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Biomedical subjects

M Jung

Publications and source records attributed to M Jung.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Hemorheology in systemic ultrahigh-dose thrombolytic therapy with streptokinase and urokinase.

The course of fibrinogen (Fgen), red cell aggregation (RCA), plasma viscocity (PV), platelet aggregation (PA) and hematocrit (Hc) was studied in patients with ultrahigh - dose thrombolytic therapy (1.5 x 10(6) units/hour for 6 hours = 1 cycle) with streptokinase (SK) or urokinase (UK) over a period of 3 cycles. Both ultrahigh - dose SK and UK produced significant changes in the course of Fgen, RCA and PV, whereas PA (spontaneous and ADP-induced) and Hc remained unchanged. After termination of each cycle Fgen progressively increased while RCA and PV further decreased. The extent of alteration in cycle 1 - concerning the baseline values - was more pronounced with SK than with UK, but the overall effect of SK decreased through the consecutive cycles because of more rapid increase during the SK-free period. In UK-therapy hemorheological alterations were initially moderate but increased from cycle to cycle.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Accidental overdose of mitoxantrone in three patients.

Mitoxantrone is a new effective antineoplastic agent with activity against a wide range of tumors. Compared with the anthracycline drugs doxo- and daunorubicin, it exhibits a clearly lower toxicity and, most importantly, a reduced cardiotoxicity. The analysis of the side-effects recorded after accidental overdosage of the drug gives additional insight into its tolerability. Here we describe our observations in three patients who inadvertently received 100 mg m-2 (two pts) and 183 mg m-2 (one pt) as single slow bolus injections. The main side-effects were moderate nausea and vomiting, shaking chills, and profound but reversible neutro- and thrombocytopenia. There was no immediate cardiac toxicity. One patient with extensive previous daunomycin exposure developed congestive heart failure after 4 months. Two patients were not evaluable for late cardiac complications because of early death due to tumor progression.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Platelet deposition at angioplasty sites and its relation to restenosis in human iliac and femoropopliteal arteries.

The amount and time course of platelet accumulation at angioplasty sites and influence of these platelets on restenosis after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in peripheral arteries were determined in 92 patients, who received either a high or low dose of aspirin. Platelet deposition was quantitated by means of dual-radiotracer scintigraphy and calculation of a platelet accumulation index (PAI). The PAI was higher (P less than .05) 4-6 hours after PTA compared with that on subsequent days. There was a trend toward greater platelet accumulation in vessels with extensive dissection. Platelet accumulation at the PTA site occurred with both doses of aspirin, with no differences between the two dosage groups. Twenty-one of 67 patients who underwent PTA in the femoropopliteal segment developed restenosis during a median follow-up of 14 months. The median PAI at 4-6 and 22-24 hours after PTA was significantly less in these 21 patients than in the 46 without restenosis. The data suggest that use of antiplatelet agents to prevent platelet deposition after PTA may not be useful for prevention of restenosis.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1989

Deep vein thrombosis: scintigraphic diagnosis with In-111-labeled monoclonal antifibrin antibodies.

Fifty-two patients suspected of having deep vein thrombosis under-went scintigraphy with an indium-111-labeled monoclonal antifibrin antibody. Venography disclosed deep vein thrombosis in 31 patients. With the whole limb considered an anatomic entity, antifibrin antibody scintigrams obtained 2 hours after injection had a specificity and sensitivity of 81% and 84%, respectively. A higher sensitivity (92%) was found for a subgroup of patients (n = 44) with symptoms for less than 10 days. Regional sensitivities for all patients and for the subgroup, respectively, were 92% and 100% in the calf, 82% and 94% in the popliteal region, 63% and 71% in the thigh, and only 18% and 13% in the pelvis. Additional imaging performed 6 hours and 21 hours after injection in 12 patients and quantitative analysis done from scintigrams with and without blood-pool (technetium-99m human serum albumin) correction did not improve sensitivity. In-111-antifibrin antibody scintigraphy is an accurate method for diagnosis of acute established deep vein thrombosis of the calf and popliteal region; its sensitivity in the thigh is lower, and it is not feasible for diagnosis in the pelvic area.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Indium-111-labeled platelet scintigraphy in carotid atherosclerosis.

We evaluated platelet accumulation in carotid arteries by means of a dual-radiotracer method, using indium-111-labeled platelets and technetium-99m-labeled human serum albumin, in 123 patients (92 men, 31 women; median age 60 years). Sixty patients had symptoms of transient ischemic carotid artery disease, and 63 patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease served as controls. Antiplatelet treatment with acetylsalicylic acid was taken by 53 of the 123 patients. In 36 of the 60 symptomatic patients, platelet scintigraphy was repeated 3-4 days after carotid endarterectomy. Comparison of different scintigraphic parameters (platelet accumulation index and percent of the injected dose of labeled platelets at the carotid bifurcation) showed no significant differences between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, and the severity of stenosis and the presence of plaque ulceration also had no influence on the parameters. There was no difference between patients with a short (less than 4 weeks) or long (greater than 4 weeks) interval from the last transient ischemic attack to scintigraphy and no difference between patients with or without antiplatelet treatment. Classifying the patients according to plaque morphology judged by high-resolution real-time ultrasonography also demonstrated no differences. No significant correlation was found between any scintigraphic parameter and other platelet function parameters such as platelet survival time, platelet turnover rate, and concentration of platelet-specific proteins. Quantification of platelet deposition after carotid endarterectomy in 36 patients demonstrated a significant increase of the median platelet accumulation index and the percent injected dose index. There were no significant differences between patients receiving high-dose (1.0 g/day) or low-dose (1.0 g/day) acetylsalicylic acid in scintigraphic results.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Health effects during a smog episode in West Germany in 1985.

In January 1985 a smog period occurred for 5 days in parts of West Germany, including the Rhur District. Mortality (24,000 death certificates), morbidity in hospitals (13,000 hospital admissions, 5400 outpatients, 1500 ambulance transports) and consultations in doctors' offices (1,250,000 contacts) were studied for a 6-week period including the smog episode and a time interval before and thereafter. The study region was the State of North Rhine-Westfalia (16 million inhabitants), but the analysis is restricted to the comparison of the polluted area and a control area (6 million inhabitants each). During the smog period, mortality and morbidity in hospitals increased in the polluted area, but there was no substantial increase in the control area. The increases were for the total number of deaths 8 vs. 2% (polluted area vs. control area), for hospital admissions 15 vs. 3%, for outpatients 12 vs. 5% and for deliveries by ambulance to hospitals 28% in the polluted area (not investigated in the control area). The effects were more pronounced for cardiovascular diseases than for respiratory diseases. The consultations in doctors' offices show a slight decrease (-2 vs. -4%). Regression analysis shows a moderate influence of temperature, but a strong influence of ambient air pollution. The maxima of the ambient concentrations are more important on the same day, whereas the influence of the daily averages is more pronounced after a delay of 2 days. The results are discussed considering other possible confounders such as indoor pollution and psychogenic influences of the alarm situation. In total, the study suggests moderate health effects due to increased air pollution during the smog episode.

Acid Rain↗
PubMed1989

[A comparison of nursing students' attitudes about mental illness according to their year in college psychiatric nursing].

This descriptive-comparative study attempted to examine the differences according to the year in college of 288 junior college nursing students attitudes about mental illness. The instrument used for this study was the O.M.I (Opinion about Mental Illness) scale developed by Cohen and Struening. Data collection was done from the 27th to the 30th of September, 1988 by means of a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by computer, using the t-test and Analysis of Variance. The findings of this study are as follows: 1. Hypothesis I: "There will be a difference in attitudes toward mental illness according to the year in college." 1. "There will be a difference in the attitude about authoritarianism-according to the year in college" was rejected (F=.5675, P=.5676). 2. "There will be a difference in the attitude about benevolence-according to the year in college" was accepted (F=.5376, P=.5848). 3. "There will be a difference in the attitude about mental hygiene ideology-according to" was accepted (F=17.3497, P=.0000). 4. "There will be a difference in the attitude about social restrictiveness-according to" was rejected (F=1.7416, P=.1771). 5. "There will be a difference in the attitude about interpersonal etiology-according to" was accepted (F=10.8597, P=.0000). 2. Hypothesis II: "There will be difference in attitudes toward mental illness" according to whether or not the student has had clinical practice in the psychiatirc ward. 1. There will be a difference in the attitudes about authoritarianism-according to "whether or not the student's have had clinical practice in the psychiatric ward was rejected (t=.59, p=.555). 2. "Whether they have had clinical practice at the psychiatric ward or not, there will be difference in the attitudes about benevolence" was rejected (t=1.34, p=.182). 3. "Whether they have had clinical practice at the psychiatric ward or not, there will be difference of the mental hygiene ideology attitude" was accepted (t=2.72, p=.008). 4. "Whether they have had clinical practice at the psychiatric ward or not, there will be difference of the social restrictiveness-attitude" was rejected (t=-.59, p=.557). 5. "Whether they have had clinical practice at the psychiatric ward or not, there will be difference of the interpersonal etiology-attitude" was accepted (t=3.55, p=.001). In conclusion, it was found that the higher the year in College, the more positive the attitudes are about mental hygiene ideology and interpersonal etiology. This study suggests that more positive attitudes about psychiatric illness can be induced by a more effective educational experience.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1988

Lack of influence of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (100 mg daily) on platelet survival time, beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease.

In this study we investigated the influence of low-dose (100 mg daily) acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on 111-In-platelet survival time (PST) and on plasma levels of beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) and platelet factor 4 (PF 4) in 30 patients (median age: 60 years) with arteriographically proven peripheral arterial occlusive disease in a chronic stable phase. We observed no significant changes of PST during therapy with ASA (weighted mean: 169.8----166 [median] hours; multiple hit: 168.3----170.6 hours), and also the plasma levels of beta-TG (median: 31.8----32.3 ng/ml) and of PF 4 (3.6----3.9 ng/ml) remained unchanged.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Hypothermia in Hodgkin's disease after exploratory laparotomy.

Hypothermia is a rare complication of unknown origin in Hodgkin's disease which has been reported after the administration of antineoplastic agents, chlorpromazine and paracetamol. We report a highly febrile patient with stage IV-B Hodgkin's disease of mixed cellularity type who underwent exploratory laparotomy. Because of suspected septic shock high-dose prednisolone was given during surgery. Postoperatively the patient's body temperature fell progressively to 32.9 degrees C and remained at less then 35.5 degrees C for the following 5 days. There seems to be some functional disorder of thermoregulation in Hodgkin's disease. Physical factors during surgery or certain drugs, especially cytotoxics, corticosteroids, anesthetics or antipyretics may lead to prolonged hypothermia.

Body Temperature Regulation↗
PubMed1988

[Hemorheology and acute phase reaction following thrombendarterectomy of the extracranial carotid artery].

In 39 patients with hemodynamically significant stenoses of the internal carotid artery thrombendarterectomy was performed. Hemorheological properties and plasma protein levels were studied pre- and postoperatively over a period of 14 days. In comparison to age-matched healthy controls preoperative plasma viscosity, red cell aggregation, fibrinogen, haptoglobin and alpha-1-antitrypsin were significantly elevated. After surgical trauma there was an increase in fibrinogen, alpha-1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin, whereas alpha-2-macroglobulin, immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G decreased significantly. Plasma viscosity, red cell aggregation, red cell filterability, fibronectin and immunoglobulin M remained unchanged. We conclude that our patients showed a non specific chronic "hematological stress syndrome" with raised acute phase reactants and corresponding hemorheological changes preoperatively; despite postoperative acute phase reaction no further deterioration of the rheological parameters could be observed; this might be caused by a decrease of plasma proteins with high frictional ratios compensating the increase of acute phase proteins. Besides, tissue damage and consecutive acute phase reaction in carotid arterial surgery seem to be of relatively minor degree.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1988

Day to day reproducibility of Doppler sonographic measurements in patients with valvular aortic stenosis.

High reproducibility of Doppler gradient measurements is necessary for both the reliable noninvasive assessment of the severity of aortic stenosis and for repeated follow-up examinations in individual patients. We therefore studied day to day reproducibility of Doppler sonographically measured peak pressure drops in 46 patients with valvular aortic stenosis. Clinically stable patients were examined twice within 29 +/- 18.2 days by the same examiner. Peak pressure drop (PPD) and peak flow velocity differed between the two examinations by 8.6 +/- 7.0 (range 0-29) mmHg and by 0.25 +/- 0.18 (range 0-0.7) m/s, respectively. Reproducibility was comparable in patients with excellent, good, and moderate quality examinations, but was lower in the 6 patients with poor quality examination. Variability of PPD, but not of peak flow velocity was higher (p less than 0.05) in patients with severe (PPD greater than 60 mmHg) stenosis. Reproducibility was comparable in patients with or without concomitant aortic incompetence and in patients with normal or reduced left ventricular function. Similar reproducibility was obtained in patients with heart rate changes below or above 10 beats/min between the two examinations. It is concluded that good reproducibility of Doppler measurements in patients with aortic stenosis allows reliable noninvasive assessment of the severity of the stenosis. In follow-up studies of patients with mild to moderate aortic stenosis increases in peak flow velocity in excess of 15% (mean day to day variability +2 SD) are highly indicative of the true progress of the stenosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Pharmacological characterization of the physostigmine stimulus in rats.

Rats were trained to discriminate 0.10 mg/kg SC physostigmine from saline in a two-lever food-reinforced task. There was generalization to the acetylcholine esterase inhibitor THA as well as to the muscarinic receptor agonists arecoline, oxotremorine and RS 86, but not to neostigmine or nicotine. The physostigmine cue was blocked by SC scopolamine hydrobromide and by ICV pirenzepine, but not by scopolamine methylbromide or by mecamylamine. These antagonism studies suggest that the discriminative cue elicited by physostigmine might be mainly mediated by central M1 receptors.

Animals↗