient.
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