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Biomedical subjects

M Jung

Publications and source records attributed to M Jung.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities in suspected Oddi's sphincter dysfunction].

Endoscopic manometry and quantitative cholescintigraphy are the diagnostic cornerstones for the detection of suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. In patients with recurrent biliary pain after cholecystectomy, endoscopic manometry proves an elevated sphincter of Oddi baseline pressure as the most common finding. The probability for the detection of an elevated baseline pressure in these patients is significantly correlated with the presence of certain clinical features (i.e. biliary pain and/or cholestasis and/or dilated bile duct and/or delayed drainage of contrast material after ERCP). Therefore, these features enable a clinical classification of patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. Isolated baseline pressure elevations in the pancreatic portion of the sphincter of Oddi were reported in patients with recurrent, idiopathic, acute pancreatitis. In patients with biliary sphincter dysfunction, therapeutic relief can be expected from pharmacological therapy, but controlled studies are lacking. However, the clinical value of endoscopic sphincterotomy could be established in this field. Despite endoscopic manometry is not a prerequisite for the performance fo endoscopic sphincterotomy in every case of suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, in most patients endoscopic manometry allows the only definitive diagnosis of sphincter dysfunction. Further on, the clinical value of semi-invasive methods as alternative treatment strategies (i.e. botulinum-toxin, transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation, balloon dilation) for sphincter of Oddi dysfunction has to be evaluated in the future.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

Modification of the radiosensitivity of human testicular cancer cells by simian virus 40 sequences.

CRL7800 cells are of human testicular cancer origin and are sensitive to killing by ionizing radiation. After transfection with a plasmid expressing the T-antigen (pSC), cells show enhanced growth and an increased resistance to ionizing radiation. Cell cycle analysis reveals perturbation of a cell cycle checkpoint which, after irradiation, results in an increase in G2-phase arrest in CRL7800VA cells. These experiments demonstrate the modulation of radiation sensitivity and cell cycle arrest of human tumor cells by the introduction of viral genes.

Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming↗
PubMed1994

[Treatment of displaced and comminuted multifragment fractures of the head of the radius: is resection a therapeutic option?].

The treatment of displaced comminuted fractures of the radial head type III of the Mason classification is still controversial. The restoration of anatomy including additional lesions with a stable fixation is a prerequisite of early mobilisation. Removal of the radial head, in case of severe comminution, and complete separation of the fragments from the radial neck remain the exception. Insertion of a prosthesis as a spacer is only recommended if there is a remaining instability of the elbow after resection of the radial head. With this treatment modality we have 22/29 good to very good results evaluated by the Morrey score after a follow-up period of 8 years (4-11 years).

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Potentially dangerous moments in use of esophageal balloon tamponade. 4 case reports with critical analysis of the literature].

In general, balloon tamponade is still part of the therapy of bleeding esophageal varices, despite effective sclerotherapy. Four case reports demonstrate that the application of balloon tamponade may be associated with severe complications. Moreover, a critical analysis of the literature shows a very different handling with respect to volume of gastric balloon, duration of blockade and traction to the tube. To prevent serious side effects, a safe way is described in detail when using balloon tamponade.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

NAD-binding site of the C3-like ADP-ribosyltransferase from Clostridium limosum.

Treatment of the Rho-ADP-ribosylating C3-like transferase from Clostridium limosum by ultraviolet irradiation in the presence of [carbonyl-14C]NAD incorporated 1 mol of label/mol of exoenzyme. Concomitantly, the transferase and NAD glycohydrolase activity was impaired. A peptide containing the radiolabel was obtained by proteolysis with either staphylococcal protease V8 or trypsin. Their amino acid sequences were Ala/Asp-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Glu-Pro-Ile-Ser-Thr-Phe-Lys-Gly-Gln-Leu-X-Val-Leu-Le u-Pro- Arg and Gly-Gln-Leu-X-Val-Leu-Leu-Pro-Arg, respectively. These sequences correspond with regions Ala-160 through Arg-179 and Gly-171 through Arg-179, respectively, of the very similar Clostridium botulinum C3 transferase, with X being Glu in the unlabeled enzyme. This identifies the glutamic acid residue that corresponds to Glu-174 of C. botulinum C3 transferase as part of the NAD-binding site of the catalytic center of the C. limosum exoenzyme.

ADP Ribose Transferases↗
PubMed1993

Identification of multiple repeat sequences and transcription-related elements within introns 4, 8 and 9 of human Raf-1.

Oncogenic activation of the human c-raf-1 protein (Raf-1) occurs by truncation of its aminoterminus (regulatory domain) and retention of the carboxyterminus (kinase domain). To gain insight into the structure of human raf-1 genomic DNA corresponding to the regulatory domain of Raf-1, we analyzed the nucleotide sequences of introns 4, 8, and 9. Very high frequencies of the direct and indirect repeats, and A/T nucleotides were observed within introns 4, 8, and 9; and the DNA sequences, 5'-TTAGTCA-3' and 5'-TGATTCA-3', like the DNA recognition site of transcription factor AP-1, were identified within intron 4 of raf-1 in human normal and tumor DNAs. In addition, several transcriptional elements (CAAT box, TATA sequences, eukaryotic transcription initiation sites, and cellular transcriptional elements) were found within introns 4, 8, and 9 of human raf-1. These data suggest: 1) the high frequency of intron-specific repeats is a possible recombinational mechanism for derivation of truncated oncogenic forms of Raf-1; and 2) the multiple transcriptional elements within introns 4, 8, and 9 may have important implications in the regulation of raf-1 transcription and, therefore, its role in cell growth and proliferation.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Astrocytes and neurons regulate the expression of the neural recognition molecule janusin by cultured oligodendrocytes.

Janusin (formerly designated J1-160/180) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein highly homologous to tenascin, consisting of two major molecular forms of 160 and 180 kD expressed by oligodendrocytes and in myelin. Janusin expression is upregulated during myelination and in the adult it remains expressed at lower levels. It is also present at the node of Ranvier, where myelin, axon, and astrocytic process are in close contact. To gain an understanding of the regulatory mechanisms which may underlie expression of janusin, the differentiation stage-dependent expression of janusin was studied in cultures enriched in mouse oligodendrocytes and their precursor cells. Expression of janusin by these cells was highest on both A2B5+ and O4+/O1- oligodendroglial precursor cells and a subset of myelin associated glycoprotein-positive (MAG+) oligodendrocytes. Hardly any of the more differentiated O1+ or O10+ oligodendrocytes expressed janusin. Expression of janusin was influenced by co-culture with astrocytes or neurons. Astrocytes or astrocytic-conditioned culture supernatants elevated the expression of janusin by the more differentiated oligodendrocytes (O1+ or MAG+ cells), while its expression by oligodendroglial precursor cells was relatively unchanged. Platelet-derived growth factor, but not basic fibroblast growth factor, also elevated the expression of janusin by O1+ or O10+ oligodendrocytes. In contrast, co-culture with neurons originating from dorsal root ganglia or spinal cord decreased the expression of cell-bound janusin by oligodendrocytes and their precursor cells. These observations indicate that expression of janusin on these cells in culture is susceptible to opposing regulatory influences from astrocytes and neurons. Such influences may modulate the temporal and spatial distribution of janusin in the developing and adult central nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Biliary lithotripsy with a new electromagnetic shock wave source. A 2-year clinical experience.

During a two-year study period 170 consecutive patients with gallbladder stones, suitable for lithotripsy, were treated with a new electromagnetic lithotriptor (Modulith) and oral bile acids; 142 patients were treated as outpatients. Sufficient fragmentation were obtained in 94% when 2112 +/- 137 shocks in 211 sessions with an energy setting of 17.8 +/- 0.8 kV were administered. Only 4/170 patients needed transient analgesia. Overall, side effects were transient and mild, but three patients developed biliary pancreatitis, which was treated by endoscopic sphincterotomy in two of them. A total of 67/100 patients were free of stones after one year. Subgroup analysis showed that 80% of the patients (stone diameter 5-20 mm), 64% (20-30 mm) and 65% (multiple stones), respectively, can expected to be free of stones after 12 months. In addition, 25 patients with large, endoscopically not extractable common bile duct stones were treated by lithotripsy with the Modulith. After endoscopic placement of a nasobiliary tube, stone targeting was possible by ultrasonography in 14 patients and by fluoroscopy in another 11 cases. In 23 of the 25 patients (92%) stone clearance by endoscopy was achieved after application of 2516 +/- 565 shocks with an energy preset of 18 kV. One patient refused further endoscopic procedures after successful fragmentation and another required local stone dissolution therapy. Side effects occurred more frequently (P < 0.05) after lithotripsy of bile duct stones than of gallbladder stones, but they were without major clinical relevance. The new lithotriptor Modulith thus enables safe and highly effective lithotripsy of gallbladder calculi on an outpatient basis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Otoacoustic emissions in full-term newborns at risk for hearing loss.

Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOEs) and click-evoked otoacoustic emissions (CEOEs) characteristics of the normal newborn population have been previously reported in the literature. There is little information about DPOE evaluations in the newborn population at risk for hearing loss. The authors now report the DPOE and/or CEOE data from six full-term subjects at risk for hearing loss or with highly suspected hearing loss. These subjects were less than 1 year of age and at risk for hearing loss secondary to a history of hereditary hearing loss, meningitis, hyperbilirubinemia, and ototoxic drug exposure. Audiometric evaluation included auditory brainstem responses (ABR), behavioral observation audiometry, and tympanometry. The CEOEs and DPOEs were found to be decreased or absent in the subjects with suspected hearing loss secondary to cochlear pathology; they were found to be normal in a subject with a suspected central hearing loss. This study's data suggest that otoacoustic emissions when combined with ABR can provide a frequency-specific evaluation of cochlear function and help determine the anatomic site of a pathologic lesion.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1993

[The common channel syndrome in adults].

Congenital abnormalities of the distal bile and pancreatic duct occur predominantly as a long common channel. A common channel of more than 15 mm is considered abnormal, since the length allows a reflux of pancreatic secretion into the bile duct and vice versa. The very rare occurrence of a long common channel syndrome in adults has been observed in two female patients (24 and 58 years old). Both presented cholangitis and/or pancreatitis. Diagnosis was established by ERCP. The definitive therapy in both cases was hepatico-jejunal anastomosis which improved symptoms in both patients. Endoscopic sphincterotomy is unsatisfactory since it does not cut the entire common channel. The rare etiology of a long common channel in patients with cholangitis and pancreatitis is safely verified by ERCP and safely cured by surgical intervention.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Mutations in the p53 gene in radiation-sensitive and -resistant human squamous carcinoma cells.

Five of six human squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines characterized as radiation sensitive (SQ-38, SCC-9, SQ-9G) or radiation resistant (SQ-20B, SCC-35, JSQ-3) exhibited alterations of the p53 gene. The point mutations and a deletion were detected by using single-stranded conformational polymorphism analysis and polymerase chain reaction-direct sequencing. Interestingly, three of three radiation-sensitive and two of three radiation-resistant cell lines revealed mutations in the p53 gene. Point mutations were located in exons 4, 6, and 8 (at codons 72 and 298 in JSQ-3; 273 in SCC-35; 196 in SQ-38), and deletions consisted of 32 base pairs between codons 274 and 285 in SCC-9 and 1 base pair at codon 271 in SQ-9G. Three mutations resulted in substitutions for an arginine residue. Immunocytochemical analysis confirmed p53 protein overexpression in SCC-35 cells which contained a missense mutation at codon 273. In contrast to previous studies which linked alterations in ras, myc, and raf expression with radiation resistance, this study indicates that mutations in the tumor suppressor gene, p53, do not directly correlate with such resistance.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗