The effect of different doses of methyl isocyanate (MIC), carbaryl and thiram on liver microsomal mixed-function oxygenases (MFO) was studied in adult Swiss Portan mice by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection for different durations. The LD50 dose of all three toxicants after 0.75 h of administration could increase cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome b5 contents (82-143%), and the 1/4 LD50 of these compounds could elicit the same effect after 168 h (168-393%). The 1/4 LD50 dose of thiram decreased the cytochrome P-450 content below the control level (69.62%) in 0.75 h and the same dose of MIC could decrease the cytochrome P-450 level by 40% compared to the control after 3 days of consecutive injection. The activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes (aminopyrine demethylase--NADH and NADPH-linked--and aniline hydroxylase) were found to increase with all three compounds in general. Marked changes in the activity of the marker enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase were also seen after i.p. injection if MIC, carbaryl and thiram. These findings suggested that these compounds were hepatotoxic, which could be due to their carbamylating nature.

Aminopyrine N-Demethylase↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of propane-1,2-diol ingestion on carbohydrate metabolism in female rat erythrocytes.

This study was undertaken to assess the effect of propane-1,2-diol(PD) ingestion on carbohydrate metabolism in female rat erythrocytes. For this purpose, two different groups of adult albino female rats were treated orally with PD at two different dose levels of 73 and 294 mg 100 g-1 body wt. The blood samples drawn from the retro-orbital sinus prior to the treatment served as the controls, whereas the treated samples were collected at peak periods (1/2 and 2 h) 2 and 7 days after the treatment. A single dose of PD was found to elevate levels of blood glucose, lactate, pyruvate and the lactate/pyruvate ratio at the peak periods (P < 0.001) and after 2 days (P < 0.001) in both the groups. A significant (P < 0.05) increase in the contents of erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) was observed only at the peak periods. All these parameters returned to their base level after 7 days of treatment. The activities of hexokinase (HK), 2,3-diphosphoglycerate phosphatase (2,3-DPG Pase), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD) and aldehyde reductase II (AR II) declined markedly, whereas those of pyruvate kinase (PK) and aldose reductase increased as a result of PD ingestion. The changes in the activities of 2,3-DPG Pase and LDH were persistent up to 8 days post-treatment. The [14C]glucose flux through glycolysis and the hexose monophosphate shunt pathway in erythrocytes was found to be lowered (P < 0.001) in response to PD treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Certain erythrocyte constituents in subjects having subnormal glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity.

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Adult↗