Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M K Ali

Publications and source records attributed to M K Ali.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Defective serum chemotactic capacity in rheumatoid arthritis.

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) chemotaxis and serum chemoattractant ability were studied in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) employing the agarose plate technique. No statistically significant differences were observed in random migration of unstimulated cells compared to the controls. Moreover, there were no statistically significant differences between the chemotactic migration of control and patient cells in response to a number of non-treated sera. The chemotactic responsiveness of normal PMN cells to treated rheumatoid serum was significantly less than that observed using treated control serum with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. The possible explanation for this abnormality may be due to the presence of chemotactic inhibitors in some RA serum. No correlation was detected between chemoattractant activity of rheumatoid arthritis serum, circulating immune complexes or rheumatoid factor. There were no statistically significant differences in the adhesiveness of RA-PMNs compared to normal PMNs.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1983

Regional and overall pulmonary function changes in lung cancer. Correlations with tumor stage, extent of pulmonary resection, and patient survival.

Spirometry and regional pulmonary function studies using xenon 133 gas were performed in 251 patients who had primary lung cancer. Surgical resection was undertaken in 150 while the remainder were treated with nonsurgical modalities. Pulmonary function studies were repeated postoperatively in 54 patients. Regional ventilation and perfusion of the tumor-bearing lung were decreased in patients with larger primary tumors and in those with involvement of ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes. Reduced regional function was also directly related to the proximity of the primary tumor to the hilum. Significant hypoperfusion did not contraindicate operation in 14 patients; however, 13 of them required pneumonectomy. Estimated postoperative forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1.0), derived from preoperative spirometry and regional function of the tumor-bearing lung, correlated well with the measured postoperative values. These estimations were valuable in determining the extent of safe resection and correlated well with short-term survival. Long-term survival correlated better with the stage of disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Open chest resuscitation for cardiopulmonary arrest related to mechanical impairment of circulation: a report of two cases.

Cardiac arrest is most commonly encountered as the end result of severe derangements in metabolic homeostasis. These derangements may include toxic, ischemic, or electrophysiological causes of circulatory and/or respiratory arrests. Occasionally, mechanical obstruction or impediment to circulation may cause cardiac arrest, and forms of resuscitation other than closed chest massage may be required to remove or relieve obstruction. Two cases of cardiac arrest due to mechanical impairment of blood flow are presented. Both occurred during thoracic invasive procedures, and in both cases, the usual externally applied closed chest resuscitative measures were not, and could not have been effective. Emergency thoracotomy promptly restored functional hemodynamics, and allowed the potential for definitive therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Clinical and pharmacologic investigation of the effects of alpha-tocopherol on adriamycin cardiotoxicity.

Our data indicate that alpha-tocopherol used in an oral dose of 2 g/m2 daily results in a six- to eightfold increase of the vitamin E levels in serum. The occurrence of congestive heart failure in three patients and the observation of significant pathologic changes in endomyocardial biopsies in approximately half of the patients treated with a median cumulative adriamycin dose level of 550 mg/m2 indicate that alpha-tocopherol does not offer substantial protection against adriamycin-induced cardiac toxicity. The antitumor activity of the drug, however, is not compromised by the concomitant administration of the vitamin.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Inhibition of polymorphonuclear leukocyte migration by sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

The migration of peripheral polymorphonclear leukocytes (PMN) of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and normal controls was studied using autologous sera and homologous rheumatoid positive and negative sera. A significant inhibition of cells from RA patients was observed using autologous or homologous rheumatoid sera in contrast to patients' PMN exposed to control sera in which no significant migration inhibition was detected. Negative results were observed when rheumatoid sera were used with PMN from normal controls. No correlation was found between the degree of PMN migration inhibition and the titer of rheumatoid factor. The results of these studies indicate that mononuclear cells in rheumatoid patients have varying degrees of sensitization to certain factor(s) in rheumatoid sera.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1982

Studies of phagocytic cell function in rheumatoid arthritis. I. Phagocytic and metabolic activities of neutrophils.

The polymorphonuclear cells (PMN's) of 20 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were analyzed for endocytic ability and metabolic capacity and were compared to those from a healthy control group over short intervals. The results of these studies indicate that the phagocytic activity (PA) and the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye reduction were significantly decreased in RA patients after 30 minutes of incubation. The rheumatoid patients showed a higher percentage of band cells and hypersegmented nuclei of their peripheral blood PMN's (PB-PMN's). No correlation was found between neutrophil functions and other parameters of the rheumatoid disease activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Studies of phagocytic functions in rheumatoid arthritis. II. Effects of serum factors on phagocytic and metabolic activities of neutrophils.

A previous article has shown a diminished phagocytic and intracellular metabolic activity of the polymorphonuclear cells (PMN's) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). No correlation was found between PMN's functions with either clinical or laboratory expression of disease activity. In the present study the effects of rheumatoid sera on PMN's functions were investigated and the results revealed significant inhibition of phagocytic activity (PA) and nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye reduction capacity of cells from RA as well as from a normal (N) control group. The number of PMN's showing aggregated latex particles on their surfaces was significantly higher in RA patient groups in the presence of rheumatoid sera. PMN's from N and RA groups were lysed in the presence of rheumatoid sera, with more significant destruction of RA-PMN's. No correlation was found between the PMN's function and the amount of circulating immune complexes (CIC's) or rheumatoid factor (RF). Significantly lower concentration of complement (C4) levels and higher IgA mean values were observed in the patient group compared to the standard values. The mechanism(s) underlying the impaired PA and NBT reduction may be due to defective intrinsic cell function as well as the extra cellular effects of blocking or lytic factors present in rheumatoid sera.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1980

Predicting loss of pulmonary function after pulmonary resection for bronchogenic carcinoma.

Studies of regional pulmonary function using radioactive 133xenon gas and spirometric tests (forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in the first second) were performed before and after unilateral pulmonary resection for cancer of the lung. Ninety-one patients were evaluated; 47 underwent total pneumonectomy, and 44 underwent lobectomy. The postoperative serial evaluations were classified into short-term and long-term studies (less than or more than three months, respectively). The preoperative and postoperative data were utilized to derive formulas for predicting an estimate of the overall functional loss after pulmonary resection based on the number of segments removed. The correlation between the predicted and measured postoperative values was good for resections involving more than three segments (r = 0.83). Prediction for smaller resections was unreliable. While both regional and overall pulmonary functions were relatively stable after pneumonectomy, there was a disproportionate early loss, followed by significant functional improvement with time following lobectomy. The anticipation of and preparation for this early loss of function may be crucial in the treatment of these patients.

Carcinoma, Bronchogenic↗
PubMed1979

Respiratory failure in cancer patients.

A review of 180 cancer patients requiring mechanical ventilation disclosed that 26% survived to extubation, and 13% and 7% were alive at two and six months, respectively. Mortality was related to several factors individually and the cumulative number of organ systems dysfunctioning in a given patient. Compared with general intensive care patients, those with respiratory failure and neoplastic disease demonstrated a high incidence of drug-induced pulmonary disease, hematologic abnormalities, pneumothorax, and infections with multiple and unusual organisms--all of which alter the approach to management. Although the long-term survival was poor, immediate survival was comparable with that of many groups of patients with respiratory failure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Electrocardiographic changes after adriamycin chemotherapy.

The electrocardiograms of 146 patients with metastatic carcinoma of the breast were reviewed before, during, and after the patients received Adriamycin (Doxorubicin) chemotherapy (AD). The most significant electrocardiographic change occurred in the amplitude of the QRS voltage. Seven patients developed cardiomyopathy after AD and showed a significant decrease in QRS voltage. This decrease, however, was more severe at the onset of congestive heart failure that at conclusion of Adriamycin. In 35 patients with pleural effusion, there was an inverse relation between the extent of the effusion and the amplitude of QRS voltage in the absence of congestive heart failure. These results indicate that 1) the sudden and relatively severe decrease in QRS voltage with the onset of CHF limits the value of this ECG criterion for predicting early Adriamycin toxicity, and 2) caution should be exercised in the interpretation of QRS voltage changes in patients with significant pleural effusion.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Acute cardiac toxicity of antineoplastic agents as the first manifestation of pheochromocytoma.

A 47-year-old male with histiocytic lymphoma and no previous history of heart disease developed significant fluctuations of blood pressure, electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial ischemia, and life-threatening arrhythmia after the first dose of BACOP (bleomycin, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, and prednisone) chemotherapy. The presence of pheochromocytoma was suspected, and it was demonstrated by elevated urinary metanephrines, catecholamines, and vanillylmandelic acid, and finally confirmed on autopsy. The possible role of chemotherapeutic agents in stimulating excessive catecholamine release, thus causing transient cardiac injury, is suggested.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Regional pulmonary function in scimitar syndrome.

Analysis of regional pulmonary function distribution using radioactive 133xenon gas and eight scintillation detectors was performed in a patient with scimitar syndrome. Zonal ventilation per unit of lung volume within the slightly hypoplastic right lung was normal. The pulmonary blood flow to the lower right zone was significantly reduced due to aberrant systemic arterial supply to the right lower lobe. The 133xenon technique provides a simple nontraumatic method of evaluating the functional integrity of the right lung in this cardiopulmonary syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Radiation-related myocardial injury. Management of two cases.

Pericardial effusion and trifascicular block developed 5 years following mediastinal irradiation for Hodgkin's disease in a 19-year-old patient. Another 24-year-old patients had an acute myocardial infarction followed by severe angina pectoris 5 years following mediastinal irradiation for the same disease. A pericardial window and a permanent demand pacemaker were used in the first case; an aorto-coronary vein grafting was utilized in the second patient. Both patients responded to treatment and are well. Five other previously reported cases of myocardial injury that occurred 2 months to 8 years following mediastinal irradiation in young patients were reviewed. To our knowledge, successful surgical treatment of this disease entity has not been reported before. Close, long-term follow-up of patients who have received mediastinal irradiation should be helpful in the early recognition and successful management of these serious cardiac complications. The systematic clinical and radiographic surveilance of these patients should be supplemented by a routine 12-lead electrocardiogram.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Regional pulmonary function before and after pneumonectomy using 133xenon.

Regional pulmonary function studies using 133xenon gas, spirometry, and arterial blood gas levels were performed before and 1 to 47 months after pneumonectomy for bronchogenic carcinoma in 27 patients. The mean loss in forced vital capacity was more after right pneumonectomy (44.9 percent of preoperative value) than after left lung resection (41.4 percent). There was no significant change in regional pulmonary function distribution within the remaining lung in 24 patients. Two patients developed significant changes in regional pulmonary blood flow; one had hepatic cirrhosis, and the other sustained a myocardial infarction after pneumonectomy. The third patient with significant apical hyperperfusion before pneumonectomy gradually developed abnormal distribution of ventilation concomitant with electrocardiographic evidence of cor pulmonale within two years after pneumonectomy. The mean ventilation of the apical zones was significantly lower than the mean of 14 healthy subjects. This finding and the higher incidence of ventilatory defects were related to old age and heavy smoking. Seven patients with marked reduction of pulmonary blood flow to the tumor-bearing lung (9 to 33 percent of cardiac output) had technically successful pneumonectomy. A formula and nomogram were developed to estimate the prognostically significant forced expiratory volume in one second after pneumonectomy from the preoperative studies.

Age Factors↗