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Biomedical subjects

M Jones

Publications and source records attributed to M Jones.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Hemodynamic function of the Hancock standard orifice aortic valve bioprosthesis.

Reports that the hemodynamic performance of the standard orifice aortic bioprosthesis in less than optimal have prompted recommendations that mechanical prosthesis or anulus-enlarging procedures be used in adult patients with a small aortic root. The hemodynamic function of the Hancock bioprosthesis was evaluated in 77 patients who underwent cardiac catheterization of rest and with isoproterenol infusion (15 patients) an average of 6 months after operation. The average peak systolic gradient (basal conditions) was 7 mm Hg (range 0 to 37 mm Hg); 35 patients had no resting gradient. Fifteen patients received 21 mm diameter valves and had an average systolic valve gradient of 10 mm Hg (range 0 to 30 mm Hg); the average effective valve orifice area was 1.27 +/- 0.17 cm2 for 21 mm, 1.46 +/- 0.11 cm2 for 23 mm, 1.72 +/- k0.20 cm2 for 25 mm, and 1.97 +/- 0.06 for 27 mm bioprostheses. Isoproterenol infusion, elevating cardiac output 66%, increased the peak systolic gradient from an average of 11 mm Hg (range 0 to 37 mm Hg) to 44 mm Hg (range 10 to 85 mm Hg). It is concluded that small-diameter (21 and 23 mm) Hancock bioprostheses can be used with acceptable clinical and hemodynamic function in patients with a small body surface area.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A study of junior school meals in South Glamorgan.

A survey was carried out during spring term 1980 to assess the nutritional content and the uptake of the school meal amongst junior schoolchildren. Fifty eight per cent of children attending the schools surveyed took the school meal, the remainder went home or brought sandwiches. The school meal provided, on average, 2258 kJ (540 kcal), 20 g protein, 19 g fat and 15 g sucrose. A mean of 11 per cent energy, 9 per cent protein and 14 per cent fat were wasted. A small number of 'sandwich' meals brought by children at these schools were examined. On average, these provided rather more energy but less protein, and waste was lower than with the school meal.

Child↗
PubMed1981

Long-term results of repair of incomplete persistent atrioventricular canal.

We evaluated the late results following repair of otherwise anatomically uncomplicated incomplete persistent atrioventricular canal in 39 consecutive operative survivors who underwent operation at our institution prior to 1976. Average follow-up was 12 years. Postoperative cardiac catheterization was performed in 35 patients (90%) at an average of 11 months after operation. Seven (20%) had residual mitral regurgitation with elevated mean pulmonary arterial wedge of left atrial pressures with abnormal v waves. Regurgitation was mild to moderate (pulmonary artery wedge or left atrial pressure 12 to 15 mm Hg) in five and severe (pulmonary artery wedge pressure over 20 mm Hg) in two patients. Clinically significant arrhythmias including complete heart block, sudden death, nodal rhythm, and chronic atrial fibrillation occurred in seven patients (18%). Two patients have required reoperation for mitral regurgitation. Five have clinically recognizable mild-to-moderate mitral regurgitation controlled with medical management; 25 patients are asymptomatic at current evaluation. Estimated actuarial survival rate at 13 years is 88% +/- 6%, with an actuarial survival free of reoperation of 82% +/- 6%. However, actuarial survival free of any late complication including late death, reoperation, serious arrhythmia, or mitral regurgitation is only 52% +/- 10% at 13 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Histologic and ultrastructural features of normal human parietal pericardium.

Morphologic studies of normal anterior parietal pericardium from seven patients revealed this tissue to be composed of three layers: (1) the serosa, consisting of a surface layer of mesothelial cells and a narrow submesothelial space, (2) the fibrosa, containing variously oriented layers of collagen fibrils and small elastic fibers, and (3) the epipericardial connective tissue layer, containing mainly large coarse bundles of collagen and forming part of the pericardiosternal ligament. Scanning electron microscopic examination is most useful for study of the surface features of pericardial mesothelial cells, which have single cilia and are covered with microvilli. The latter bear friction and increase the surface area for fluid transport. Junctional complexes between adjacent mesothelial cells consist of desmosomes, which reinforce intercellular adhesion and zonulae occludentes, which form permeability barriers. Actin-like filaments (50 A in diameter) are present in microvilli and in immediately subjacent regions of the cells; these filaments mediate changes in cell shape. Intermediate filaments (100 A in diameter) are associated with desmosomes and form bundles in the perinuclear regions; these filaments provide structural support to the cytoplasm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Stimulus competition and ear differences in memory for sentences.

Recognition memory was compared within subjects for meaningful sentences presented either non-competitively (monaural condition) or accompanied by non-verbal (monaural-noise condition) or verbal (dichotic condition) input. A right-ear advantage for sentence memory occurred with dichotic but not with monaural presentation. Error analyses showed evidence of qualitative differences in processing under competitive and non-competitive conditions. These results suggest that different types of linguistic processing may be involved in investigations of auditory asymmetries which employ monaural and dichotic presentation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Serum sialic acid and CEA concentrations in human breast cancer.

The concentration of bound sialic acid in the sera of 56 normal subjects and 65 subjects with breast cancer was measured, in order to determine (1) whether serum sialic acid concentrations are raised in breast cancer and (2) whether the concentration of sialic acid in serum reflects tumour stage. The amount of sialic acid in serum was compared to serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) values. Urinary hydroxyproline and serum alkaline phosphatase concentrations were used as indicators of bone and liver involvement. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was also measured. Significantly elevated serum sialic acid concentrations were found in breast cancer, and showed correlation with tumour stage. Serum sialic acid values did not correlate with CEA values. The results suggest that measurement of serum sialic acid concentrations may be of adjunctive value in assessing tumour stage.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

Criteria for the selection of second-generation platinum compounds.

Our selection of a potential second-generation platinum compound began with an initial short list of 8 compounds selected on the basis of antitumour and toxicity studies in mice. We now report further, more detailed investigations of the renal toxicity and antitumour activity of one of these compounds, cis-dichloro trans-dihydroxy bis isopropylamine platinum (IV) (CHIP), in comparison with cis-dichloro diammine platinum (II) (Neoplatin). CHIP was a more effective anti-tumour agent against both alkylating-agent sensitive and resistant strains of the Yoshida sarcoma (YSS and YSR respectively) than was Neoplatin. In addition CHIP produced negligible kidney toxicity as measured by blood urea levels. We have also compared the effects of these two drugs on nuclear-protein phosphorylation, in an attempt to gain insight into their molecular mode of action. Both Neoplatin and CHIP induced increased nuclear-protein phosphorylation in the YSS tumour cells, and loss of condensed chromatin. However, CHIP also induced increased nuclear-protein phosphorylation and loss of condensed chromatin in the YSR tumour cells. These changes correlated well with cell death. In addition Neoplatin, but not CHIP, treatment caused increased nuclear-protein phosphorylation in kidney tissues. This correlated with kidney damage as measured by blood urea levels. These selection criteria suggested that CHIP would be a more selective antitumour agent than Neoplatin, and will provide a basis for its comparison with the other 7 compounds.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Identification and molecular cloning of Moloney mouse sarcoma virus-specific sequences from uninfected mouse cells.

When uninfected mouse cell DNA is cleaved with restriction endonuclease EcoRI, a DNA fragment of 14.0 kilobases can be identified by hybridization to cloned DNA containing sarcoma specific sequences of Moloney mouse sarcoma virus (M-MSVsrc). The cellular DNA fragment contains the entire M-MSVsrc specific sequences. The 14.0-kilobase EcoRI DNA fragment was cloned in bacteriophage lambda. The sequence organization of a recombinant clone, lambda . MTX-1, was analyzed by restriction endonuclease mapping, nuclease S1 mapping, and electron microscopy. The results indicate that lambda . MTX-1 contains an uninterrupted stretch of 1.0 kilobase similar to that found in the M-MSV genome.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

A randomised controlled trial of the effect of the provision of free school milk on the growth of children.

A randomised controlled study was carried out of the effect on growth of the provision of free milk supplements to schoolchildren aged 7 and 8. In selecting children for this study, the aim was to identify those whose socioeconomic circumstances might place them at a disadvantage for growth. Five hundred and eighty-one-children were selected from schools where a high proportion of the pupils received free school meals, and from families with four or more children. The subjects were randomly allocated to receive a third of a pint (190 ml) of free milk daily for six school terms or to a control group. The mean difference in height gain at the end of twenty-one-and-a-half months was 3% or 2.93 mm (P less than 0.05) in favour of the children provided with free milk. The mean difference in weight gain was 130 g (P greater than 0.05) in their favour. The height and weight gain associated with the provision of free mild was very small in the study population, and it is therefore likely that the benefit to growth of providing free milk for the whole unselected population of schoolchildren of these ages would be even smaller.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Postoperative aortic regurgitation from incomplete seating of tilting-disc occluders due to overhanging knots or long sutures.

Certain clinical and morphologic features are described in three patients who developed severe aortic regurgitation after aortic valve replacement. The regurgitation, fatal in two of the three patients, resulted from long sutures or their knots or both overhanging the metallic ring of the prosthesis preventing complete seating of the occluder. In one patient, simply cutting the overhanging suture eliminated the aortic regurgitation. The problem of suture overhang appears more likely to occur when aortic valve replacement is carried out in patients with relatively small aortic roots. Before closing the aortotomy after aortic valve replacement, it is advisable to move the occluder back and forth to make sure its movement, and specifically, its ability to seat completely, is not limited by sutures which are too long.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

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