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Biomedical subjects

M Jouvet

Publications and source records attributed to M Jouvet.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Single unit recordings in the nuclei raphe dorsalis and magnus during the sleep-waking cycle of semi-chronic prepared cats.

Single unit recordings were performed in the nuclei raphe dorsalis (RD) and raphe magnus (RM) of semi-chronic prepared cats during spontaneous or cryogenically induced sleep. Of the RD neurons 75% showed a discharge pattern which decreased during slow wave sleep and paradoxical sleep (PS); such a decrease in spiking was related to the occurrence of ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) waves. to the contrary, 78% of the RM neurons demonstrated a discharge pattern which significantly increased during PS, and especially when PGO waves were present.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1981

Increased sleep time in the offspring of caffeine-treated dams from two inbred strains of mice.

Dams from two inbred strains of mice (C57BR and BALB/c) were treated with caffeine in solution in their drinking water during gestation. Doses of caffeine used corresponded to about 60, 80 or 100 mg/kg/day; controls received tap water. The offspring (as adults) revealed a significantly increased sleep time following caffeine treatment, but primarily as slow wave sleep in the males of the BALB/c strain and paradoxical sleep in the females of the C57BR strain. BALB/c females and C57BR males were relatively unaffected. These results, and in particular the sex differences, are discussed in terms of a possible central site of action of caffeine.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Local brain consumption of glucose during waking and slow wave sleep in the cat].

Local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) was measured during spontaneous waking and slow wave sleep (SWS) by adaptation of the [14C] deoxyglucose method to the unrestrained Cat. During waking LCGU ranges from 12 micromoles. 100g-1.mn-1 for white matter to 113 for the inferior colliculus. During SWS most regions exhibit higher levels of LCGU. Thus it appears that there is no decrease of cerebral metabolic activity during SWS in the Cat.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Gestational caffeine modifies offspring behaviour in mice.

Dams from two strains of mice, BALB/c C57BR were tested during gestation with caffeine, at doses of about 60, 80 and 100 mg/kg/day, in their drinking water. The resulting offspring were behaviourally tested over a 6-month period commencing at age 9 months. When compared with controls, mice from dams that had received caffeine demonstrated longer latencies in a passive avoidance test, and differences were also noted for female C57BR offspring in activity and habituation measures. Having controlled as far as possible for post-natal maternal and environmental effects, the most likely conclusion is that caffeine has a direct pharmacological action on the foetus, and should therefore be classed as a behavioural teratogen in mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

In vivo measurements by differential pulse voltammetry of extra-cellular 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the rat brain.

The use of differential pulse voltammetry, performed with electrochemically treated carbon fiber electrodes, enables us to detect in vitro or in vivo, in the striatum of anaesthetized rats, an oxidation peak (3) at a potential of + 300 mV. Electrolytic or 5-7-dihydroxytryptamine lesions of the medial forebrain bundle are followed by a decrease of 59 and 62% respectively of this peak. Biochemical measurements are significantly correlated with the measured peak (3) and decreases. Thus, peak (3) increases obtained after injection of L-tryptophan and/or Reserpine, as well as the decreases observed after injection of Clorgyline or 3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine, confirm that peak (3) is dependent upon 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentration. The detection of a peak (3) in the cerebrospinal fluid and its increase after injection of Probenecid reinforce this conclusion.

5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine↗
PubMed1980

[Insomnia induced by P-chlorophenylalanine in cats. Its reversibility by intraventricular injections of indolamines].

Intraventricular injection of 250 microgram of 5 HTP induces both slow wave and paradoxical sleep, after 20-60 min. latencies, in insomniac Cats pretreated with P-chlorophenylalanine. Direct injections of 5 HTP in several brain stem structures do not induce sleep. The long latency or paradoxical sleep induction and its suppression with chloramphenicol suggest that indolamines are not directly responsible for paradoxical sleep, but that they act by controlling the synthesis and/or the liberation in the periventricular system of some specific paradoxical sleep inducing factor.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1980

Absence of light-dark entrainment on the sleep-waking cycle in mice with intact visual perception.

The influence of the light-dark schedule (12 h-12 h) on the sleep-waking cycle has been studied in anophthalmic mice: the 'eyeless' ZRDCT/An strain. The complete anophthalmic mice or the heterozygotous mice of the same strain with unilateral or bilateral eyeballs present a circadian organization of the sleep-waking cycle which is not dependent on the light-dark cycle. These results are different from sleep rhythms of C57Br mice recorded under the same experimental conditions. They indicate that the structures responsible for the circadian rhythmicity of sleep exist in all the 'eyeless' ZRDCT/An mice, but are not functionally linked with the visual system even in the mice with unilateral and bilateral eyeballs.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

In vivo electrochemical detection of catechols in the neostriatum of anaesthetized rats: dopamine or DOPAC?

Electroanalytical techniques for the in vivo measurement of neurotransmitters in brain tissue have been applied especially to the catecholamines, which are easily oxidizable. Measurements are, however, complicated by the presence of ascorbic acid (AA) in brain tissue. Lane et al. have been able to circumvent this problem, at least in part, by the application of differential pulse voltametry (DPV) to a surface-modified platinum electrode, obtaining distinct oxidation current peaks in recordings from the rat neostriatum which are attributed to AA and to dopamine (DA), respectively, but which are also unstable. We have recently described a new type of electrode, consisting of a pyrolytic carbon fibre 8 micrometers thick and 0.5 mm long. We now report that the DPV method used in conjunction with an electrochemical treatment of this electrode yields stable and reproducible peaks in which catecholamines and AA are resolved from each other. Moreover, pharmacological investigations suggest that the catecholamine peak measured in vivo in the rat neostriatum should be attributed to 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), suggesting that our technique may be a useful means of following dopaminergic activity in vivo.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1980

[In vivo measurement, by differential pulse voltammetry, of 5-HIAA in the striatum of the rat].

Differential pulse voltammetry, performed with electrically treated carbon fiber electrodes, enables us to detect in vitro or in vivo in the striatum of anesthetized Rats, an oxidation peak 3 at a potential of +300 mV. Electrolytic, or 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine lesions of the medial forebrain bundle are followed by a decrease of respectively 59 and 62% of this peak. Biochemical measurements are significantly correlated to the measured peaks 3 and troughs. Thus, peak 3 increases obtained after injection of L-tryptophane and/or reserpine, as well as the troughs observed after injection of clorgyline and/or NSD 1015 confirm that the peak 3 is dependent upon 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) concentration.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[In vivo voltametric measurement of ascorbic acid and DOPAC in the striatum of the rat and guinea-pig].

Differential pulse voltammetry was performed with electrochemically treated carbon fiber electrodes. By this technique, ascorbic acid and catechol compounds were resolved in vitro in two distinct peaks. Similar oxidation peaks were obtained in vivo from the striatum of Rats and Guinea-Pigs. From electrochemical and pharmacological observations it is suggested that they correspond to the oxidation of extracellular ascorbic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid (DOPAC).

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗