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Biomedical subjects

M Jordan

Publications and source records attributed to M Jordan.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

A prospective, randomized trial of FK-506 in renal transplantation--a comparison between double- and triple-drug therapy.

Previous clinical evaluation of FK506 in renal transplantation has demonstrated equivalent patient and graft survival when compared with cyclosporine-based regimens. However, lower steroid and anti-hypertensive mediation requirements and lower serum cholesterol levels have been seen in patients receiving FK506. In August, 1991, a prospective, randomized trial was begun, comparing FK506/prednisone with FK506/azathioprine/prednisone. Two-hundred-and-four adults were entered into this trial between August 1, 1991, and October 11, 1992. The mean recipient age was 43.8 +/- 13.7 years, with a range of 17.6-78.0 years. Sixty-one (30%) recipients received a 2nd, 3rd or 4th transplant, while 35 (17%) had a PRA greater than 40% at the time of transplant. Thirty-three (16%) of the transplants were in recipients over 60 years of age, Thirteen percent of the kidneys were from living donors; 13% of the cadaveric kidneys were from pediatric donors less than 3 years of age and were transplanted en bloc. The mean cold ischemia time was 31.4 +/- 8.4 hours, and the mean donor age was 34 +/- 2.10 years, with a range from 4 months to 75 years. With a mean follow-up of 9 +/- 4 months, the 1-year actuarial patient survival is 93%; for the two-drug group it is 95%, and for the three-drug group it is 91% (p = NS). One-year actuarial graft survival is 86%; in the two-drug group it is 90%, while in the three-drug group it is 82% (p = NS).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1994

Renal transplantation at the University of Pittsburgh: the impact of FK506.

1. In an unselected adult renal transplant population, FK506 as the primary immunosuppressive agent yielded one- and 2-year actuarial patient survival rates of 95% and 93% and one- and 2-year actuarial graft survival rates of 89% and 83%, respectively. Forty-nine percent of successfully transplanted patients were weaned off steroids. 2. In pediatric renal transplant patients, FK506 has been associated with 100% one- and 3-year actuarial patient survival rates and 98% and 85% one- and 3-year actuarial graft survival rates, respectively. Sixty-two percent of successfully transplanted patients were taken off prednisone, with dramatic improvements in height. 3. FK506 has been used successfully in rescuing 70-74% of adult or pediatric renal transplant patients with an acute rejection that failed conventional therapy. 4. Kidney/bone marrow transplantation under FK506 therapy has been successfully performed without graft-versus-host disease and with routine augmentation of chimerism. 5. The side effects of FK506 included nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and diabetogenicity; they were comparable to those seen with CsA. 6. FK506 is an important new addition to the immunosuppressive armamentarium in renal transplant patients.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1994

Bomb-related injuries.

Between 1980 and 1990 there were 12,216 bombing incidents in the United States, the majority involving pipe-bomb type devices. Victims of such devices may suffer a combination of blast, penetrating, and thermal injuries requiring special surgical approaches. A series of cases is presented which illustrates the management dilemmas faced in such situations. Given the nationwide incidence of bombings, both local emergency medical systems and trauma surgeons should be prepared to deal with blast injuries, be aware of their regional incidence of bombings, and have a planned response that is coordinated with law enforcement agencies.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Three-dimensional computer modelling system for the study of biological structures.

A three-dimensional computer modelling system has been developed for use in biology, and is currently running on a Sun3 computer. The data originate as a series of two-dimensional micrographs which are digitised via a TV camera. The two-dimensional images are used to select features of interest and to construct a three-dimensional model. This model can be viewed in vector or solid format, it can be rotated about three orthogonal axes and can be viewed in three dimensions as a stereo pair or an anaglyph. The system has been used in a large number of projects over the past 10-15 years, for example, to examine physiological and nerve structures. The time-consuming part of the process is the selection of features, which involves a high level of biological expertise. Present developments are concerned with reduction of the time spent in feature recognition and involve the introduction of expert systems together with human-computer interaction to deal with problems of identification.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1993

Cyclical variation in endometrial oestrogen and progesterone receptors in women with normal menstruation and dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

The majority of women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding ovulate and have normal cyclical changes in gonadotrophins, oestrogen and progesterone. To investigate whether the hormonal milieu at tissue level is different in these women, we measured the endometrial concentration of oestrogen and progesterone receptors at various stages of the menstrual cycle in women with normal menstrual loss (< or = 80 ml/cycle, n = 40) and dysfunctional uterine bleeding (> 80 ml/cycle, n = 44). Menstrual blood loss was measured using the alkaline haematin method. Receptor levels were measured in nuclear and cytosol extracts of endometrium using solid phase immunoassays, based on monoclonal antibodies against receptor protein, which measure the bound and unbound fractions of the receptors. We found endometrial oestrogen (P < 0.01) and progesterone (P < 0.05) receptor levels were higher in the late secretory phase in women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding compared with women with normal menstrual loss. The receptor levels were the same in both groups at all other stages of the menstrual cycle. There was a strong positive correlation between the level of late secretory endometrial oestrogen receptor and measured menstrual blood loss (r = 0.81, P < 0.01). Increased local oestrogen effect is present in the premenstrual endometrium in dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Association between growth indicators and volume of lesions in lungs from pigs at slaughter.

Conflicting findings exist among studies on the effect of pneumonia on growth in pigs. We determined the extent of pneumonia in market-weight pigs by use of an objective, volumetric method and linear regression analyses of mean daily gain and days-to-slaughter weight on the percentage of pneumonic lung. In a range of extent of pneumonia between 1.33 and 70.44%, a 10% increase in the volume of pneumonic lung was associated with a decrease in mean daily gain by 41.1 g and a 16.7-day increase in number of days to a slaughter weight of 104.5 kg.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Conservative management of splenic subcapsular hematoma in the third trimester of pregnancy. A case report.

A delayed splenic hemorrhage from a subcapsular hematoma occurred in association with pregnancy. That rare complication carries a high mortality rate, is rarely diagnosed preoperatively and is correctly diagnosed only 20% of the time. The clinical setting and a high index of suspicion led us to investigate for the presence of a splenic hematoma. A computed tomographic scan was invaluable in establishing the diagnosis. We adopted a conservative approach and followed the patient's clinical course from 28 to 40 weeks' gestation, until she delivered vaginally. In general, patient management (conservative vs. splenectomy) and mode of delivery will depend on how close one is to the initial event, on the patient's and fetus's clinical condition and on the gestational age.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1991

[Do ulcerogenic pepsins exist? Characterization of polymorphism of human pepsins].

Studies on the role of pepsin in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer are hampered by lack of suitable methods for the separation, characterization and quantification of different forms of pepsin. As a contribution toward solving this problem, we have developed several electrophoretic systems which exhibit a high resolving power for pepsins and their precursors, pepsinogens. When human gastric juices were fractionated by discontinuous electrophoresis at pH 3.7 in polyacrylamide gel, pepsin was resolved into as many as 20 distinct forms: 3 major isoenzymes (C, A4, A3), 4 less abundant isoforms (C', A6, A4', A3' or A2), 8-10 minor isoforms of pepsin A1 and at least 3 dimeric isoforms of pepsin A (Ad). All the pepsin components were identified by means of bidimensional electrophoresis. Pepsinogens from gastric mucosa were separated by discontinuous electrophoresis at pH 5.5 in the first dimension, then converted to pepsins in the gel by acidification and resolved by electrophoresis at pH 3.7 in the second dimension. Based on discontinuous electrophoresis at low pH, a much needed method was elaborated for the quantification of different forms of pepsin(ogen) within the stomach. This technique will allow detailed clinical studies which may provide insight into the question whether or not there are specific forms of pepsin that are associated with peptic ulcer.

Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional↗
PubMed1991

Interneurones of the lumbar cord related to spontaneous locomotor activity in the rabbit. I. Rhythmically active interneurones.

In decorticate, unanaesthetized and curarized rabbit preparations displaying spontaneous fictive locomotor sequences, the firing pattern of neurones was recorded extracellularly in the L6-S1 spinal cord. These neurones, located in the intermediate part of the cord, were not invaded by antidromic stimulation of the hindlimb muscle nerves and thus were considered as interneurones (or propriospinal or tract cells ascending to the brain). When compared to the output from the ipsilateral muscle nerves, these neurones were classified as flexor (F INs) or extensor (E INs) according to the phase of the locomotor cycle when they displayed their maximal firing rate. Among 69 F INs, 33 maintained tonic firing during the periods between episodes of locomotor activity. Their maximal firing rate was in phase with the flexor efferent bursts of the locomotor sequence; during the extensor phase, they maintained an instantaneous frequency (i.f.) that was clearly above the resting i.f. Of these neurones, six became completely silent during the initial flexorextensor coactivation that opened the sequence (F1 neurones) whereas the 27 others increased their firing rate at that time (F2 neurones). The other neurones (36 F3) were silent between the locomotor episodes. Although most of them had a rhythmic activity limited to the flexor bursts, some fired throughout locomotor sequence with a maximal rate during flexor bursts. All the 123 E neurones completely stopped firing during the flexor phase. As was the case for F3 neurone firing, E3 neurone firing (34 neurones) occurred only during periods of locomotor activity. Among the neurones that displayed tonic activity between locomotor episodes, the E2 neurones (24 from 123) remained at this resting value during the extensor phase whereas the E1 neurones (65 neurones) showed an increased i.f. for all or part of this phase. These data, which suggest an asymmetrical genesis of the flexor and extensor activities in locomotion, need to be supported by further analysis.

Animals↗